Axis fracture due to giant cranial AVM

ABSTRACT Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a vascular anomaly consisting of a bundle of direct connection of arteries and veins. AVMs clinical expression ranges from complete asymptomatic, and thus incidentally found, to life threatening with rupturing and bleeding. In this wide spectrum, osteolysis is considered as a rare complication of interosseous AVMs, and only few cases of mandible and maxilla osteolysis have been reported. We present, herein, a case of an intracranial AVM, which has caused in the course of the time an osteolysis of the dens and axis.

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Vertex scalp mass as presenting sign of a complex intracranial vascular malformation

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2008.12.peds08408 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 307-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Luca Massimi ◽

Pasquale De Bonis ◽

Giuseppe Esposito ◽

Federica Novegno ◽

Benedetta Pettorini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Bone Erosion ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Simple Observation ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

The Face ◽

Intracranial Vascular Malformation ◽

Scalp Mass

Scalp masses are not infrequently encountered in daily clinical practice. They are represented by a wide spectrum of different clinical entities and are usually managed by an excision or by simple observation. Although it happens rarely, head lumps may hide an underlying cranioencephalic malformation that has to be preoperatively diagnosed to perform an appropriate treatment. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are not included among the intracranial malformations connected with a scalp mass. The authors report on the unusual case of a child harboring a complex intracranial AVM that initially presented as a small scalp mass. Actually, this young boy came to the authors' attention just for a small, soft, pulsatile, and reducible mass of the vertex that produced a circumscribed bone erosion. The presence of macrocranium and venous engorgement of the face, however, suggested the presence of an intracranial “mass.” The neuroimaging investigations pointed out a temporal AVM causing dilation of the intracranial sinuses and ectasia of the vein of the scalp; one of the veins was appreciable as a lump on the vertex.

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Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation unmasked in pregnancy: A case report

Obstetric Medicine ◽

10.1177/1753495x13488358 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 179-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sheba Reshmi Anin ◽

Wunmi Ogunnoiki ◽

Tarun Sabharwal ◽

Karen Harrison-Phipps

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Pulmonary Vasculature ◽

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Neurological Sequelae ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Arteries And Veins ◽

In Pregnancy

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are anomalous communications between arteries and veins of the pulmonary vasculature. Its incidence is rare. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can be asymptomatic or cause profound cardiovascular compromise and adverse neurological sequelae, as a result of right to left shunting of deoxygenated blood. Pregnancy and its physiological demands can unmask and exacerbate pulmonary arteriovenous malformations with attendant risks of life threatening complications and rarely, death. This case report describes a first presentation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in pregnancy and the tendency for misdiagnosis with pulmonary embolism. A multidisciplinary approach to management is pertinent considering the challenges involved in deciding the appropriate therapeutic management in pregnancy which has to be weighed against potential maternal and fetal risks.

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Symptomatic retrograde arterial thrombosis: A rare complication after microsurgical removal of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.05.042 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 115 (3) ◽

pp. 368-370

Author(s):

Bruno Lourenço Costa ◽

Mário Henrique Girão Faria ◽

José Lozano Lopes ◽

Feres Eduardo Aparecido Chaddad Neto ◽

Armando Lopes

Keyword(s):

Arterial Thrombosis ◽

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

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Proximal deep venous thrombosis following PTA of the superficial femoral artery – an obligation to disclose a complication that is rarely taken into account

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.35.1.41 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 41-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Klein-Weigel ◽

Pillokat ◽

Klemens ◽

Köning ◽

Wolbergs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Superficial Femoral Artery ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Femoral Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Explicit Information ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Legal Consequences

We report two cases of femoral vein thrombosis after arterial PTA and subsequent pressure stasis. We discuss the legal consequences of these complications for information policies. Because venous thrombembolism following an arterial PTA might cause serious sequel or life threatening complications, there is a clear obligation for explicit information of the patients about this rare complication.

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Gamma knife radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children/adolescents and adults. Part II: Differences in obliteration rates, treatment-obliteration intervals, and prognostic factors

Yearbook of Neurology and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1016/s0513-5117(08)70168-6 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2007 ◽

pp. 242

Author(s):

W.B. Gormley

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Gamma Knife ◽

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽

Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Adolescents And Adults

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Massive haemorrhagic complications of ruptured pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: outcomes from a 12 years’ retrospective study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-021-01604-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xu Ma ◽

Bing Jie ◽

Dong Yu ◽

Ling-Ling Li ◽

Sen Jiang

Keyword(s):

Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations ◽

Imaging Data ◽

Peripheral Lung ◽

Life Threatening ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background The life-threatening haemorrhagic complications of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are extremely rare, and only described in isolated cases. This study was designed to comprehensively investigate management of ruptured PAVMs. Methods We retrospectively assessed clinical and imaging data of ruptured PAVMs to summarize incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes following embolisation between January 2008 and January 2021. Results Eighteen of 406 (4.4%) patients with PAVMs developed haemorrhagic complications. Twelve of 18 patients were clinically diagnosed with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Haemorrhagic complications occurred with no clear trigger in all cases. Eight of 18 patients (44.4%) were initially misdiagnosed or had undergone early ineffective treatment. 28 lesions were detected, with 89.3% of them located in peripheral lung. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed indirect signs to indicate ruptured PAVMs in all cases. Lower haemoglobin concentrations were associated with the diameter of afferent arteries in the ruptured lesions. Successful embolotherapy was achieved in all cases. After embolotherapy, arterial oxygen saturation improved and bleeding was controlled (P < 0.05). The mean follow-up time was 3.2 ± 2.5 years (range, 7 months to 10 years). Conclusions Life threatening haemorrhagic complications of PAVMs are rare, they usually occur without a trigger and can be easily misdiagnosed. HHT and larger size of afferent arteries are major risk factors of these complications. CTA is a useful tool for diagnosis and therapeutic guidance for ruptured PAVMs. Embolotherapy is an effective therapy for this life-threatening complication.

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Case Series of Three Patients with Rifampicin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718608 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chandramouli M.T

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Case Series ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

Effective Drug ◽

Antitubercular Drugs ◽

Short Course ◽

Life Threatening

AbstractLife-threatening adverse reactions of antitubercular drugs are uncommon; however, thrombocytopenia is one such rare complication encountered with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Rifampicin is the most effective drug and its use in the tuberculosis treatment led to the emergence of modern and effective short-course regimens. I am reporting case series of three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis presented with rifampicin-induced thrombocytopenia.

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Intraorbital Abscess: A Rare Cause of Orbit Compression

FACE ◽

10.1177/27325016211005062 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 273250162110050

Author(s):

Samuel Ruiz ◽

Rizal Lim

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Disease Process ◽

Rare Condition ◽

External Drainage ◽

Direct Extension ◽

Life Threatening ◽

History Of ◽

High Index Of Suspicion ◽

Prompt Diagnosis

Introduction: Intraorbital abscess is a rare complication of rhinosinusitis that affects most commonly the pediatric population. It is thought to be caused by direct extension or venous spread of infections from contiguous sites and can lead to life-threatening complications, like permanent visual loss and cerebral abscesses. Objectives: Intraorbital abscess is a rare condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid serious complications. Our objectives are to provide an overview of this rare disease process and its management including our successful treatment experience. Case Description: We present a 2 case report of a 13-year-old pediatric male and a 66-year-old male with history of chronic sinusitis who presented with a right intraorbital abscess successfully treated with external drainage with decompression of the orbit. Conclusion: When intraorbital abscess is encountered, a high index of suspicion is needed to allow prompt and accurate diagnosis for this infrequent condition. Timely surgical drainage of the abscess is needed to prevent the development of fatal complications.

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