Findings From the Community Youth Development Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
J. David Hawkins ◽  
Richard F. Catalano ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
State Level ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Community Youth Development ◽  
And Control

This chapter describes a randomized controlled trial of the CTC system to show that it is possible to use this type of rigorous methodology to evaluate a community-based prevention system. This project, the Community Youth Development Study (CYDS), involved 24 communities in seven U.S. states. The methods used to recruit communities and state-level partners to the trial, as well as the measures used to collect data from community key leaders, service providers, coalition leaders, and youth in CTC and control communities, are described. The chapter also summarizes the study’s findings, including desired changes in community-level processes, youth-reported risk and protective factors, and youth-reported behavioral health problems. Estimates of CTC’s cost benefits are provided.

A Community-based Addiction Rehabilitation Electronic System to Improve Recovery Outcomes in Patients with Drug Use Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe WANG ◽  
Shujuan CHEN ◽  
Junning CHEN ◽  
Chunfeng XU ◽  
Zhikang CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Community Rehabilitation ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

BACKGROUND Relapse is very common in patients with illicit drug use disorder and contributes to a series of bad consequences that substantially impact their physical and social functions. Due to the limited existence of effective addiction treatment, the majority of patients with drug use disorder could not access help when needing. Mobile health (mHealth) offers a potential solution to improving recovery outcome for patients in community. OBJECTIVE This paper is a protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a smart phone application called community-based addiction rehabilitation electronic system (CAREs). This interactive system consists of an APP for clients and a webpage for service providers, with the aim of teaching clients craving and emergency coping skills and helping service providers to improve their work efficiency and effectiveness in community. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. Sixty drug illicit users who are newly ordered to undergo community rehabilitation will be recruited from the community in Shanghai. Participants will be 1:1 randomly assigned to receive integrated community rehabilitation by using CAREs or only receiving routine community rehabilitation for 6 months. Corresponding anti-drug social workers will provide service and monitor their drug use behavior in accordance with the routine work-flow. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and in the 6th month. The primary study outcome is the performance on illicit drug urine test which will be carried on regularly twice per week during the study period. Secondary study outcomes include longest duration of sustained abstinence, days that participants interact with anti-drug social workers, and the decrease rate of addiction-related issues severity index. RESULTS Recruitment is currently underway with the aim of recruiting 60 subjects with drug use disorder. Recruitment will continue until the end of 2018. CONCLUSIONS This is the first known trial of a smartphone-based psychotherapy program for improving recovery outcomes in illicit drug users in community. The study provides evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of the "CAREs" system through comparing the results of the intervention group with the control group. This paper describes the design and methodology of the study. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03451344, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03451344

scholarly journals Implementation of the Communities That Care prevention system by coalitions in the Community Youth Development Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Arthur ◽  
J. David Hawkins ◽  
Eric C. Brown ◽  
John S. Briney ◽  
Sabrina Oesterle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Communities That Care ◽  
Prevention System ◽  
Community Youth Development

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of a package to improve hypertension control in Nigeria [DEPIHCON]: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
IkeOluwapo Oyeneye Ajayi ◽  
Oyediran Emmanuel Oyewole ◽  
Okechukwu S Ogah ◽  
Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi ◽  
Mobolaji Modinat Salawu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Nigeria’s healthcare system capacity to stem the increasing trend in hypertension is limited in coverage, scope and manpower. Use of trained community-based care providers demonstrated to be an effective complement in improving access to, and supporting healthcare delivery has not been adequately examined for hypertension care in Nigeria. This study is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of using trained Community-based Oriented Resource Persons (CORPs) to improve hypertension control in Nigeria. Methods: An intervention study will be conducted in three states using mixed method design. First, is a baseline survey using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire to collect information on demographics, clinical data, knowledge, occurrence and risk factors of hypertension among 1,704 adults ≥18 years. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and Key Informant Interviews (KII) will be conducted to explore community’s experience of hypertension, challenges with hypertension management, and support required to improve control in 10 selected communities in each state. The second is a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate effect of a package on reduction of blood pressure (BP) and prevention of cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors among 200 hypertensive patients to be followed up in intervention and control arms over a six-month period in each state. The package will include trained CORPs conducting community-based screening of BP and referral, diagnosis confirmation and initial treatment in the health facility, followed by monthly home-based follow-up care and provision of health education on hypertension control and healthy lifestyle enhanced by phone voice message reminders. In the control arm, the usual care (diagnosis, treatment and follow up care in hospital of patient’s choice) will continue. Third, an end-line survey will be conducted in both intervention and control communities to evaluate changes in mean BP, control, knowledge, and proportion of other CVD risk factors. In addition, FGD and KII will be used to assess participants’ perceived quality and acceptability of the interventions as delivered by CORPs.Discussion: This research is expected to create awareness, improve knowledge, perception, behaviours, attitude and practices that will reduce hypertension in Nigeria. Advocacy for buy-in and scale up of using CORPs in hypertension care by the government is key if found to be effective. Trial registration: PACTR Registry- PACTR202107530985857. Registered on 26 July 2021Url – https://pactr.samrc.ac.za

scholarly journals Detection of Domestic Violence and Abuse by Community Mental Health Teams Using the BRAVE Intervention: A Multicenter, Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110041
Author(s):  
Roos Ruijne ◽  
Cornelis Mulder ◽  
Milan Zarchev ◽  
Kylee Trevillion ◽  
Roel van Est ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Referral Rates ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
And Control ◽  
Domestic Violence And Abuse

Despite increased prevalence of domestic violence and abuse (DVA), victimization through DVA often remains undetected in mental health care. To estimate the effectiveness of a system provider level training intervention by comparing the detection and referral rates of DVA of intervention community mental health (CMH) teams with rates in control CMH teams. We also aimed to determine whether improvements in knowledge, skills and attitudes to DVA were greater in clinicians working in intervention CMH teams than those working in control teams. We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in two urban areas of the Netherlands. Detection and referral rates were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the start of the intervention. DVA knowledge, skills and attitudes were assessed using a survey at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after start of the intervention. Electronic patient files were used to identify detected and referred cases of DVA. Outcomes were compared between the intervention and control teams using a generalized linear mixed model. During the 12-month follow-up, detection and referral rates did not differ between the intervention and control teams. However, improvements in knowledge, skills and attitude during that follow-up period were greater in intervention teams than in control teams: β 3.21 (95% CI 1.18-4.60). Our trial showed that a training program on DVA knowledge and skills in CMH teams can increase knowledge and attitude towards DVA. However, our intervention does not appear to increase the detection or referral rates of DVA in patients with a severe mental illness. A low detection rate of DVA remains a major problem. Interventions with more obligatory elements and a focus on improving communication between CMH teams and DVA services are recommended.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Yoga Lifestyle on Lipid Metabolism in a Vulnerable Population—A Community Based Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Raghuram Nagarathna ◽  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Akshay Anand ◽  
Ishwara N. Acharya ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Yoga Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: Dyslipidemia poses a high risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There are no studies on the impact of a validated integrated yoga lifestyle protocol on lipid profiles in a high-risk diabetes population. Methods: Here, we report the results of lipid profile values of 11,254 (yoga 5932 and control 5322) adults (20–70 years) of both genders with high risk (≥60 on Indian diabetes risk score) for diabetes from a nationwide rural and urban community-based two group (yoga and conventional management) cluster randomized controlled trial. The yoga group practiced a validated integrated yoga lifestyle protocol (DYP) in nine day camps followed by daily one-hour practice. Biochemical profiling included glycated hemoglobin and lipid profiles before and after three months. Results: There was a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001 ANCOVA) with improved serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein in the yoga group compared to the control group. Further, the regulatory effect of yoga was noted with a significant decrease or increase in those with high or low values of lipids, respectively, with marginal or no change in those within the normal range. Conclusion: Yoga lifestyle improves and regulates (lowered if high, increased if low) the blood lipid levels in both genders of prediabetic and diabetic individuals in both rural and urban Indian communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document