Introduction—Music and Identity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Gentry
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Large Growth ◽  
Music And Identity ◽  
Musical Styles

This first chapter of the book introduces its key concepts. The term “identity” became popularized after World War II, thanks to social scientists attempting to describe new modes of self-fashioning. At the same time, large social movements began to coalesce around the concert, and simultaneously, there was a large growth in new musical styles and institutions. Rather than impose larger abstract theories, the book’s methodology is to examine individual scenes of music-making, asking how individuals made use of the concept of identity, especially in political terms. A more holistic notion of music, drawn from the discipline of performance studies, allows the book to make connections between often disparate strategies.

3. The demise of scientific racism

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ali Rattansi
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World Order ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
International Level ◽  
Scientific Racism ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
The Holocaust

In the aftermath of the Holocaust and the ending of World War II in 1945, the role of eugenics and scientific racism in underpinning the ideology of Nazism was impossible to ignore. It was clear that the question of racism and its scientific basis had to be confronted at an international level as part of the attempt to build a successful post-fascist world order. ‘The demise of scientific racism’ describes the post-1950 period of work by biologists and social scientists to undermine the scientific claims of the category of race. It outlines the role of genetics, DNA sequencing, and genomics in showing that there is more genetic variety within different population groups than between them.

Remembering the Brisbane Protests, 1965–72: The Civil Liberties Movement

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
James Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
World War ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
International Social

Beyond just my bias as a participant, I see a need to place the understanding of the innovative and distinctive character of Brisbane protests of the late 1960s and early 1970s on solid analytical foundations. These protests remain excluded from satisfying historical debate: while acknowledged as the product of the Queensland legacy of illiberality (Lunn; Whitton; Fitzgerald 1985, 1986), their connections with broader national and international social movements are largely ignored. This essay provides important details but points to broader reflections as well in its analysis of the civil liberties movement (CLM). My discussion focuses on the period 1965–75 but places the Brisbane protests historically in the general moves for liberalisation in the aftermath of World War II

1968: Europe in Technicolour

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Klimke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
European Countries ◽  
World War ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cold War

Even after more than four decades, the events of the tumultuous year 1968 still mesmerise and polarise Europe, both culturally and politically. Although prominent representatives of the continent's student revolt have called for people to ‘forget 68’, Europeans have entered the historicisation and memorialisation process for this period with vigour. Among the causes and contexts of the social movements, acts of dissent, and youthful revolts that are commonly subsumed under the cipher ‘1968’, the Cold War and the division of Europe after 1945 usually enjoy pride of place, although these were by no means the only influences. The rapid demographic changes after World War II were probably the primary force that shaped the context in which the opposition of the youth was to unfold. The postwar baby boom reached its climax in 1947, coinciding with a massive economic growth in many Northern and Western European countries that reached into all segments of society and proved particularly beneficial to the lower middle and working classes.

“Ballad for Americans”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gough ◽  
Peggy Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
Music Programs ◽  
Musical Expression ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Productions

This chapter argues that overtly political themes never dominated Federal One productions. Yet, some of the beliefs espoused by the 1930s Left took root and found appeal among subsequent generations of Americans. Much as pre-World War I bohemians saw many of their ideas absorbed into the mass culture of the 1920s, so did the goals and convictions of the 1930s Left enter mainstream social movements of the post-World War II period. These causes found inspiration to varying degrees in musical expression, as well as particular elements of the radical political activism of the 1930s. Though notably less contentious than other WPA cultural productions, the Federal Music programs in the regional West should also be viewed as harbingers of these later social developments.

COSMOPOLITANISM AND THE USES OF TRADITION: ROBERT REDFIELD AND ALTERNATIVE VISIONS OF MODERNIZATION DURING THE COLD WAR

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLE SACKLEY
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
Talcott Parsons ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Alternative Vision ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The University

The history of the rise and fall of “modernization theory” after World War II has been told as a story of Talcott Parsons, Walt Rostow, and other US social scientists who built a general theory in US universities and sought to influence US foreign policy. However, in the 1950s anthropologist Robert Redfield and his Comparative Civilizations project at the University of Chicago produced an alternative vision of modernization—one that emphasized intellectual conversation across borders, the interrelation of theory and fieldwork, and dialectical relations of tradition and modernity. In tracing the Redfield project and its legacies, this essay aims to broaden intellectual historians’ sense of the complexity, variation, and transnational currents within postwar American discourse about modernity and tradition.

Whose Memories? Whose Victimhood? Contests for the Holocaust Frame in Recent Social Movement Discourse

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene Stein
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Movement Organizations ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Social Movement Framing ◽  
Symbolic Resource ◽  
Gay Movement ◽  
Movement Organizations

Fifty years after the end of World War II, the Holocaust is being utilized as a symbolic resource by US social movements. This article investigates social movement “framing” processes, looking at the use of Holocaust rhetoric and imagery by social movement organizations and actors. I explore how competing movements, the lesbian/gay movement and the Christian right, battle over the same symbolic territory, and how the Holocaust frame is deployed by each. Two forms of symbolic appropriation in relation to the Holocaust are documented: metaphor creation and revisionism.

Singing to Save

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith L. Blumhofer
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The People ◽  
Team Setting ◽  
Musical Styles

This chapter explores an integral aspect of Billy Graham’s crusades: music, the people responsible for it, its role in bringing diversity to Graham crusade platforms, and its influence on post–World War II Christian song. For the sixty-year span of the crusades, choir director Cliff Barrows and soloist George Beverly Shea were the most visible members of Graham’s team, setting the tone for every sermon and response. They understood crusade music as part of the ministry flow, not as entertainment. The goal of every song was the same as the goal of every sermon—bringing people to a moment of decision. Over the years, many popular artists brought to the crusades a wide variety of musical styles, from classical to hip-hop, featuring guest artists that brought ethnic, regional, gender, and racial diversity. But the dependable elements Barrows and Shea adhered to gave the crusades remarkable musical consistency.

Modern Turkish Studies

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Walter F. Weiker
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
To Come ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Great Reforms

Turkey has long been a fertile field for social scientists (in the broadest sense of the term) and for commentators on the socio-political scene. Travelogues and analyses of the society by westerners or the Ottoman Empire include such well-known authors as Ubicini, Jorga, Vamberi, Engelhardt, Mortmann, Zinkeisen and Hammer-Purgstall. As western penetration into the area increased in the 19th and early 20th centuries there emerged numerous accounts of Turkish life and public affairs by diplomats (e.g., Sir Edwin Pears, Turkey and Its People, 1912), educators and missionaries (e.g., Caleb Gates, Not to Me Only, 1940), soldiers (e.g., Liman von Sanders, Five Years in Turkey, 1928). By 1908, their ranks were augmented by a few Turks such as Ahmet Emin Yalman and Halide Edib. But it was only with the great reforms of AtatUrk that western social scientists began to come to Turkey in any significant numbers, and not until after World War II did modern Turkish studies come into full flower both in terms of quality and quantity. In the last two decades or so there has emerged a very considerable volume of studies by both Turks and others, in Turkish as well as German, French and primarily English. American social scientists have in recent years begun to dominate the field which earlier had been largely the province of Europeans.

Indignation and Claims for Economic Sovereignty in Europe and the Americas: Renewing the Project of Control over Production

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Casassas ◽  
Sérgio Franco ◽  
Bru Laín ◽  
Edgar Manjarín ◽  
Rommy Morales Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Latin America ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
North America ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
World War ◽  
Turn On ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Working Populations

This chapter focuses on contemporary social movements in Europe and Latin America that are taking shape as forms of action that aim not only at defending some achievements of ‘reformed capitalism’ but also at exploring the possibility of forms of social and economic organisation that go beyond purely capitalist logics. More specifically, it examines the efforts of these movements as they try to regain control over production and distribution. The chapter first considers the meaning of the post-World War II ‘social deal’ as well as the actors, historical trajectories and societal self-understandings that contributed to its emergence. It then explains why, both in Europe and North America and in Latin America, the guarantee of degrees of socio-economic security went hand in hand with a decrease of collective economic sovereignty. It also analyses the effects of the neo-liberal turn on the working populations' socio-economic security and on the social deal.

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