How Positive Youth Development Can Support Low-Income Roma Youth Living in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Marija Bingulac
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Youth Of Color ◽  
Persistent Violence ◽  
Mainstream Society

Deprivation and discrimination, including the destruction of housing settlements, forced evictions, and persistent violence, led a portion of Europe’s 12 million Roma to seek refuge in the United States and Canada. Approximately 1 million Roma live in the United States, and 80,000 Roma currently live in Canada. Profound experiences of injustice in their home countries have led Roma in the United States to keep their lives hidden from mainstream society. The Roma as a race/ethnicity is not accounted for in any American surveys, and research on their well-being in the United States is scarce. This chapter fills knowledge gaps by presenting a one-of-a-kind comprehensive literature review synthesizing empirical evidence on the lives of Roma people and their youth in the United States by applying the positive youth development (PYD) framework that focuses on promoting positive asset-building for youth and seeing youth as vital resources in development strategies. In doing so, the chapter advances beyond the more usual narrative that has focused on the problems of Roma youth to examine the mechanisms that can enable them to flourish in the United States. Romani youth is a case study example of youth of color in general; this chapter adds to the body of knowledge that examines how PYD development matters for positive developmental outcomes of a minority group that has experienced socioeconomic disparities strictly because of the stigma of their identity.

scholarly journals The 5Cs of Positive Youth Development, Purpose in Life, Hope, and Well-Being Among Emerging Adults in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Rusyda Helma Mohd
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Development

A substantial body of evidence supports Lerner and colleagues’ 5Cs model of positive youth development (PYD) in the United States (U.S.). Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether the 5Cs can be used to identify positive development in the under-researched Asian contexts, such as Malaysia. Thus, this study examined the 5Cs of PYD (competence, confidence, character, connection, and caring) and their importance to purpose in life, hope, and well-being in a sample of emerging adult undergraduate university students in Malaysia. Data were collected from 400 participants from 15 Malaysian universities (132 males, 268 females; ages ranged from 18 to 26 years old, M = 22). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that two of the 5Cs of PYD (confidence and connection) as well as hope were important to explaining variation in well-being. The findings imply that there are strong links between PYD, especially confidence and connection, and well-being, while purpose in life and hope were indirectly related to the 2Cs (confidence and connection) of PYD and well-being. Therefore, mental health professionals are encouraged to review and redefine their treatment design to include confidence, connection, purpose in life and hope when working with Malaysian emerging adult university students.

scholarly journals Positive Youth Development in Diverse and Global Contexts

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Kirk A. Astroth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Special Issue

A new special issue Child Development focuses on a number of efforts around positive youth development—both within the United States with vulnerable populations as well as in global settings.  The volume offers a wealth of information about how positive youth development efforts need to be tailored to specific and unique contexts, and why imposing program models or curricula on diverse populations often fails.  Practitioners will gain an appreciation for the power of positive youth development to transform lives when programs are intentional, well-planned and targeted. This special issue is available online at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdev.2017.88.issue-4/issuetoc.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM COSTS OF GRANDPARENT CAREGIVING: RESULTS FROM THREE WAVES OF THE MIDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES STUDY (MIDUS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S797-S798
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rickenbach ◽  
Elizabeth H Rickenbach ◽  
Chih-Chien Huang ◽  
Jessica Y Allen ◽  
Kelly E Cichy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grandparent Caregiving

Abstract Cross-sectional studies reveal the health burden of grandparent caregiving. Still, longitudinal, research is needed to understand how grandparent caregiving compromises grandparents’ long-term health. Using three waves of data from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS), we examined sociodemographic factors, health and well-being outcomes between caregiving (CG) and non-caregiving (NCG) grandparents. By wave 3, 12.8% (n = 234) were CG. CG were younger, more likely female, and had lower income and education. MANCOVA adjusted for age, gender, education, and number of children revealed CG reported poorer physical and emotional well-being (e.g. higher depression, anxiety, lower life satisfaction, greater morbidity); CG were consistently less healthy than NCG across all three waves. Lower income and less healthy older adults are more likely to become grandparents, and they remain less healthy over time. Policies and resources to assist grandparents, particularly low-income and vulnerable older adults who are caring for grandchildren, are needed.

Do Energy Burdens Contribute to Economic Poverty in the United States? A Panel Analysis

Social Forces ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Bohr ◽  
Anna C McCreery
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Energy Behavior

Abstract For many households, energy consumption represents a non-discretionary portion of their budget and directly relates to quality of life. As researchers continue to study the environmental impacts of energy behavior, it is important to explore how energy consumption relates to socio-economic wellbeing. This paper examines the economic impacts of being energy-burdened in the United States, defined as spending at least 10% of household income on heating and electricity services; energy burdens are partially, but not entirely, driven by income, since energy needs and costs can vary substantially due to housing characteristics, utility rates, and other factors. Using panel data of US household income and energy expenditures during 1999–2017, this analysis demonstrates that energy-burdened households were at about 150%–200% greater risk of transitioning into or extending the duration of economic poverty over a two-year timeframe relative to non-burdened households. This analysis indicates that dedicating inordinate amounts of income to energy services can threaten a household’s economic well-being over time, possibly by preventing a household from engaging in other economic activities or compounding existing economic hardship. These results emphasize the importance of energy assistance and energy efficiency for low-income households, drawing attention to how structures of energy consumption, the welfare state, and social stratification intertwine.

scholarly journals Religion Associated with Strong Positive Youth Development In North Carolina County

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Christina De Guzman ◽  
Deborah Vajner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Survey Results

Studies like “Religious involvement and adolescent psychosocial development” by Carol Markstrom have researched the relation of religion to human development. Previous studies like hers were able to employ methodologies that provided for a unique perspective. The study undertaken for this paper researched the association of religion with strong positive youth development (PYD) using the five C’s of PYD in psychology: connection, character, compassion, competence, and confidence. This study used a quantitative methodology through surveys that were analyzed to help reach the conclusion of the research. The pattern that emerged through analysis of the survey results indicated that approximately 39% of the participants were religious, which is influenced by the location of this study, a region of the United States commonly known referred to as the Bible Belt. Based on their answers, religion is associated with strong positive youth development. However, it can also be concluded that even those who are neither religious nor spiritual also have a strong positive youth development, just not as strong.

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