The End of Cheap Talk About Poverty Reduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 223-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Collado ◽  
Bea Cantillon ◽  
Karel Van den Bosch ◽  
Tim Goedemé ◽  
Dieter Vandelannoote
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Poverty Threshold ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Household Incomes

Available evidence suggests that social investment and employment strategies are important but not sufficient for poverty reduction. Thus, European Union countries must not only develop effective employment policies but also ensure adequate social protection. This would require increasing social transfers for working and nonworking households, while protecting work incentives. In this chapter, we show that this is not an inexpensive option. We calculate the hypothetical cost of closing the poverty gap while maintaining the existing average labor-market participation incentives at the bottom of the income distribution. We do so in three types of welfare regimes, namely those of Belgium, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. Results show that this would require around two times the budget needed just to lift all disposable household incomes to the poverty threshold. The cost would obviously be lower in countries with smaller poverty gaps and with weaker participation incentives.

The Impact of Social Transfers on Income Poverty and Material Deprivation

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geranda Notten ◽  
Anne-Catherine Guio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Impact

In 2010, the European Union (EU) committed to lifting at least 20 million people out of poverty and social exclusion, using income poverty, severe material deprivation, and (quasi-)joblessness as metrics to measure progress on this goal. As part of a broader set of commonly agreed indicators, the EU also (crudely) measures the impact of transfers by comparing income poverty rates before and after social transfers. This chapter develops a regression approach to study the effects of transfers on material deprivation by predicting the material deprivation rate before social transfers. We apply the method to pre-recession and post-austerity EU-SILC data for Germany, Greece, Poland, and the United Kingdom. We find that, in addition to reducing income poverty, transfers substantially reduce the extent and depth of material deprivation. Changes in social transfers, therefore, have a twofold effect on Europe’s poverty-reduction target.

Labor Activation, Social Protection and Poverty Reduction: The Case of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-353
Author(s):  
Esuna Dugarova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Working Poverty ◽  
The Cost

Social protection is an important strategy to protect people from livelihood risks, develop human capital and promote economic growth. Decent work is a core element of social protection and a critical condition for eradicating poverty. Despite high labor force participation and low unemployment, Russia’s labor market shows several negative trends, including working poverty and growing informality. Both are exacerbated by gender disparities and unfavorable demographic shifts. Over the past decade the Russian government has implemented active labor market interventions, and enhanced targeted social protection aimed at promoting employment and reducing poverty. Based on the analysis of key data and programs, the article finds that the country achieved stability in the labor market, but at the cost of deteriorating living standards caused by low levels of productivity and wages.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN SOSIAL BAGI ANAK-ANAK FAKIR MISKIN - Strategi Memutus Mata Rantai Kemiskinan

Sosio Informa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suradi Suradi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Large Numbers

Development of social welfare implemented to help every one who have experienced social dysfunction, including children who have abandoned to the poor households. In the year 2009, children stranded in Indonesia is still quite large numbers, its estimated 17.6 million people or 22.90 percent of the population of children. The condition has been associated with menerable because of declining quality of the young generation and the threat to the sustainability of devel- opment in the future. Therefore, the necessary handling really in the form of social protection programs for children are poor and needy. Design Vocational social protection for children re- ferred to the poor integrated with poverty reduction programs.Keyword : children of poverty, social protection, social investment,sustainable development.

Anti-Poverty Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-87
Author(s):  
Cathal O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Microsimulation Model ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Family Model ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Microsimulation Models

This chapter discusses the development of a static microsimulation model for the purpose of undertaking an anti-poverty policy reform. Microsimulation models, which simulate the legislative detail of poverty-reduction instruments, can be used to make social-protection instruments more effective in this objective by helping to improve the targeting of these instruments. This chapter describes firstly the structure of the dataset required for microsimulation modelling. It then creates a theoretical understanding of the structure of social transfers, and of the concept of a hypothetical microsimulation model. Although the model developed in this chapter abstracts from the population complexity described in Chapter 1, it allows us in a simpler way to understand the targeting and structure of anti-poverty policies. Some of the issues that arise in creating a base dataset for a microsimulation model are discussed. As validation, debugging, and error checking are paramount in model development, the use of a hypothetical family model to use for validation purposes is introduced. We define some concepts used to calculate the poverty efficiency of a social-protection instrument. Finally, the chapter undertakes a simulation of the development of a means-tested benefit.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Transfers on Poverty Reduction in EU Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Miežienė ◽  
Sandra Krutulienė
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAvailable studies indicate a strong negative correlation between poverty and social expenditures in EU countries. It means that the country’s at-risk-of-poverty rate tends to erode with increasing social expenditure. However, the studies have demonstrated that the impact of government spending on poverty may vary according to the sector of spending, how well it is targeted, and the way in which it is financed. Some countries manage to achieve a rather significant poverty rate reduction even with relatively low, in the context of other Member States, social expenditure (percentage of GDP). This suggests that in order to reduce poverty rates, it is important to consider not only the amount allocated to social spending, but also the areas the social transfers are channelled to. The article aims to analyse how the composition and the extent of social spending/transfers may affect poverty reduction in EU countries. The analysis showed that social protection transfers reduce the percentage of people at-risk-of-poverty in all countries, however, to a very different extent. Regression analysis demonstrated that social exclusion and family/children expenditure was found to be the most important predictor for a relative antipoverty effect of social transfers: even a small percentage increase in such expenditure allows quite a significant increase in the relative antipoverty effect of social transfers.

Two Decades of Social Investment in Latin America: Outcomes, Shortcomings and Achievements of Conditional Cash Transfers

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Papadopoulos ◽  
Ricardo Velázquez Leyer
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Early Twenty

Conditional Cash Transfer programmes (CCTs) have been at the core of the remarkable expansion of social protection in Latin America in the early twenty-first century. Our article reviews the origins of CCTs in the Social Investment (SI) approach to social policy design, explores their characteristics and traces their expansion in Latin America. It further questions whether CCTs designed under the influence of SI can generate long-term substantial improvements in social outcomes. Our analysis suggests that while CCTs have evidently produced a number of positive outputs they are not, on their own, enough to achieve the aim of reducing poverty. CCTs appear to be more effective in poverty alleviation when they are accompanied by – or form part of – a wider package of measures that enhance social and employment rights, integrating workers into the formal economy under better conditions. We conclude that unless the structural deficiencies that shape many of the Latin American welfare regimes are addressed, the potential of social investment policies, like CCTs, to combat poverty will remain limited.

Resisting austerity measures to social policies: multiple explanatory case studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1130-1140
Author(s):  
Patricia O’Campo ◽  
Alix Freiler ◽  
Carles Muntaner ◽  
Elena Gelormino ◽  
Kelly Huegaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Political Clout ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Budgeting

Abstract Since Margaret Thatcher reached power in the United Kingdom, European governments have increasingly turned to neoliberal forms of policy-making, focusing, especially after the 2008 Great Recession on ‘austerity policies’ rather than investing in social protection policies. We applied a multiple explanatory case studies methodology to examine how and why challenges and resistance to these austerity measures are successful or not in four settings for three different social policy issues: using a gender lens in state budgeting in Andalusia (Spain), maintaining unemployment benefits in Italy and cuts to fuel poverty reduction programs in Northern Ireland and England. In particular, we intended to learn about whether resistance strategies are shared across disparate cases or whether there are unique activities that lead to successful resistance to austerity policies. As our approach drew from realist philosophy of science, we started with initial theories concerning collective action, political ideology and political power of affected populations. Our findings suggest that there are similarities between the cases we studied despite differences in political and policy contexts. We found that joint action between advocacy groups was effective in resisting cuts to social spending. Evidence also indicates that the social construction of target populations is important in resisting changes to social programmes. This was observed in both England and Northern Ireland where pensioners held significant political clout.

scholarly journals How Inclusive are the Local Economic Impacts of Social Protection in Uganda?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Klara Kuss ◽  
Franziska Gassmann ◽  
Firminus Mugumya
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Social Transfers

AbstractInclusive growth and development are essential for the sustainability of poverty reduction and growth. Social protection has been promoted as part of the inclusive growth and development agenda by emphasising the positive impacts of social transfers on people’s participation in economic processes. However, the focus on the positive economic impacts of social transfers has led to the neglect of concerns regarding inequality of opportunity. Taking the case of Uganda’s Senior Citizens Grant, this paper critically assesses how inclusive the impacts of social transfers are on economic processes. This is done by examining the extent to which local economic structures interplay with the impacts of the Grant. Based on a qualitative case study design, the analysis reveals that the scheme has unwittingly reinforced spatial patterns of economic exclusion and disadvantage. Recipients in remote areas are more likely to stay or fall back into poverty compared to people in integrated areas. For social transfers to contribute to inclusive growth and development for all, it will be vital to invest in complementary development interventions in economically disadvantaged areas.

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