For God and Ulster, Self-Interest, or Social Networks?

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-81
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
History Of

Using survey and interview data, this chapter shows that the well-established idealist, rationalist, and structuralist explanations for participation in contentious political action do not fully explain loyalist parading. The chapter presents data from participants and comparable nonparticipants to assess the strength of the three models. It demonstrates that parade participants’ attitudes toward the Protestant in-group and Catholic out-group are not notably different from those of nonparticipants, that participants do not receive selective material incentives, and that pre-existing social networks do not differentiate participants and nonparticipants. The data do show that participation might be spurred by social sanctioning and that participants are more likely than nonparticipants to have a history of past parading. Overall, none of the three important existing theoretical approaches explain patterns of parade participation.

Utopophobia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Estlund
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Sound Theory ◽  
Theory Versus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Guidance

Throughout the history of political philosophy and politics, there has been continual debate about the roles of idealism versus realism. For contemporary political philosophy, this debate manifests in notions of ideal theory versus nonideal theory. Nonideal thinkers shift their focus from theorizing about full social justice, asking instead which feasible institutional and political changes would make a society more just. Ideal thinkers, on the other hand, question whether full justice is a standard that any society is likely ever to satisfy. And, if social justice is unrealistic, are attempts to understand it without value or importance, and merely utopian? This book argues against thinking that justice must be realistic, or that understanding justice is only valuable if it can be realized. The book does not offer a particular theory of justice, nor does it assert that justice is indeed unrealizable—only that it could be, and this possibility upsets common ways of proceeding in political thought. The book's author engages critically with important strands in traditional and contemporary political philosophy that assume a sound theory of justice has the overriding, defining task of contributing practical guidance toward greater social justice. Along the way, it counters several tempting perspectives, including the view that inquiry in political philosophy could have significant value only as a guide to practical political action, and that understanding true justice would necessarily have practical value, at least as an ideal arrangement to be approximated. Demonstrating that unrealistic standards of justice can be both sound and valuable to understand, the book stands as a trenchant defense of ideal theory in political philosophy.

O mundo urbano do trabalho no alvorecer da industrialização: o caso da Península de Setúbal

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Dias Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Industrial Areas

This article main goal is to deepen the understanding both a spatial reality and a historical process – the emergency of industrial areas and workers communities.  It seeks to illustrate, through an empirical and monographic research, several territorial and spatial phenomena related to the germination of intricate social networks in the workers neighborhoods and villages and the rise of the labor movement. It attempts to demonstrate that, if many questions still prevail concerning the relationships between economic structure and political action, it is clear that the origin of the workers mass associations is deeply related with industrialization, urbanization and the sociability framework resulting of both processes.

Dialect contact and phonological reallocation: “Canadian Raising” in the English Fens

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Britain
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
British English ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Allophonic Variation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Variable

ABSTRACTThis article reports on research carried out in the Fens in Eastern England, a region noted in the dialectological literature as the site of a number of important phonological transitions, most notably [] and [a – a:], which separate northern and southern varieties of British English. Recordings of 81 speakers from across the Fens were analyzed for the use of (ai), a particularly salient local variable. A “Canadian Raising” type of allophonic variation was found in the central Fenland: speakers in this area used raised onsets of (ai) before voiceless consonants but open onsets before voiced consonants, morpheme boundaries, and //. The article weighs a number of possible explanations for the emergence of this variation in the Fens. Based on compelling evidence from the demographic history of the area, it supports a view that such an allophonic distribution, previously thought not to be found in Britain, emerged as the result of dialect contact. The sociolinguistic process of koinéization that is commonly associated with post-contact speech communities (Trudgill 1986) is held responsible for the focusing of this allophonic variation from the input dialects of an initially mixed variety. The article concludes by suggesting a socially based explanatory model to account for the way that speakers implement processes of focusing and koinéization in areas of dialect contact. [English, dialects, contact, koiné, geographical linguistics, social networks, structuration theory)

scholarly journals Theorising the deaf body: using Lefebvre and Bourdieu to understand deaf spatial experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 147447402110036
Author(s):  
Dai O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Spatial Experience ◽  
Individual Basis ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

In the field of Deaf Geographies, one neglected area is that of the individual deaf body and how individual deaf bodies can produce deaf space in isolation from one another. Much of the work published in the field talks about collectively or socially produced deaf spaces through interaction between two or more deaf people. However, with deaf children increasingly being educated in mainstream schools with individual provisions, and the old social networks and institutions of deaf communities coming under threat by the closure of deaf clubs and changing work practices, more research on the way in which individuals can produce their own deaf spaces and navigate those spaces is needed. In this paper, I outline two possible theoretical approaches, that of Lefebvre’s productive gestures to produce social space, and Bourdieu’s habitus, capital and hexis. I suggest that these theories can be productively utilised to better understand the individual basis of the production of deaf spaces.

New results of Boda Claystone research: Genesis, mineralogy, geochemistry, petrophysics

2018 ◽  
Vol 482 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Fedor ◽  
Zoltán Máthé ◽  
Péter Ács ◽  
Péter Koroncz
Keyword(s):  
High Level Waste ◽  
Swelling Clays ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behaviour ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Porosity

AbstractBoda Claystone is a very tight clayey rock with extreme low porosity and permeability, nano-size pores and small amounts of swelling clays. Due to this character it is ideal as a potential host rock for research into the possibilities of high-level waste deposition in geological formation. Though the research started more than 30 years ago, the genesis, the geotectonic history of the Boda Claystone Formation (BCF) and the geology of surrounding areas has only been sketched out recently. On the basis of research of the past few years the process of sedimentation of different blocks was able to be reconstructed. Equipment and methodological developments were needed for the investigation of reservoir geological and hydrodynamic behaviour of this rock, which began in the early 2000s. Based on them the pore structure and reservoir could be characterized in detail. Only theoretical approaches were available for the chemical composition of free porewater. Traditional water-extracting methods were not adaptable because of excessively low porosity and nano-scale pore size distribution. Hence, new ways have to be found for getting enough water for analysis. These new results of BCF research help to prepare more sophisticated and directed experiments, in which there is a great interest internationally.

The Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy in the History of Economic Thought

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
William S. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Newtonian Mechanics ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
Economic Thinking

The development of economic thinking has seldom taken place entirely independently of developments in other disciplines. There is a long history of interdisciplinary influences among economics, mathematics, physics, biology, and philosophy. Among the most influential of these other disciplines has been physics. Numerous authors have attributed significant influence upon economics to Newtonian mechanics (Taylor 1960, Georgescu-Roegen 1971). The strength of that influence is perhaps best illustrated by William Stanley Jevons's proclamation of his attempt to reconstruct economics as “the mechanics of utility and self interest.“ Frank Knight, having observed what Jevons and others had wrought, concluded that mechanics had become the “sister science” of economics (Knight 1976, p. 85).

scholarly journals Coronavirus in Spain: Fear of ‘Official’ Fake News Boosts WhatsApp and Alternative Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Elías ◽  
Daniel Catalan-Matamoros
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
The State ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Public Media ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Official Sources

The communication of the Coronavirus crisis in Spain has two unexpected components: the rise of the information on social networks, especially WhatsApp, and the consolidation of TV programs on mystery and esotericism. Both have emerged to “tell the truth” in opposition to official sources and public media. For a country with a long history of treating science and the media as properties of the state, this very radical development has surprised communication scholars.

scholarly journals Setswana proverbs within the institution of lenyalo [marriage]: A critical engagement with the bosadi [womanhood] approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itumeleng D. Mothoagae
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge System ◽  
Christian Worldview ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Economic Transaction

Setswana proverbs point to the rich oral history of the Batswana people, their cosmology, morality, indigenous knowledge system, rituals, drama, sayings and memo scripts which are deeply embedded in memory. They emerged from reflections on existential experiences and animal behaviour. In her analysis of Proverbs 31:10�31 found in the Hebrew text, Masenya rereads this text in conjugation with her Northern Sotho proverbs regarding women from a bosadi [womanhood] approach. It is in this approach that she attempts to engage structures of �patriarchy� and the marginalisation of women�s identities. In so doing, the approach grapples with issues such as the mythological thinking of male dominance, cultural subjugation, gender equality, political marginalisation and economic transaction. The decolonial turn as a theoretical framework acknowledges the particularity and universality of cultures and knowledge. Whilst there is particularity among African cultures, there is also universality. In this article I will refer to Setswana proverbs in the context of marriage to engage the bosadi approach. It is the intention of this article to argue that proverbs such as lebitla la mosadi ke bogadi need to be contextualised within their historical location as well as within the context of the institution of lenyalo that is anchored in the practice of bogadi. Furthermore, there is a need to critically engage with terms such as patriarchy, oppression, structure and hierarchy. The paper will use the decolonial turn as a theoretical framework. A conclusion will be drawn from the discussion above.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article has an interdisciplinary approach, it touches on Historical analysis of Setswana Proverbs, the missionary era and the transition between �Setswana traditional� worldview and �Euro-Christian� worldview. Furthermore, it pertains to the understanding of the Proverbs within the custom of Lenyalo (marriage), boarders between anthropological, sociological and African philosophy approaches. The fundamental theoretical approaches used in this article is translational theory and decolonial turn, which is social sciences.

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