New results of Boda Claystone research: Genesis, mineralogy, geochemistry, petrophysics

2018 ◽  
Vol 482 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Fedor ◽  
Zoltán Máthé ◽  
Péter Ács ◽  
Péter Koroncz
Keyword(s):  
High Level Waste ◽  
Swelling Clays ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behaviour ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Porosity

AbstractBoda Claystone is a very tight clayey rock with extreme low porosity and permeability, nano-size pores and small amounts of swelling clays. Due to this character it is ideal as a potential host rock for research into the possibilities of high-level waste deposition in geological formation. Though the research started more than 30 years ago, the genesis, the geotectonic history of the Boda Claystone Formation (BCF) and the geology of surrounding areas has only been sketched out recently. On the basis of research of the past few years the process of sedimentation of different blocks was able to be reconstructed. Equipment and methodological developments were needed for the investigation of reservoir geological and hydrodynamic behaviour of this rock, which began in the early 2000s. Based on them the pore structure and reservoir could be characterized in detail. Only theoretical approaches were available for the chemical composition of free porewater. Traditional water-extracting methods were not adaptable because of excessively low porosity and nano-scale pore size distribution. Hence, new ways have to be found for getting enough water for analysis. These new results of BCF research help to prepare more sophisticated and directed experiments, in which there is a great interest internationally.

Long-Term Radioactivity Release from Solidified High-Level Waste - Part II Parametric Study of Waste form Properties, Temperature and Time

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich K. Altenhein ◽  
Werner Lutze ◽  
Rodney C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Salt Dome ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
Glass Block ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

The computer code QTERM has been used to calculate the total released activity from a single glass block when in contact with brine in a salt dome repository as a function of: (1) waste form properties, (2) leaching mechanisms, (3) retention or precipitation of specific radionuclides in surface layers, (4) thermal history of the repository and (5) decreasing activity as a function of time.

Leach Rates of High Level Waste and Spent Fuel. - Limiting Rates as Determined By Backfill and Bedrock Conditions.

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivars Neretnieks
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Porosity

The release rate of radionuclides from a degraded canister containing radioactive waste is controlled by diffusion through the backfill and by diffusion into the water flowing past the canister. In low porosity low permeability bedrock like the Swedish granites the amount of water which can be contaminated may be very small. Two sample cases are calculated. One uses the conditions for a repository for vitrified high level waste, the other applies to a repository for spent fuel. The small amount of water which can carry the waste in combination with the low solubilities for the major longlived actinides limit the release rate from the repositories to very small values.

scholarly journals Establishment of porosity and permeability models correlation to validate E.coli Transport to ground water aquifers: Rivers state of Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Ndubuisi Eluozo ◽  
J. O. Ademiluyi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Phase Condition ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
Rivers State

The evaluation of porosity and permeability models correlation on the migration of e.coli transport in deltaic environment has been assessed. This is to validate the model generated from the experimental analysis in the study location, this model are generated through the experimental results from both parameters, the theoretical values from both parameters confirm that the models generated is a bench mark that can be applied as a design criteria in preventing the migration of e.coli to ground water aquifer, it has also confirm that it plays a major role in fast transport of e.coli in deltaic environment, the figures displayed shows the level of deposition of geological formation in the study area, the study has also explain the migration of the microbes influenced by porosity and permeability, the results from the experiment that generated theoretical values for porosity and permeability were evaluated to see their relationship in terms of influence on the behaviour of the microbial transport as a system known as plug flow. the results has been confirm that without any inhibition from any other deposition, e.coli will be in progressive phase condition, therefore it is advise that the models generated from the study area should be applied in design of bore hole in other to prevent the pollution emanating from e.coli in the study area, finally the relationships verified from the study has a fit to the existing geological history of the study area that is predominant of alluvium deposition, this condition ascertain the reality of the experimental results generated from the study area ,it should be applied to avoid water related diseases and the threat of life

HLW Container Corrosion in Geological Disposal Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Helie ◽  
Georges Plante
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Aqueous Corrosion ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Waste Container ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
High Level

In order to prevent a possible return of activity to the biosphere, the current concept for High Level Waste disposal is to build a multi barrier system consisting of a slow leaching waste form, the waste container, backfilling materials and the geological formation. The main threat to the integrity of the container is aqueous corrosion and two concepts are currently accepted, one based on a thin “corrosion resistant” overpack, the other on a thick “corrosion allowance” canister.

scholarly journals THE APOTHEOSIS OF SITI KHOTIJAH: ISLAM AND MUSLIMS IN A BALINESE GALACTIC POLITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20
Author(s):  
Mark Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Ritual Studies ◽  
Hindu Tradition ◽  
Common View ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Alternative Reading

This article seeks to describe the way in which Gusti Ayu Made Rai, an eighteenth-century Balinese princess from Badung became Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah, one Indonesia’s few widely recognized female Muslim saints. In so doing I develop an alternative reading of the dynamics of the history of religion in Bali, countering the common view that it is a static monolithically Hindu tradition. Rather than turning inward as the surrounding areas embraced Islam, Balinese kingdoms sought to include Muslims and elements of Islam in scared narratives and geographies. Two distinct theoretical approaches are used in this analysis: the structural approach to indigenous Southeast Asian states pioneered by Robert Heine-Geldern in the early decades of the twentieth century and the performative approach to ritual studies developed by Victor Turner in the 1970s.

scholarly journals Comparison of microstructural features of three compacted and water-saturated swelling clays: MX-80 bentonite and Na- and Ca-purified bentonite

Clay Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Matusewicz ◽  
Markus Olin
Keyword(s):  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Cation Composition ◽  
Swelling Clays ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Water Saturated

AbstractThe planned final disposal repositories of spent nuclear fuel in several countries, including Finland, pose significant scientific challenges due to their extremely long lifespan. One of the key materials proposed for use in Posiva Oy's repository in Finland is MX-80 bentonite in a compacted, water-saturated state. Border cases of calcium and sodium forms of purified bentonite were included in this study. The MX-80 in the repository is expected to undergo cation exchange due to the composition of the groundwater. The clays were studied at different dry densities between 0.7 and 1.6 g cm–3. The microstructure of the water-saturated, compacted clays was investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, atomic force microscopy was used to characterize the shape and size of the fine-fraction clay platelets. As expected, the average shape of the fine fractions was smaller than the bulk material, but a more elongated shape was present in the purified material. Mainly due to sample density, the pore structure was noticeably different for the Na form of purified bentonite at 0.7 g cm–3 density, but at higher degrees of compaction, no significant differences were noted between the samples. The laboratory results obtained in this study could be useful for safety and performance analysis of this high-level waste repository where sodium bentonite is used and is expected to change its charge-compensating cation composition during the repository's lifetime. Microstructural data may be used in modelling of diffusion and sorption by surface complexation modelling, for example, or as a basis for mechanical and water transport models.

A Confrontation between Two Doctrines: The Birth of Struggle for Hegemony in Hebrew Children's Literature during the 1930s and 1940s

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAEL DARR
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Literary Quality

This article describes a crucial and fundamental stage in the transformation of Hebrew children's literature, during the late 1930s and 1940s, from a single channel of expression to a multi-layered polyphony of models and voices. It claims that for the first time in the history of Hebrew children's literature there took place a doctrinal confrontation between two groups of taste-makers. The article outlines the pedagogical and ideological designs of traditionalist Zionist educators, and suggests how these were challenged by a group of prominent writers of adult poetry, members of the Modernist movement. These writers, it is argued, advocated autonomous literary creation, and insisted on a high level of literary quality. Their intervention not only dramatically changed the repertoire of Hebrew children's literature, but also the rules of literary discourse. The article suggests that, through the Modernists’ polemical efforts, Hebrew children's literature was able to free itself from its position as an apparatus controlled by the political-educational system and to become a dynamic and multi-layered field.

A New Step in the Study of the History of the Russian Prosecutor’s Office

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

The paper is a review on the textbook by A. V. Yeremin, «The History of the National Prosecutor’s office» and the anthology «The Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Empire in the Documents of 1722–1917» (authors: V. V. Lavrov, A. V. Eremin, edited by N. M. Ivanov) published at the St. Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation in 2018. The reviewers emphasize the high relevance and high level of research, their theoretical and practical significance. The textbook and the anthology will help the students increase their legal awareness, expand their horizons.

“Ukrayinskyi Prapor” (1923—1932s): the Berlin period of the newspaper of the President of the Ukrainian National Council

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia Kulesha
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Editorial Staff ◽  
National Council ◽  
Soviet Rule ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
Paper Record ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Mainstream Press

The centenary of the Ukrainian Revolution (1917―1921s) made relevant the interest to the developments and the personalities of that time, specifically, to the personality of the President of the ZUNR, Petrushevych, Yevhen. The newspaper «Ukrayinskyi Prapor» founded in 1919 in Vienna, throughout its existence, was considered as an official print organ of the Dictator (i.e., Y. Petrushevych). The Vienna period of this publication lasted from August 1919 to mid-November 1923. From the end of November 1923 till April 1932, the paper was published in the capital of the Weimar Republic, Berlin. It was the only newspaper of the Ukrainian emigration published for the longest time in interwar Germany. It was an example of a socio-political periodical. There collaborated outstanding editors and publicists. The pages of this paper record the history of the diplomatic struggle of the West Ukrainian foreign representatives for the liberation of the Eastern Galicia from the protectorate of Poland and the restoration of Ukrainian statehood. Its materials documented the course of the occupation of the Eastern Galicia by Poland and the process of «Polonization» of the Ukrainian population of that region. The article explores the Berlin period of existence of the magazine. Specifically, it studies the changes in the ideological line of the magazine, more specifically, its pro-Soviet editorial orientation because of the illusions about the transformation of the national policy of the Soviet rule in Ukraine, especially during the period of Ukrainization. Then the traditional headings of the magazine were joined by the publications with positive coverage of the flourishing Ukrainianization in Soviet Ukraine. The newspaper also actively reacted to the SVU (Union for Liberation of Ukraine) trial in Kharkiv, justifying the position of the Soviet authorities. The paper’s editorial staff were well-known figures of Ukrainian politics, science, and culture: Yu. Bachynsky, O. Hrytsai, A. Zhuk, M. Lozynsky, R. Perfetsky, and others. They provided a high level of editorial content with high-quality, multifaceted texts. We conclude that in terms of the editorial content and formal aspects, the newspaper «Ukrayinskyi Prapor» matched the standards of the European mainstream press of that time.

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