Article 66 Urgency procedure

Author(s):  
Ludmila Georgieva

Article 4(21)–(22) (Definitions, supervisory authority and supervisory authority concerned); Article 60 (Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned); Article 61 (Mutual assistance) (see too recital 133); Article 62 (Joint operations of supervisory authorities) (see too recital 134); Article 63 (Consistency mechanism) (see too recital 135); Article 64 (Opinion of the Board), Article 65 (Dispute resolution by the Board) (see too recital 136); Article 70 (Tasks of the Board) (see too recital 136).

Author(s):  
Luca Tosoni

Article 4(16) (Definition of ‘main establishment’) (see too recital 36); Article 4(22) (Definition of ‘supervisory authority concerned’) (see also recital 36); Article 4(23) (Definition of ‘cross-border processing’); Article 4(24) (Definition of ‘relevant and reasoned objection’) (see too recital 124); Article 50 (International cooperation for the protection of personal data) (see too recitals 102 and 116); Article 55 (Competence of the supervisory authorities) (see too recitals 122 and 128); Article 56 (Competence of the lead supervisory authority) (see also recitals 124–128); Article 57(1)(g) (Supervisory authorities’ task to cooperate with other supervisory authorities) (see too recitals 123 and 133); Article 58 (Powers of supervisory authorities) (see too recitals 122 and 129); Article 61 (Mutual assistance) (see too recitals 123 and 133); Article 62 (Joint operations of supervisory authorities) (see too recital 134); Article 63 (Consistency mechanism) (see too recitals 13, 136 and 138); Article 64 (Opinion of the Board) (see also recitals 135–136); Article 65 (Dispute resolution by the Board) (see too recitals 136 and 143); and Article 66 (Urgency procedure) (see too recitals 137–138).


Author(s):  
Peter Blume

Article 50 (International cooperation for the protection of personal data); Article 56 (Competence of lead supervisory authority) (see too recitals 124–128); Article 57(1)(g) (Tasks of supervisory authorities); Article 60 (Cooperation between lead supervisory authority and supervisory authorities concerned) (see too recitals 130–31); Article 61 (Mutual assistance) (see too recitals 123 and 133).


Author(s):  
Luca Tosoni

Article 4(7) (Definition of ‘controller’); Article 4(8) (Definition of ‘processor’); Article 4(19) (Definition of ‘group of undertakings’); Article 56 (Competence of the lead supervisory authority) (see too recitals 124–128); Article 60 (Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned) (see too recitals 130–131); Article 65 (Dispute resolution by the Board).


Author(s):  
Luca Tosoni

Article 60 (Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned); Article 63 (Consistency mechanism); Article 65 (Dispute resolution by the Board).


Author(s):  
Luca Tosoni

Article 4(2) (Definition of ‘processing’); Article 4(21) (Definition of ‘supervisory authority’); Article 4(23) (Definition of ‘cross-border processing’); Article 52 (Independence); Article 56 (Competence of the lead supervisory authority); Article 60 (Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned); Article 63 (Consistency mechanism) (see too recitals 135 and 138); Article 64 (Opinion of the Board); Article 65 (Dispute resolution by the Board); Article 66 (Urgency procedure); Article 74 (Tasks of the Chair); Article 77 (Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority).


Author(s):  
Ludmila Georgieva ◽  
Matthias Schmidl

Article 4(21) (Definition of a supervisory authority); Article 36 (Advisory and other powers concerning prior consultation, national legislative measures and mandatory prior consultation or authorisation) (see too recital 94); Article 50 (Supervisory authorities to take steps to provide international mutual assistance in enforcement, including through investigative assistance) (see too recital 116); Article 52 (Exercise of powers with complete independence) (see too recital 117); Article 55 (Competence with regard to the exercise of powers, competence over public bodies) (see too recitals 122, 128 and 131); Article 57 (Tasks of supervisory authorities) (see too recitals 122, 123, 132 and 133); Articles 60(2) and 61 (Mutual assistance) (see too recital 133); Article 62 (Joint operations of supervisory authorities, including joint investigations and conferring of powers) (see too recitals 130 and 134); Article 90 (Possibility for Member States to adopt specific rules to set out supervisory authorities’ powers) (see too recital 164).


Author(s):  
Peter Blume

Article 50 (International cooperation) (see too recital 116); Article 51(2) (Obligation of supervisory authorities to cooperate to ensure consistency) (see too recital 124); Article 56 (Competence of lead supervisory authority) (see too recitals 124–128); Article 57(1)(g) (Tasks of supervisory authorities); Article 60 (Cooperation between lead supervisory authority and supervisory authorities concerned) (see too recitals 130–31); Article 62 (Joint operations of DPAs) (see too recital 134); Article 64(2) (Opinion of the Board in case of non-compliance with Articles 61 or 62) (see too recital 136).


Author(s):  
Christine Cheng

During the civil war, Liberia’s forestry sector rose to prominence as Charles Taylor traded timber for arms. When the war ended, the UN’s timber sanctions remained in effect, reinforced by the Forestry Development Authority’s (FDA) domestic ban on logging. As Liberians waited for UN timber sanctions to be lifted, a burgeoning domestic timber market developed. This demand was met by artisanal loggers, more commonly referred to as pit sawyers. Out of this illicit economy emerged the Nezoun Group to provide local dispute resolution between the FDA’s tax collectors and ex-combatant pit sawyers. The Nezoun Group posed a dilemma for the government. On the one hand, the regulatory efforts of the Nezoun Group helped the FDA to tax an activity that it had banned. On the other hand, the state’s inability to contain the operations of the Nezoun Group—in open contravention of Liberian laws—highlighted the government’s capacity problems.


1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Schoenbaum

Before 1991, the relationship between the protection of the environment and international trade was an arcane specialty that attracted little attention. In 1971 the GATT Council established a Working Group on Environmental Measures and International Trade. This group did not even meet for over twenty years.Everything changed with the decision in the Tuna/Dolphin I case, in which a GATT dispute resolution panel declared a United States embargo on tuna caught by fishing methods causing high dolphin mortality to be illegal. The Tuna/Dolphin I decision produced an explosion of rhetoric in both learned journals and the popular press. It was also a very interesting clash of very different “cultures,” trade specialists versus environmentalists. At die outset, neither group knew much about the other. Now, however, the legal and political issues have been identified and ventilated, mutual understanding has increased, and the process has begun to reconcile two values that are absolutely essential to the well-being of mankind: protection of the environment and international free trade.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Anna Rogacka-Łukasik

ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution), as a non-judicial resolution of disputes, is a wide range of mechanisms that aim to put an end to a conflict without the need of conducting a trial before the court. On the other hand, the modern form of ADR is ODR (Online Dispute Resolution) – an online dispute resolution system that is the expression of the newest means of communication and technical innovations in order to help in non-judicial dispute resolving. The goal of this publication is to present the ODR platform and, in particular, to describe the process of filing a complaint by the consumer by means of it.


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