Constructionism as Non-naturalism

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
Luciano Floridi
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ultimate Explanation ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Naturalistic Methodology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

Philosophical constructionism is far from being relativistic. This chapter will argue that it does not have to be naturalistic either. The discussion begins with a consideration of a strange predicament in which contemporary science seems to be caught. On the one hand, science holds a firm and reasonable commitment to a healthy naturalistic methodology, according to which explanations of natural phenomena should never overstep the limits of the natural itself. On the other hand, contemporary science is also inextricably and now inevitably dependent on ever more complex technologies, especially Information and Communication Technologies, which it exploits as well as fosters. Yet such technologies are increasingly ‘artificializing’ or ‘denaturalizing’ the world, human experiences, and interactions, as well as what qualifies as real. The search for the ultimate explanation of the natural seems to rely upon, and promote, the development of the artificial, seen here as an instantiation of the non-natural. In this chapter, I shall try and find a way out of this apparently strange predicament. I shall argue that the naturalization of our knowledge of the world is either philosophically trivial (naturalism as anti-supernaturalism and anti-preternaturalism), or mistaken (naturalism as anti-constructionism).

Research Ethics in the Social Sciences

2022 ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Gianluca Attademo ◽  
Alessia Maccaro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The formulation of Charts for research ethics and Codes of conduct has been growing in the last few decades, on the one hand due to a renewed awareness of the ethical dimensions of research governance and the relationship between regulators and researchers, and on the other hand for the expansion of possibilities achieved by innovation in information and communication technologies. The voluntary involvement of research participants, risk management and prevention, data protection, community engagement, reflexivity of researchers are some of the centres of gravity of a debate that involves researchers, institutions, and citizens.

Use of Information and Communication Technologies Tools to Capture, Store, and Disseminate Indigenous Knowledge

2017 ◽  
pp. 225-247
Author(s):  
Petros Nhlavu Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

This chapter explores the role played by Information and Communication Technology tools in the management of indigenous Knowledge in general. Of importance to note, therefore, is the fact that the emergence of Information and Communication Technology tools has opened new avenues in Indigenous Knowledge Management (IKM) which have the potential of playing important roles in the society by making the valuable knowledge available to everyone who recognizes and uses it. Given the nature of indigenous knowledge which is commonly exchanged through personal communication and demonstration exemplified as deriving from the master to the apprentice, from the parents to the children, from the one neighbour to the other and so on. Information and Communication Technology tools appear to be providing as a solution in forestalling the possible extinction of IK.

Use of Information and Communication Technologies Tools to Capture, Store, and Disseminate Indigenous Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 325-347
Author(s):  
Petros Nhlavu Dlamini
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

This chapter explores the role played by Information and Communication Technology tools in the management of indigenous Knowledge in general. Of importance to note, therefore, is the fact that the emergence of Information and Communication Technology tools has opened new avenues in Indigenous Knowledge Management (IKM) which have the potential of playing important roles in the society by making the valuable knowledge available to everyone who recognizes and uses it. Given the nature of indigenous knowledge which is commonly exchanged through personal communication and demonstration exemplified as deriving from the master to the apprentice, from the parents to the children, from the one neighbour to the other and so on. Information and Communication Technology tools appear to be providing as a solution in forestalling the possible extinction of IK.

scholarly journals Postmodernism as Discourse from Foucault to Habermas

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Loredana Terec-Vlad ◽  
Alexandru Trifu
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

During the last decades, the term postmodernity has been highly invoked, on the one hand, or ignored, on the other hand. It is a term that can be found in the writings of various philosophers and sociologists, and is almost ignored and less meaningful within the economic thinking.At first view and analysis, postmodernity is the successor of the modern age, modernity in other words. However, the concept has much deeper meanings; it regards the future, foreshadowing the new realities of today's world, which are very complex and dynamic, and come under endogenous and exogenous influences, activities and issues that are permanently under the influence of multiple and multidimensional challenges [7]. In fact, the period of globalization, of the new trends of the revolutionary ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), is believed to overlap the period of postmodernism.From the philosophical point of view, but also in consonance with the economic life and realities, the individuals and entities of any nature should be characterized by adaptability, the ability to respond promptly and appropriately to the impulses and reactions that affect that system.

scholarly journals INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, EDUCATION QUALITY AND CHALLENGES FOR FUTURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Vincentas Lamanauskas
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Education System ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Ict Implementation ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One ◽  
Learning Programming

Information and communication technologies are changing so rapidly, that it is hardly possible to react properly to all changes. First of all, the speech is about technological changes. This inevitably touches education system as well. A certain technological “overloading” is felt in all levels of the system. It is especially felt in comprehensive education sector. On the one hand, a big demand remains for teachers’ qualification in ICT field, on the other hand, the pressure increases for the younger generation to possibly master technologies earlier. In Lithuania, as in the other Baltic region countries, a lot of attention is paid to ICT implementation at schools. For example, in Estonia, even primary class children are already learning programming; the state also devotes much attention to this, first of all, financially. One of priority fields in Lithuania, declared in education policy since 2000, has been information and communication technology application in education system.

Responsibility, Jurisdiction, and the Future of “Privacy by Design”

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ugo Pagallo
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart Cards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Privacy By Design ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The One

This chapter focuses on some of the most relevant issues in today’s data protection: responsibility and jurisdiction are examined in the light of the principle of “privacy by design.” On one hand, both from the substantial and procedural points of view, national legal systems determine differently rights and duties in the field of data protection. On the other hand, these divergences can be overcome to some extent, by preventing privacy infringements through the incorporation of data protection safeguards in information and communication technologies. Although it is unlikely that “privacy by design” can offer the one-size-fits-all solution to the problems emerging in the field, it is plausible that the principle will be the key to understand how today’s data protection-issues are being handled. By embedding privacy safeguards in places and spaces, products and processes, such as Information Systems in hospitals, video surveillance networks in public transports, or smart cards for biometric identifiers, the aim should be to strengthen people’s rights and widen the range of their choices. On this basis, we can avert both paternalism modelling individual behavior and chauvinism disdaining different national provisions of current legal systems.

A Classification Scheme for Innovative Types in Scholarly Communication

2009 ◽  
pp. 216-226
Author(s):  
Svenja Hagenhoff ◽  
Björn Ortelbach ◽  
Lutz Seidenfaden
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The One ◽  
Efficient Distribution

Information and communication technologies seem to bring new dynamics to the established, but partly deadlocked, system of scholarly communication. Technologies are the basis for new publication forms and services which seem to enable a faster and more cost-efficient distribution of research results. Up to now new forms of scholarly communication have been described in the literature only in the form of single and often anecdotic reports. Despite the large number of papers in that area, no classification scheme for new forms of scholarly communication can be found. Therefore, this chapter aims at presenting such a classification scheme. It allows the description of new forms of scholarly communication in a standardized way. A structured comparison of new activities is possible. For this purpose, original publication media on the one hand and complementary services on the other are differentiated. With the help of morphological boxes, characteristics of both kinds of new means of scholarly communication are presented.

ICT for Development: Solutions Seeking Problems?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emotional Appeal ◽  
Technological Adoption ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Returns On Investment ◽  
Ict For Development

This paper investigates information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D) projects from around the world. It finds that computer and Internet promotion schemes usually fail despite active support, but mobile penetration in even the poorest countries is deepening organically. It argues that mobiles have emotional appeal because talking is a universal psycho-sociological propensity while the other two are principally utilitarian technologies that have to generate returns on investment. The search for killer apps is likely to be fruitless because technological adoption is conditional upon need and absorptive capacity. The paper raises questions about the continuing support for ICT4D among proponents.

scholarly journals A Review of Ontological Models Applied for the Assistance of Persons with Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Aurelio Rosales-Huamani ◽  
Jose Luis Castillo-Sequera ◽  
Fabricio Paredes-Larroca ◽  
Alberto Landauro-Abanto ◽  
Luis Zuloaga-Rotta
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Web Tools ◽  
Accessibility Barriers ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Technological Barriers ◽  
The One

At least 15% of the population in the world has some type of disability. Unfortunately, this population has the problem of facing various accessibility barriers, to which technological barriers are also added. One of the most relevant obstacles is the one that arises as a result of the development of the technology itself when using the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Therefore, the objective of this article is to review the main uses of the Semantic Web tools and to group them together in order to be able to propose the design and construction of more personalized and flexible systems, which allows to help people with disabilities to perform some type of activity using ICT, in this way, knowledge can be modeled in different domains related to people who have some type of disability, using ontologies, and some ontological models can be reused for various types of disability depending on the case study. The usefulness of this study is to reveal that with the models presented, it is possible to construct a Meta ontology that includes some or all areas of disability.

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