Landscape Connectivity

2019 ◽  
pp. 206-238
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. With
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Ecological Flows

Landscape connectivity is essential for maintaining ecological flows across landscapes. Processes as diverse as dispersal; gene flow; the flow of water, materials and nutrients; the spread of invasive species, diseases, or pests; or the spread of disturbances like fire, are all potentially influenced by the connectivity of different land covers and land uses. Landscape connectivity can be defined structurally as well as functionally. Landscape connectivity may therefore be treated as either an independent variable, in terms of studying how landscape connectivity influences ecological flows, or as a dependent variable in which landscape connectivity emerges as a consequence of how species or ecological flows interact with landscape structure. This chapter thus explores the different scales and ways in which connectivity can be measured and studied, providing a bridge between the previous chapter on landscape pattern analysis and the chapters that follow on the effects of landscape pattern on ecological processes.

To link landscape pattern with soil erosion risk at watershed scale based on SPSM model in the loess hilly area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liding Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Matrix Model ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Landscape Index ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis

<p>Linking landscape patterns to specific ecological processes has been and will continue to be a key topic in landscape ecology. However, the traditional landscape pattern analysis by landscape metrics inspired by patch-matrix model (PMM) may be difficult to reach such a requirement, and thus landscape pattern analysis to denote the significance of ecological process is strongly hindered. To find conceptual and methodological innovations integrating ecological processes with landscape patterns is important. In this paper, we proposed a conceptual model, i.e., the source-pathway-sink model (SPSM) by defining the role of each landscape unit to a specific process before conducting landscape pattern analysis. The traditional landscape matrices derived from the patch-matrix model is visual- or geometrical-oriented but lack of linkage to ecological significance. The source-pathway-sink model is process-oriented, dynamic, and scale dependent. This model as a complementary to the patch-corridor-matrix model can provide a simple and dynamic perspective on landscape pattern analysis. Based on the SPSM model, a landscape index was developed in term of the process of soil erosion, and further testified by using on-site measurements. It was found the new landscape index based on SPSM is useful in evaluating the risk of soil erosion from landscape pattern at watershed. Finally, a case study was conducted in the loess hilly areas to define the risk area of soil erosion that will be useful for sustainable land use management and optimization in future.</p>

Quantifying bias in pattern indices extracted from spatially offset landscape samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2090-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Castilla ◽  
Julia Linke ◽  
Adam J. McLane ◽  
Gregory J. McDermid
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Ecological Models ◽  
Response Variable ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis ◽  
Landscape Pattern Indices ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Surrounding Environment

Modern ecological models often account for the influence of the surrounding environment by using landscape pattern indices (LPIs) as measures of landscape structure. Ideally, the landscape samples from which these LPIs are extracted should be centered on the locations where the response variable was measured. However, in situations where this is not possible due to a lack of adequate full-coverage landcover data, the question arises as to what degree this circumstance creates a bias in the value of the LPIs, thereby obscuring their relation with the response variable. To address this question, we extracted four representative LPIs from 30 rectangular (3 × 6 km) landscape samples evenly distributed across a 10 000 km2 boreal forest study area. These rectangles were subjected to systematic displacements across a range of distances (0.5 to 2.5 km) and directions, after which we recomputed the LPIs. We found that a 1 km spatial offset led to an average of 15% deviation of original LPI values. Unfortunately, as the offset increased, the range of resulting deviations also widened, making it difficult to predict this effect. Our findings fill a gap in the literature on landscape pattern analysis and suggest that researchers should avoid LPIs extracted from spatially offset landscape samples.

scholarly journals Changes in county-scale landscape patterns in northern Fujian Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Xuncheng Fan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Study Case ◽  
County Scale

Based on the five-phase Landsat TM/ETM remote sensing image data, the remote sensing images were processed and the landscape pattern indices were calculated with the help of ENVI and FRAGSTATS software, respectively. Jian’ou city, a large agricultural city in northern Fujian Province, was used as a county-scale study case to explore its landscape pattern changes during the 20-year period from 1995 to 2015. The results show that the development intensity of Jian’ou city increased continuously from 1995 to 2010, the fragmentation of the landscape increased, the degree of aggregation decreased significantly, and the landscape structure became increasingly complex. After 2010, the landscape connectivity gradually became better, the degree of aggregation increased, and the landscape structure tended to be simpler.

Landscape Pattern Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-205
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. With
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis ◽  
Human Land Use

The analysis of landscapes and other spatial patterns is a major focus of landscape ecology, being essential to the study of how landscape patterns affect ecological processes. Landscape pattern analysis has become a sine qua non for environmental monitoring, natural resource management, landscape planning, sustainable development, and species conservation. The intensification of human land use is a major global-change issue, requiring an in-depth analysis of how landscapes are being transformed over time, as well as how anthropogenic disturbances compare to the natural disturbance regime. This chapter covers the types and availability of landscape data, such as from historical land surveys and remote sensing; how spatial data are processed and manipulated within a Geographical Information System (GIS); and finally, how to analyze landscape structure using landscape metrics and spatial statistics, including a discussion of best practices.

scholarly journals Land Use Dynamics and Optimization from 2000 to 2020 in East Guangdong Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3473
Author(s):  
Yong Lai ◽  
Guangqing Huang ◽  
Shengzhong Chen ◽  
Shaotao Lin ◽  
Wenjun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Land Use Dynamics

Anthropogenic land-use change is one of the main drivers of global environmental change. China has been on a fast track of land-use change since the Reform and Opening-up policy in 1978. In view of the situation, this study aims to optimize land use and provide a way to effectively coordinate the development and ecological protection in China. We took East Guangdong (EGD), an underdeveloped but populous region, as a case study. We used land-use changes indexes to demonstrate the land-use dynamics in EGD from 2000 to 2020, then identified the hot spots for fast-growing areas of built-up land and simulated land use in 2030 using the future land-use simulation (FLUS) model. The results indicated that the cropland and the built-up land changed in a large proportion during the study period. Then we established the ecological security pattern (ESP) according to the minimal cumulative resistance model (MCRM) based on the natural and socioeconomic factors. Corridors, buffer zones, and the key nodes were extracted by the MCRM to maintain landscape connectivity and key ecological processes of the study area. Moreover, the study showed the way to identify the conflict zones between future built-up land expansion with the corridors and buffer zones, which will be critical areas of consideration for future land-use management. Finally, some relevant policy recommendations are proposed based on the research result.

Analysis of Ecological Landscape Pattern Change in the Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2639-2644
Author(s):  
Gui Ying Liu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hua Lin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis ◽  
Rs And Gis ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Ecological Landscape ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation

In this paper, based on RS and GIS technology and landscape pattern analysis, the changes of ecological landscape in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone were analyzed from 1990 to 2005. Main results are as follows. There was a decreasing trend of wetland and forest from 1990 to 2005. The result of landscape pattern analysis showed that there was an increase in the degree of fragmentation of ecological landscape in the study area. The increased Perimeter-area fractal dimension indicated the shape of ecological landscape became more and more rules. Aggregation Index (AI) of lake increased from 86.0066 in 1990 to 86.123 in 2005, which showed that the overall aggregation degree of ecological landscape in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone is in rise.

Multiscale Effects of Grain Size on Landscape Pattern Analysis

Annals of GIS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce M. Francis ◽  
Jeffrey M. Klopatek
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis

scholarly journals Diet composition of the invasive red-whiskered bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus in Mauritius

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannie Fries Linnebjerg ◽  
Dennis M. Hansen ◽  
Nancy Bunbury ◽  
Jens M. Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Invasional Meltdown ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
The Impact

Disruption of ecosystems is one of the biggest threats posed by invasive species (Mack et al. 2000). Thus, one of the most important challenges is to understand the impact of exotic species on native species and habitats (e.g. Jones 2008). The probability that entire ‘invasive communities’ will develop increases as more species establish in new areas (Bourgeois et al. 2005). For example, introduced species may act in concert, facilitating one another's invasion, and increasing the likelihood of successful establishment, spread and impact. Simberloff & Von Holle (1999) introduced the term ‘invasional meltdown’ for this process, which has received widespread attention since (e.g. O'Dowd 2003, Richardson et al. 2000, Simberloff 2006). Positive interactions among introduced species are relatively common, but few have been studied in detail (Traveset & Richardson 2006). Examples include introduced insects and birds that pollinate and disperse exotic plants, thereby facilitating the spread of these species into non-invaded habitats (Goulson 2003, Mandon-Dalger et al. 2004, Simberloff & Von Holle 1999). From a more general ecological perspective, the study of interactions involving introduced and invasive species can contribute to our knowledge of ecological processes – for example, community assembly and indirect interactions.

Landscape Pattern Analysis of Land Use in Low Mount Hilly Land of Harbin Eastern Suburb

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 514-518
Author(s):  
Hai Hong Song ◽  
Yun Feng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Landscape Index ◽  
Patch Type ◽  
Landscape Pattern Analysis ◽  
Patch Shape ◽  
Patch Connectivity ◽  
Landscape Patch

This article analyzes the general characteristics and its causes of the landscape pattern of land use, taking the Tuanjie town of DaoWai district in Harbin as an example. Using GIS and Fragstats software to calculate a series of landscape index, the data show that Tuanjie town is given priority to with agriculture landscape, and the landscape patch connectivity is stronger; the overall landscape patch shape is complex, showing the human activities interfere significantly; and each patch type concentration and fragmentation is quite different. Therefore, based on the use of their own advantages, put forward reasonable suggestions to the landscape optimization of Tuanjie town land use.

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