The emergence of functions through metonymy and language contact
A function can emerge through a metonymical extension from one function to another. A function may have several properties or features. These are mainly logical implications of a given function. Each of these features may serve as a source for the emergence of new function. The metonymical extension may be coded by the same formal means as the function from which it emerged, or new formal means may be recruited to code the new function. The Chapter describes the emergence of functions coding the relationships between propositions. The initial state described here consists of the juxtaposition of two clauses without any conjunction in Lele. Out of this initial state four functions have emerged: a backgrounding function whereby one proposition constitutes a background for another; a sequential temporal relationship between the two propositions; the unexpected relationship between two propositions, and the most recent function that of coding counter-expectations.