Comparative study of the impact of two mechanical perforation densities on the behavior of a sandy soil

The effects of mechanical perforation densities by extracting soil cores through an aerator Vertidrain with a working width of 1.6 m and equipped with hollow tines spaced of 65 mm, were studied on a sandy soil of a grassy sward in the Golf Course El Kantaoui in Sousse (Tunisia). The mechanical aeration was performed at two densities: 250 and 350 holes/m2. The cone penetration resistance and soil water infiltration were measured. These parameters were performed at initial state before aeration (E0) and then on the 10th, 20th and 30th day after aeration. These results showed that perforation density of 350 holes/m2 had a positive effect on the soil by reducing its cone resistance to penetration compared to the initial state (Rp = 14.8 daN/cm2). At 5 cm depth the decrease in resistance to penetration was 34% and 43% on the 10th and 20th day after aeration, respectively. However, on the 30th day after aeration the soil resistance to penetration tended to grow and its value compared to the initial state decreased only by 21 and 26%, respectively, at 5 and 15 cm of depth only by 10% and 9% with 250 holes/m2 density. The soil water infiltration made a good improvement after aeration compared to the initial state. This parameter increased from 4.8 cm/h to 8.3, 10.9 and 13.1 cm/h with 250 holes/m2 density and to 10, 12.9 and 14.8 cm/h with 350 holes/m2 density on the 10th, 20th and 30th day following the aeration.

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The impact of residential septic tanks on soil water infiltration and groundwater contamination in Duhok city

Academic Journal of Nawroz University ◽

10.25007/ajnu.v7n4a297 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Shawkat A. Kochary ◽

Lamyaa M. Hasan Alnaqshabandi ◽

Hassan R. Abdo

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Soil Water ◽

Magnesium Carbonate ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Sodium Absorption ◽

Bacteriological Analysis ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

The Impact

This study was conducted to assess the impact of septic water on soil water infiltration in Duhok city potentiallycontaminating regional groundwater through designing a large-scaled laboratory physical model of vertical flowdirection packed homogenously with silt-Clay soil. The designed model was supplied with newly collected septicwater. With steady-state flow condition, the model was run, water samples were collected and analyzed weekly.Various parameters and constituents that may influence soil structure and water infiltration were examined including : Electrical conductivity, sodium, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate, residual sodium carbonate (RSC), pHc and adjusted sodium absorption ratio (adj. SAR). For assessing groundwater quality, bacteriological analysis were conducted. Analytical results were used to estimate the examined parameters and predict their future trends. Results revealed that electrical conductivity (EC) was accumulating until it reaches the carrying capacity. Sever hazard of (RSC) was detected within 25 meter depth. Average pHc was 6.74 indicating the tendency of lime (CaCO3) to precipitate from applied septic water. adj. SAR for port A and port B were 11.1 and 8.65 respectively which, caused severe soil deterioration, but on the other hand helped in decreasing the rate of contaminants transport for treatment within the soil before reaching the groundwater. Results of bacteriological analysis indicated that groundwater shallower than 31 meter was contaminated by fecal and total coliform bacteria. This study helped local authorities in establishing precaution strategies of groundwater management to protect public health.

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Impacts of Different Tillage Practices on Soil Water Infiltration for Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3155

Author(s):

Roua Amami ◽

Khaled Ibrahimi ◽

Farooq Sher ◽

Paul Milham ◽

Hiba Ghazouani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

No Tillage ◽

Infiltration Capacity ◽

Infiltration Process ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

The Impact

Over the years, cultivation using sustainable tillage practices has gained significant importance, but the impact of tillage on soil water infiltration is still a concern for landowners due to the possible effects on crop yield. This study investigates the impact of different tillage managements on the infiltration rate of sandy clay loam soil under a semiarid environment. Field experiments were conducted in Chott Mariem Sousse, Tunisia. The tillage practices consisted of three treatments, including a tine cultivator (TC, 16 cm), moldboard plows (MP, 36 cm) and no-tillage (NT). Three infiltration models, Kostiakov, Philip and Horton, were applied to adjust the observed data and evaluate the infiltration characteristics of the studied soils. Comparison criteria, including the coefficient of determination (R2), along with the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), were used to investigate the best-fit model. The results showed that moldboard plowing enhanced soil infiltration capacity relative to tine cultivation and no-tillage treatments. The mean saturated hydraulic conductivity was highest under MP, while it was lowest in NT, with 33.4% and 34.1% reduction compared to TC and MP, respectively. Based on the obtained results, Philip’s model showed better results with observed infiltration due to a higher R2 (0.981, 0.973 and 0.967), lower RMSE (3.36, 9.04 and 9.21) and lower MAE (1.46, 3.53 and 3.72) recorded, respectively, for NT, MP and TC. Horton’s model had a low regression coefficient between observed and predicted values. It was suggested that the Philip two-term model can adequately describe the infiltration process in the study area.

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