The Hard Arm of the State

The Border ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 110-145
Author(s):  
Martin A. Schain
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Border Control

In contrast to the orderly control of entry that follows policies and rules, the state must also deal with the breakdown of policy, and the failure to maintain its priorities. This chapter explores the hard arm of border control, and the instruments that have been used to deal with the enforcement and breakdown of policy. It begins by examining how the border is policed, and how policing deals with undocumented entry. It then looks at attempts to enhance the policing of the border with passenger name records and entry/exit systems. The chapter finally examines the increasingly widespread pattern of construction of fences and walls on both sides of the Atlantic, and explores detention and expulsion.

The Means and Meanings of Carceral Mobility

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-124
Author(s):  
Ethan Blue
Keyword(s):  
American West ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Private Space ◽  
Pacific Railroad ◽  
National Border ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

This chapter explores how trains and steamboats—the iconic engines of mobility, freedom, and transcontinental connection—also served nativist designs as the new technology for mobile captivity and national expulsion. Situated between the intersection of settler economy and rapid industrialization, the chapter’s transnational exploration of deportation trains dissects the private–public partnership between state agencies and the Southern Pacific Railroad. This partnership first detained and deported Chinese immigrants in the American West, and from that experience a “hybrid public–private space” was created as an engine of deportability that affirmed national border control through rapid locomotion. After being detained, the state placed Chinese and Mexican noncitizens aboard train cars where moving segregation and speedy expulsion ensured locomotive border control. This chapter argues that historians must adopt a “mobility turn” that moves beyond the permanence of fixed carceral structures and institutions to adopt a more transnational view where the coerced and confined dislocation of people is bound to the blur of carceral motion.

The borderization of waiting: Negotiating borders and migration in the 2011 Syrian civil conflict

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442094359
Author(s):  
SUZAN ILCAN
Keyword(s):  
Civil Conflict ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Control ◽  
City Street ◽  
Policy Program ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Border Controls ◽  
Depth Interviews

The past several decades has witnessed diverse techniques of border control and migrant experiences and negotiations of border controls. This article focusses on the spatio-temporal dimensions of border control that underscore the deceleration of migration movements and stimulate certain kinds of agency, processes that bring attention to what is referred to as the borderization of waiting. Drawing on and contributing to critical migration and border studies, the analysis first draws attention to city street protests in Syria that demanded political change, which in turn created powerful responses including the expansion of protests against the state, the circulation of fear by the state, and the movements of people out of Syria. It then demonstrates how the borderization of waiting during the 2011 Syrian civil conflict occurs at many different points along migrant journeys and encompasses not only precarity but also fear, insecurity, invisibility, and presence. This form of waiting encourages ‘agency-in-displacement,’ which involves strategizing journeys and negotiating inter-state military checkpoints, state territorial borders, and holding zones in order for people on the move to access safety and protection. The analysis draws on policy, program, and scholarly documents, and on a selection of fifty-five in-depth, interviews with Syrians, now resettled in Canada, about their experiences and negotiations of border controls during their departures from the civil conflict.

Legal Aspects of Protecting the State Border of the Republic of Poland during Pandemics

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Robert Socha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
World Health ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
International Threat

The problems raised in this article focus on the issues related to the solutions adopted by the Polish legislator as to the protection of the state border in the context of an international threat. The author presents the legal conditions related to the probability of temporary reintroduction of border control for persons crossing the state border regarded as an internal border of the European Union in the event of a threat to public health. The background for these considerations are legal regulations concerning the change in the organization of the protection of the state border of the Republic of Poland, as introduced due to the World Health Organization’s announcement of the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus leading to the COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals THE INSTITUTIONAL COMPETENCE OF THE BORDER CONTROL OF THE AIRSPACE OF LATVIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Artūrs Gaveika
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Available Resources

This paper reflects the problematic issues regarding the legal framework of Latvian airspace border control. Currently the legal framework in relation to airspace border control in Latvia is rather confusing and incomplete since there is no specific division between responsibilities of certain authorities and compliance to international airspace regulations as well as the competence of the NATO in the control of national airspace regime. Therefore it is essential to evaluate the functions and available resources of the State Border Guard as a law enforcement institution within the context of Border Guard law regarding the responsibility of the State Border Guard together with National Armed Forces in prevention and repelling of attacks on the airspace of the territory of Latvia.

Cities and Border Control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avner de Shalit
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Philosophical Argument ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Shrinking Cities ◽  
The City

Should we allow cities to control their borders, and issue permits to settle in the city? Some cities that have become extremely popular among immigrants wish to limit the number of immigrants who can settle in the city; contrariwise, some shrinking cities have asked to be allowed to issue permits to settle in the city even if the state is less open to immigration. Arguments for and against open city borders are analysed in Chapter 1 and it proves difficult either to support or dismiss the idea using a consistent and coherent philosophical argument. The chapter also discusses selective policies of migration to cities. It is claimed that such policies are morally justifiable, provided that they do not dismiss selectively but only encourage selectively.

Where Governmentality Ends: Border Control Officers and Deportations of Sojourners in Israel

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Korczyn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThis paper will shed light on the deportation process of visaless sojourners staying and working in Israel. I will explain how state bureaucrats, specifically border control officers of the Enforcement Unit of the Interior Ministry (in Hebrew,hamemune al bikoret hagvulot beyekhidat ha'akhifa, misrad hapnim) are able to conduct activities that cause suffering to sojourners while still viewing themselves as moral human beings, by breaking down the decision-making process into a series of dichotomic categories, by defining Zionism as a context that justifies deportation, and by governing their emotions. I claim that in Israel, state bureaucrats view sojourners as unmanageable and incorrigible. Consequently, deportation becomes a logical course of action. Such an approach, which stresses the bureaucratic aspect of national projects, enables a better understanding of how the “State” is able to perform large-scale projects that cause suffering to individuals.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Luis Martinez
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
The State ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Border Control ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Arab Uprisings

This chapter is the general introduction to The State in North Africa. After the Arab Uprisings. Until the Arab revolts, the process of state consolidation in North Africa was believed to be completed, and territory and border control came under state sovereignty. The governments of North Africa discovered with dismay that they were facing challenges that undermined this long task of territorial unification as well as the cultural and administrative harmonization undertaken in the wake of their independence. The introduction ends by presenting the general outline of the book.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SIMPLIFYING CONTROL PROCEDURES AT CROSSING POINTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
O. BOROVYK ◽  
◽  
L. BOROVYK ◽  
N. SURZHAVSKA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Database Management ◽  
Control Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Control Procedures

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the structure of the decision support system for the simplification of control procedures at road checkpoints across the state border. As a result of the research, the structure of the decision support system for simplification of control procedures at road checkpoints is proposed. The structure is based on the analysis of the border control process at road checkpoints and technological features of its simplification, analysis of decision support models for the organization and technology of border control simplification, as well as analysis of problematic aspects of their implementation and identification of possible solutions. The article substantiates that the basis of the database management system models of the studied decision support system should be a model for determining the need for simplification of border control at road checkpoints, a model for determining the duration of simplification of border control and a model for selecting appropriate control actions for individuals and vehicles. queues. The basis of the database management system of the studied decision support system should be databases relating to the situation at the checkpoint, which changes dynamically over time, the characteristics of the queue of vehicles, tactical and technical characteristics of those vehicles from which the queue may be formed. car checkpoint, departmental database "Gart - 1 P", a database concerning the rules of crossing the state border, a database of information signs of offenses at the state border and risk profiles.

scholarly journals Varde: geneza in pregled novel Zakona o varstvu javnega reda in miru in Zakona o nadzoru državne meje

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Flander ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Border Control ◽  
National Assembly

The article presents the genesis and content of the amendments to the Protection of Public Order Act and the State Border Control Act, which were proposed by the opposition and adopted by the National Assembly at the end of September 2020 to limit the operation of the vigilant guards. The amendments prohibited and sanctioned the carrying or display of imitations of weapons and weapons-like objects to create the appearance that a person is performing the duties of officials or military personnel. They also prohibited and sanctioned the wearing of uniforms or clothing similar to the uniforms of officials or military personnel if a person, by his or her conduct or presence in a particular public or private place, creates the appearance of performing the duties of officials or military personnel. Time will tell how the police will implement the amendment and what the adopted amendments mean in practice.

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