Preventivno delovanje za varnost v lokalni skupnosti – projekt »Akademija detektiva Frančeka«

Approaches to carrying out preventive and other community policing activities can be very different. They mostly depend on the police officer's ingenuity and self-initiative, no matter what role he holds in the police. One of the most common methods of working in communities is the implementation of prevention projects. To solve problems in the field of crime, traffic safety, illicit drugs, breaches of public order, we are working in cooperation with the local community with the help of the already resounding traditional prevention project »Academy of Detective Franček« (hereinafter ADF). The goal of cooperation with the community is the same – to achieve greater safety and security in the local environment. Today, safety presents an important value in life. Consequently, the police need to cooperate with the local community, and it is especially important to present the police's work to the younger population. It is necessary to develop a positive attitude toward the preventive action of the police among children.

Pravni ukrepi občin v času razglašene epidemije covida-19 z vidika varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih

New virus SARS-CoV-2 (hereinafter COVID-19) has reached the Republic of Slovenia in February 2020. On March 12th, 2020, the state has announced the epidemic. In this context, the Government of the Republic of Slovenia began to adopt different measures to protect the population and stop spreading the virus COVID-19. All local communities had to act according to the government’s decisions. In this contribution, we present an analysis of some cases and praxis in local communities. We have analysed some actions of local authorities (mayors and local councils) in the context of fighting against the spread of the virus COVID-19 among the local population. The analysis also includes an overview of local legal regulations and activities of local security authorities (local-community wardens and local community inspectorates) in the fight against the spreading of the COVID-19 virus. The minority of Slovenian communities have adopted some »special lock-down measures«. The way that these activities were legally processed is shown in the last part of this contribution.

Varde: geneza in pregled novel Zakona o varstvu javnega reda in miru in Zakona o nadzoru državne meje

The article presents the genesis and content of the amendments to the Protection of Public Order Act and the State Border Control Act, which were proposed by the opposition and adopted by the National Assembly at the end of September 2020 to limit the operation of the vigilant guards. The amendments prohibited and sanctioned the carrying or display of imitations of weapons and weapons-like objects to create the appearance that a person is performing the duties of officials or military personnel. They also prohibited and sanctioned the wearing of uniforms or clothing similar to the uniforms of officials or military personnel if a person, by his or her conduct or presence in a particular public or private place, creates the appearance of performing the duties of officials or military personnel. Time will tell how the police will implement the amendment and what the adopted amendments mean in practice.

Tehtanje strahu pred kriminaliteto

Fear of crime has been a frequent research topic for the past 50 years. The number of publications on the subject of fear of crime has been growing exponentially over the years. As a social problem, it has many consequences for different society areas, so it is studied by researchers in various scientific disciplines, from criminology to geography. Research on fear of crime has been the subject of numerous allegations regarding the inadequate theoretical definition and insufficient measurement of the phenomenon. The paper summarizes some of the criticisms and improvements in the measurement process that have led to valid and reliable conclusions of the crime fear investigation.

Varnostno samoorganiziranje državljanov – med teoretičnim konceptom in slovensko deklarativno prakso

Security self-organization is a natural right of an individual and a social group. Still, this right is, in conditions of a high degree of institutionalization of security systems, (partially) regulated by the states – both in declarative and legal manners. In Slovenia, this right has been explicitly provided in the resolutions of the national security strategy (1993, 2001, 2010, 2019), as well as in some key legislation from the field of the internal security system, the defence system, and the system of protection against natural and other disasters. Given that there has been no excessive interest in security self-organization in the last three decades in practice, it seems that also the state did not put many interests in the development of this area, neither in terms of support nor in terms of restrictions. However, the sudden appearance of the paramilitary guards (slov. varde) has initiated a vigorous debate in the professional and lay public, showing that a fair share of civil society and security professionals are unwilling to tolerate security self-organization that tries – self-proclaimed and self-assessed – to fill the security deficit of state organizations.

Kriminaliteta v občinah ob schengenski meji

The paper focuses on the crime analysis in the 32 municipalities at the Schengen border in the period 2010–2019. The results of the analysis of police crime statistics show that crimes against property present the most frequent form of crime in municipalities at the Schengen border, followed by forgery of documents, threat, the prohibited crossing of the state border or territory, counterfeiting or destruction of business documents, and minor bodily injury. In the analysed period, the number of crimes against public order and peace increased significantly (especially number of crimes of the prohibited crossing of the state border or territory), which can be [at least partially] attributed to the migrant crisis in recent years. In the period 2010–2019, these forms of crime increased mainly in the following municipalities Brežice, Cirkulane, Ilirska Bistrica, Krško, Podlehnik, Razkrižje and Šentjernej. Overall, the number of crimes, similarly as elsewhere in Slovenia, increases with the size of the municipality and the number of population in the municipality.

Varnost uporabnikov kibernetskega prostora: analiza zaznav med prebivalci v urbanih in ruralnih okoljih

The paper focuses on the comparison of safety and security of cyberspace users in urban and rural environments. The study involved 1,158 participants from 100 municipalities across Slovenia. Findings showed that residents of urban and rural settings were most frequently victimized with the following threats: 1) pop-up windows that required re-entering of the user name and password to obtain users’ data, 2) receiving a fake email with the infected attachment, and 3) fake online advertising. Residents in both environments highlighted that they feel most vulnerable to receiving a fake e-mail with the infected attachment. Moreover, they expose this threat and extortion with their own sexually explicit materials as those that would cause them the most harm.

Kriminaliteta v Ljubljani v času pandemije covida-19

At a time when the world is faced with exceptional conditions and governments are taking various precautions to prevent the spread of the COVID-19, in addition to social life, trends in crime are also changing. According to world experts, reported crime fluctuates, but most forms of crime are in decline. After reviewing police statistics for the period from 1. January to 31. August 2020, in Ljubljana and comparing them with the same period in 2019, we found that reported crime had decreased. A total number of offences and misdemeanours have declined, as have robberies, thefts, burglaries, and domestic violence. The Institute of Criminology, online media, and newspapers in Slovenia have reported an increase in domestic violence, while some also reported a rise in thefts and burglaries in the country. Cybercrime is expected to increase in the future as more people and businesses move online due to the newly formed conditions, using online services, which poses new risks and opens up new opportunities for perpetrators.

Zadovoljstvo prebivalcev z zagotavljanjem varnosti v različno urbaniziranih lokalnih skupnostih

To be as effective as possible, approaches to the provision of safety and security must be tailored to the needs of local communities and residents’ expectations. The paper presents findings of a survey on Slovenian residents’ (n = 1,062) satisfaction with the provision of security and their feelings of safety in the local environment. The research aimed to determine how satisfied are residents with safety in general and security institutions in their local communities and whether there are any differences in these perceptions between residents from different local communities in terms of their degree of urbanisation. The results showed that regarding the provision of security, respondents are most satisfied with the work of police and less with the wardens and the local municipality government. Respondents are the least satisfied with security institutions in rural parts of Slovenia. At the same time, we did not find any significant differences between residents’ satisfaction with security institutions in more urbanised parts of the country. Most respondents feel very safe, but residents living in individual houses feel safer than respondents from multi-apartment buildings.

Občina Ljutomer – s pametnim prometnim načrtovanjem do varnejšega in prijaznejšega življenjskega okolja

Sustainable mobility is a phrase that began to be used more frequently in Slovenia only after 2010. It is about moving in a sustainable way, including walking, cycling, public passenger transport, and similar forms of participating in traffic. The Ministry of Infrastructure took the first steps towards introducing green transportation at the national level by providing the funding for a comprehensive transportation strategy in the Municipality of Ljutomer. The municipality of Ljutomer has changed the entire system of spatial and traffic planning, which was previously designed traditionally, which meant developing models to increase the flow of vehicles on the roads and adapting the traffic regime to motor vehicles. Since then, several measures have been implemented in Ljutomer in the field of sustainable mobility, which consequently affects the safety and friendliness of the environment in which citizens live.