Montaigne on Truth and Skepticism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Miernowski
Keyword(s):  
Good Faith ◽  
Negative Theology ◽  
The World ◽  
Pyrrhonian Skepticism

The incipit of the Essays presents it as a book of good faith. The truthfulness of this claim has traditionally been seriously called into question given how extensively ironic and deeply self-contradictory Montaigne’s text is. In this article I argue that Montaigne’s opening statement about good faith should not be understood as the author’s claim, but rather as a dramatic call addressed to the reader. According to Montaigne, truth is beyond our reach since we deal only with our own “phantasies” about God, the world, and ourselves. Most notably, Montaigne’s Pyrrhonian skepticism, ontologically framed by Cusanus’s negative theology, is also merely a “phantasy.” The solution to such radical epistemological negativity is neither the indefinite irresolution of Montaigne’s discourse nor his resignation to the spontaneous flow of life. The solution may only come from the reader who is asked to trust in a book intended as a “dissimilar sign” of truth.

Hegels negative Dialektik

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-403
Author(s):  
Andreas Gelhard
Keyword(s):  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Speculative Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
Pyrrhonian Skepticism ◽  
Negative Dialectic ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Practical Dimension ◽  
Pyrrhonian Scepticism

AbstractHegel’s approach to ancient scepticism is often discussed only in the context of epistemological questions. But it is also of crucial importance for his practical philosophy. Hegel draws on central figures of Pyrrhonian scepticism in order to subject Kant’s antinomies – i. e., Kant’s cosmology – to a fundamental revision. He radicalises Kant’s sceptical method to “self-completing scepticism”. At the same time he gives Kant’s concept of the world a practical twist: In Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit, world means an inhabited sphere in which powers and counter-powers are in conflict with each other. In doing so, he opens up the tradition of negativist thinking in political philosophy, which ranges from Marx and Adorno to the current theories of radical democracy. When Hegel calls Pyrrhonian skepticism a “negative dialectic”, he thereby marks what he views as a deficit: the inferiority of Pyrrhonian skepticism to speculative philosophy. However, it is precisely the practical dimension of Hegel’s dialectic that suggests that the sceptical motives of his thinking should be given great weight. This can be seen most clearly in Hegel’s concept of Bildung, which defines emancipation processes as the reactivation of open power relations in static conditions of domination.

The Taming of the Prophet Harris

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 59-95
Author(s):  
David A. Shank
Keyword(s):  
Good Faith ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Culture Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

AbstractWe have looked at illustrations from a process going from a culture gap in inter-personal contacts, to rapidly scrawled notes—sometimes in a French transcription of heard English, edited in a filled-out synthesis in French, then translated and edited in English, then re-edited and published as a 'full account.' At every stage of the process, one may observe mutations, governed no doubt in large part by the major preoccupation of legitimation of the Wesleyan mission, in all good faith. And it produced the dominant interpretation of the Prophet Harris. The reconstructed message did greatly profit Methodist developments, even though many Harrists could not accept the Wesleyan claim to Harris's authorization of their mission. More important, the Methodists did not stand up as his spokesperson for 'Ethiopian' ways of conjugality ; on the contrary, they used his legitimation to sanction a monogamous discipline. An inherent contradiction was present in that a ministry which they could accept but not fully approve, was used to validate their own. But even more, the Wesleyan Mission clearly did not become a spokesperson for Harris's warnings to the colonial authorities, nor did they wish to seek legitimate authorization for Harris's return ministry in the French colony.37 The consequences of these differences were to have all kinds of implications for the future relationships between Methodists and the Harrists, for whom even today the name and reputation of the white 'Pasteur Benoit' have become ignominious. But in the process, important information was also recorded to permit us to enter into a better understanding of the phenomenal prophet on his own terms, and recognizing—in his own language—that 'God moves in mysterious ways... and uses the foolish things in the world to confound the wise.'38

scholarly journals SMART CONTRACTS COMO UMA TECNOLOGIA DECISIVA NA GESTÃO JURÍDICA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Regert ◽  
Sabrina Frigotto ◽  
André Lemuel Ferreira Krieguer ◽  
Pedro Henrique Willimann dos Anjos ◽  
Jaquelyne Maria Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Autonomy Of Will

Os contratos são negócios jurídicos bilaterais que regulam acordos de vontades. Vários princípios precisam ser analisados quando se trata deste tema, dentre eles, sobretudo o da autonomia de vontade, da força obrigatória, da boa-fé e do consensualismo. Em tempos de pandemia, pode ficar difícil consultar um advogado de maneira presencial para redigir um contrato, é neste contexto que se apresentam os Smart Contracts (Contratos Inteligentes). O presente estudo, portanto, possui o escopo de analisar os Smart Contracts como um método alternativo para a situação atípica na qual o mundo atualmente se encontra. Buscará também salientar quais são os pontos positivos e negativos da contratação em meio virtual, como também da tecnologia reguladora no contrato digital. Para os fins buscados, quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, a pesquisa foi de natureza básica, com abordagem qualitativa, objetivo exploratório e bibliográfico do tipo narrativo. Os contratos inteligentes são promissores no cenário atual, em virtude de seu desenvolvimento ser realizado com tecnologia de extrema segurança, constituindo-se em grandes facilitadores na elaboração de acordos. Tendem a popularizar-se cada vez mais em um futuro próximo. Palavras-Chave: Contratos. Smart Contracts. Pandemia. Abstract: Contracts are bilateral legal deals that regulate will agreements. Several principles need to be analyzed when it comes to this theme, among them, especially that of autonomy of will, mandatory strength, good faith and consensualism. In times of pandemic, it can be difficult to consult a lawyer in person to draft a contract, it is in this context that Smart Contracts are presented. This study, therefore, has the scope of analyzing Smart Contracts as an alternative method for the atypical situation in which the world currently finds itself. It will also seek to highlight the positive and negative aspects of hiring in a virtual environment, as well as the regulatory technology and the digital contract. For the purposes sought, regarding the methodological aspects, the research was of a basic nature, with a qualitative approach, exploratory and bibliographic objective of the narrative type. Smart contracts are promising in the current scenario, due to their development being carried out with extremely secure technology, constituting great facilitators in the elaboration of agreements. They tend to become more and more popular in the near future. Keywords: Contracts. Smart Contracts. Pandemic.

The circumnavigation of Greenland–first attempt 1977–78

Polar Record ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (122) ◽  
pp. 489-491
Author(s):  
Wally Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Good Faith ◽  
Scientific Programme ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
North West ◽  
The World ◽  
North Polar

The object of the British North-Polar Expedition 1977–79 was for Allan Gill and myself to make the first circumnavigation of Greenland by dog sledge and umiak, beginning and ending at Thule in north-west Greenland (Fig 1). This 13 000 km journey estimated to take 16 months, was, I felt, one of the most interesting routes that a polar traveller could take; around the Greenland coast there is a greater variety of climate, scenery and physical obstacles than is likely to be encountered along a coastline of comparable length anywhere else in the world. I was convinced that as a literary and filming project this was an expedition that would justify not only the financial outlay, but also the good faith of all of those who had supported the project against the criticism that no polar journey is worthwhile unless it has a well conducted and acceptable scientific programme.

The Rise of

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Gannagé
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Negative Theology ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
First Philosophy

On First Philosophy is the most emblematic work of Abū Yūsuf Ya‛qūb b. Isḥāq al-Kindī’s (ca. 801–ca. 870) surviving treatises. Aiming primarily to prove the oneness of God, the surviving part of the treatise consists of four chapters that form a consistent unit. The chapter provides a close reading of and commentary on the four chapters and shows how the texts unfold by following a very tight argument leading to the thesis toward which the whole treatise seems to aim: the true One, who is the principle of unity and hence the principle of existence of all beings, on the one hand, and the absolutely transcendent God, which can be approached only through a negative theology, on the other, are one and the same principle. In the meantime, al-Kindī would have demonstrated the noneternity of the world and shown the impossibility of finding sheer unity in the sensible world.

On Discerning Good Faith from Bad Religion

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-468
Author(s):  
Wallace M. Alston
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Faith Traditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

The preaching function of the ministry marks the church as the holy community of God in the world as it nurtures and reforms the language of faith, traditions the faithful in a Christian past, and reflects on the crucial crises of historical events in the light of Jesus Christ.

Pyrrho and Pyrrhonism

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-194
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Gowans
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Sextus Empiricus ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Emotionally Troubled ◽  
The World ◽  
Pyrrhonian Skepticism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

The chapter argues that Pyrrho and ancient Pyrrhonian skepticism (specifically, Sextus Empiricus) are plausibly interpreted as accepting a self-cultivation philosophy, though in somewhat different senses and with some qualification. For both, the existential starting point is an emotionally troubled life rooted in beliefs about the world, and the ideal state of being is a life of tranquility without these beliefs and guided by appearances. It is difficult to say what spiritual exercises Pyrrho thought were needed to achieve the ideal state: perhaps learning his philosophy and habituating ourselves to follow it. However, for Sextus, employment of skeptical arguments was the primary exercise. Since neither Pyrrho nor Sextus supposed we could make assertions about the specific nature of things, neither had a philosophy of human nature in a straightforward sense. Nonetheless, presentations of their outlooks betray some perspective on this (e.g., about the relationship between absence of belief and tranquility).

scholarly journals Ch.9 Patents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Correa Carlos Maria
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
National Level ◽  
Trips Agreement ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Patent Laws ◽  
The World

This chapter explores the issue of patentability. Article 27.1 of the Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement stipulates that ‘patents shall be available for any inventions’. As with most patent laws in the world, the Agreement does not define what an invention is. The plain wording of Article 27.1 suggests that Members have been left room to define ‘invention’ within their legal systems, in good faith, subject only to the application of the method of interpretation set out by the Vienna Convention. However, the interpretation of the obligation to patent ‘any inventions’ raises many important policy issues, such as the extent to which Members are bound to confer patents over discoveries, particularly over substances found in nature such as genes. Although Members can adopt a more expansive concept at the national level, they are not obliged to grant patents to what is not ordinarily considered an ‘invention’. Thus, they are not obliged to grant patents over genes.

scholarly journals The Oracle of Big Data – Prophecies without Prophets

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Gransche
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Slippery Slope ◽  
Complex World ◽  
The World

The need for foreknowledge intensifies and a prophetic promise of today’s palm readers causes us wet palms: letting the world speak for itself. Big Data comes with the promise of enabling people to listen to that speaking world and of gaining accurate foreknowledge by Big Data predictions. The uncertainty of our modern, complex world overstrains our present coping capabilities, causing a feeling of slipping off a slippery slope, which in turn causes a need for increasing our own foreknowledge. Part of the Big Data promise is to grant better foreknowledge by overcoming the wrongness of scientific theory or causation assumptions. But thus, people have no other option than to believe in these results and perform their actions in good faith. This makes Big Data based outcomes a matter of faith. This article argues that Big Data based outcomes can be seen as today’s oracle, as prophecies without prophets and reflects on the consequences of that perspective.

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