Segregation, Stigma, and Stratification: A Biosocial Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Massey ◽  
Brandon Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Human Capital Formation ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Concentrated Poverty ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Post Industrial

This chapter reviews research on segregation’s effect in generating concentrated poverty and stigma, and it explores the biological consequences of exposure to these conditions for health and socioeconomic status. High levels of segregation interact with high levels of poverty to produce concentrated poverty for African Americans and Hispanics in many metropolitan areas. In addition to objective circumstances of deprivation, the concentration of poverty also brings about the stigmatization of the segregated group. The differential exposure of Blacks and Hispanics to concentrated neighborhood disadvantage and its correlates, in turn, functions to shorten telomeres, increase allostatic load, and alter gene expression in deleterious ways. In so doing, it compromises health and cognitive ability, the two critical components of human capital formation, thus systematically undermining the socioeconomic prospects of African Americans and Hispanics in today’s post-industrial, information economy.

scholarly journals Adipose tissue 11βHSD1 gene expression, βcell function and ectopic fat in obese African Americans versus Hispanics

Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Gyllenhammer ◽  
Tanya L. Alderete ◽  
Swapna Mahurka ◽  
Hooman Allayee ◽  
Michael I. Goran
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Ectopic Fat

scholarly journals Identification of unique venous thromboembolism-susceptibility variants in African-Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (04) ◽  
pp. 758-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Armasu ◽  
Bryan McCauley ◽  
Iftikhar Kullo ◽  
Hugues Sicotte ◽  
Jyotishman Pathak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
White Women ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

SummaryTo identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in African-Americans (AAs), we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of VTE in AAs using the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network, comprised of seven sites each with DNA biobanks (total ~39,200 unique DNA samples) with genome-wide SNP data (imputed to 1000 Genomes Project cosmopolitan reference panel) and linked to electronic health records (EHRs). Using a validated EHR-driven phenotype extraction algorithm, we identified VTE cases and controls and tested for an association between each SNP and VTE using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, stroke, site-platform combination and sickle cell risk genotype. Among 393 AA VTE cases and 4,941 AA controls, three intragenic SNPs reached genome-wide significance: LEMD3 rs138916004 (OR=3.2; p=1.3E-08), LY86 rs3804476 (OR=1.8; p=2E-08) and LOC100130298 rs142143628 (OR=4.5; p=4.4E-08); all three SNPs validated using internal cross-validation, parametric bootstrap and meta-analysis methods. LEMD3 rs138916004 and LOC100130298 rs142143628 are only present in Africans (1000G data). LEMD3 showed a significant differential expression in both NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Mayo Clinic gene expression data, LOC100130298 showed a significant differential expression only in the GEO expression data, and LY86 showed a significant differential expression only in the Mayo expression data. LEMD3 encodes for an antagonist of TGF-β-induced cell proliferation arrest. LY86 encodes for MD-1 which down-regulates the pro-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide; LY86 variation was previously associated with VTE in white women; LOC100130298 is a non-coding RNA gene with unknown regulatory activity in gene expression and epigenetics.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.

scholarly journals INFORMATION ECONOMY: A NEW PARADIGM FOR ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Inna KOTKALOVA-LYTVYN
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Society ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Economic Outlook

The article investigates essence and content of the information economy, which, at the present stage of the global ecosystem is changing traditional narratives of economic theory. Article studies influence of post-industrial society to the origin of the information economy paradigm statements and its ecosystem. The author systematized conceptual provisions of foreign and domestic scientists on the essence and content of the information economy in the context of the evolution of development of this economic paradigm (starting from theory’s inception in 60s of the twentieth century up to modern theoretical and methodological developments). Based on research, the author concluded that the information economy is not just post-industrial wave of development. It is a separate, independent paradigm of world economic outlook, which is the result of evolutionary changes in the technological, economic, political and social arrangement on the general international level.

African Americans and Post-Industrial Labor Markets.

ILR Review ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Jessica Gordon Nembhard ◽  
James B. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Industrial Labor ◽  
Post Industrial

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Link
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Society ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Henry Ford ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Post Industrial

This concluding chapter explains that American-style postwar “Fordism” was only one pattern in the mottled global legacy left behind by Henry Ford. It was not the least ideological effect of American hegemony that in the 1960s modernization theory could universalize this unique historical arrangement — what can be called “high mass-consumption” — as the target of successful development itself. Responding to the crisis of the 1970s and 1980s, social scientists added a next phase: “Post-Fordism” or “post-industrial society” signaled deindustrialization to some and the promise of a “service and information economy” to others. What united these constructs was a thinking in sequential stages, a preoccupation with national patterns of development, and a theory of causation centered on self-generating forces. It has become clear that cycles of industrialization and deindustrialization are inseparable from concerted efforts to restructure the global division of labor, that productive dual-use technologies are fiercely contested by states and corporations alike, that investment and disinvestment cannot be dislodged from contests over the terms of globalization, and that capital has no autonomous power outside of the designs and struggles of political actors.

Introduction

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Mutula
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Information Economics ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Learning Society ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Post Industrial

The ‘Digital economy’ is sometimes used synonymously with ‘information society’, which emerged back in the 1960s to describe a futuristic society that is highly dependent on information (Bridges.org, 2001; Computer Systems Policy Projects, 2000). Martin (1997:87) further associates the concept with ‘information economics’ by defining it as a society in which there is a growing rate in the production, distribution and use of information. The ‘Digital economy’, as term and concept, has been used in this book in keeping with ‘information society’ as espoused by Schienstock et al. (1999), who view it from an interdisciplinary perspective to describe: An information economy;A post-industrial society; The end of the industrial labour society; A knowledge society; An ‘informatized’ industrial society; and A learning society.

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