The Evolution of The Institutional Approach in Planning

2012 ◽  
pp. 68-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette M. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
History Of Institutions

This article discusses the concept of institutions and explains why it is of central importance to planning. It outlines the intellectual history of institutions and describes current events that surround the resurgence of this vital concept. The article suggests that, despite the conflict among new institutionalist projects across the social sciences, planning as an interdisciplinary enterprise has been particularly adept at incorporating the various concepts for its purposes. It also identifies the problems with new institutionalism and stresses the need for new institutionalist projects to study how institutions change; how power relations are renegotiated in this process; and how these cognitive, social-construction processes might be connected with material conditions and outcomes that can inform current planning practice.

Ways and dynamics of reception of Ludwik Fleck’s work in the social sciences

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-210
Author(s):  
Dimitri Ginev
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Cognitive Sociology ◽  
Comparative Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thought Styles

The problem of how to access and estimate the proliferation of receptions of Ludwik Fleck’s work in domains as diverse as social geography, history of clinical medicine, and cognitive sociology has long remained vexing. The approach suggested in this paper combines the hermeneutics of effective-historical reception with a version of epistemic reconstruction of intellectual history. Special emphasis is placed upon the forms of political contextualization of Fleck’s comparative sociology of thought styles. The author argues that the heterogeneity of receptions is essentially informed by the specificity of the ‘implicit reader’ Fleck assigned to his work. Interestingly enough, it is a ‘reader’ congruent with the post-metaphysical turns in the social sciences. This claim is defended by analyzing particular trajectories of reception of Fleck’s work.

Context, Social Construction, and Statistics: Regression, Social Science, and Human Geography

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hepple
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Social Constructivist ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Constructivist Perspective

In response to a paper by T J Barnes, published in 1998, the author accepts the same social-constructivist perspective, but argues that the structure of regression was not excessively constrained by its biometric origins. The history of regression and its use in the social sciences is examined, and the author argues that any assessment of regression in human geography must be set against this wider context.

Local Ideas and Global Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-84
Author(s):  
James Livesey
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Science ◽  
Scientific Ideas

This chapter talks about the aftermath of the collapse in authority of positivist models where scholars became highly sensitized to the implication of strategies of inquiry and interpretation with strategies of control. Even in areas of the social sciences that did not commit to discourse as a master category, the suspicion that the claim to a form of truth, or knowledge, entirely distinct from power, was in fact nothing more than a mystification that had explosive consequences. The history of science in its many forms has been transformed. In turn, the challenge to an easy universalism in the sciences has been foundational to the emergence of global intellectual history. The philosophical and methodological challenges of even the most mediated and subtle kinds of constructivism create dual fundamentalist temptations, toward a self-refuting reductivism or an overstated idealism. The “strong program,” associated with the Edinburgh University Science Studies Unit, pursued a wholehearted sociology of science and argued that the truth-value of particular scientific ideas was itself social in origin, thus collapsing the discovery/validation dichotomy.

scholarly journals The Social Construction of the Soundscape of the Castilian Cities (15th and 16th Centuries)

Acoustics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-77
Author(s):  
Gisela Coronado Schwindt
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Combining Methods

This paper seeks to develop some conceptual elements that articulated the social construction of the soundscape of the urban spaces of the kingdom of Castile (15th–16th centuries). We focus our attention on the revision of the normative spheres that structured the subjective universe of the Castilian inhabitants, in order to notice and spot the different sound representations that intervened in the spatial and social configuration of the cities, their possible conflicts, and levels of acoustic tolerance. This proposal is part of the so-called “sensorial turn” in the Social Sciences, defined by David Howes as a cultural approach to the study of the senses as well as a sensorial approach to the study of culture. The research is carried out through the analysis of the sensory marks present in a documentary corpus made up of normative documents (municipal ordinances, books of agreement, chapter acts, diocesan synods, and royal dispositions) and judicial documents (General Archive of Simancas) combining methods of discourse analysis and the history of the senses. In the article, we argue and remark that the sound dimension operated as a device that acted in the shaping of the identity of places, since it contributed to define and delimit their use. This was reflected in the importance given by the authorities to the normative regulation of the community, which included a textual dimension in which the historical soundscape was imprinted, revealing the multiple social interactions that integrated it.

Social science and the absence of nature: uncertainty and the reality of extremes

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Grundmann ◽  
Nico Stehr
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Climate Events

The elimination of nature from social science discourse is one of the most noteworthy features of the intellectual history of the social sciences of this century. Proposals to overcome the prohibition to (re-)introduce nature into the social sciences are on the increase, and practical and theoretical justifications are offered in support of them. In this article we critically examine several sociological approaches that have attempted to respond to the ecological crisis. In the end, these approaches remain overly tied to questions of epistemology and fail to offer a satisfactory alternative. On the basis of a discussion of theories and research in the sociology of science and work on decision-making under conditions of uncertainty, we propose to develop an alternative basis for “bringing nature” into social science discourse. We explore extreme climate events to illustrate how natural phenomena appear as real, yet at the same time constructed.

scholarly journals Observations on the Intellectual History of Ethnology and other Social Sciences in Yugoslavia

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Halpern ◽  
E. A. Hammel
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Folk Theory ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

As anthropologists turn increasingly to the study of complex societies, they are led to reflect on the role that social science plays in national ideologies and the ways in which the current state and development of social science reflect other cultural states and processes. Indeed, such reflections can usefully be turned on our own society. One sees that it is much more appropriate to discard old notions of the distinction between ‘science’ and ‘folklore’ and to regard the social science of a particular society, however sophisticated and presumably objective, as an important part of its subjective ideology about itself and the world and thus a part of its own folk theory about the relations of man to society and of men to men. This paper is a sketch of some of the interrelationships between Yugoslav social science and other aspects of Yugoslav culture, with primary emphasis on ethnology.

The Social Construction of Population Science: An Intellectual, Institutional, and Political History of Twentieth-Century Demography

1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Mathematical Technique ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Population Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Affairs

Demographers have often lamented their field's reputation as one of “all methods and no theory.” Pushed by advances in computer technology and pulled by the appeal of being the “hardest,” most scientistic of the social sciences, the field has grown ever more sophisticated in mathematical technique. At the same time, theory has languished, becoming increasingly narrow and divorced from the realities of a rapidly changing post-Cold War world (McNicoll 1992). Leading members of the field routinely bemoan this state of affairs, though proposals for remaking the discipline are rarely offered (Preston 1993; Keyfitz 1993).

GETTING OVER IT? FROM THE SOCIAL TO THE HUMAN SCIENCES

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOROTHY ROSS
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

The history of the social sciences in the United States—like many other fields of intellectual history—confirms John Dewey's observation: “Intellectual progress usually occurs through sheer abandonment of questions together with both of the alternatives they assume—an abandonment that results from their decreasing vitality and a change of urgent interest. We do not solve them: we get over them.” As Dewey suggests, two fine new books mark intellectual progress in the field through a change of generational interest. As he also implies, new perspectives leave important issues behind.1

The Problem

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Alvesson ◽  
Yiannis Gabriel ◽  
Roland Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Prestigious Journal ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wide Gap

This chapter introduces ‘the problem’ of meaningless research in the social sciences. Over the past twenty years there has been an enormous growth in research publications, but never before in the history of humanity have so many social scientists written so much to so little effect. Academic research in the social sciences is often inward looking, addressed to small tribes of fellow researchers, and its purpose in what is increasingly a game is that of getting published in a prestigious journal. A wide gap has emerged between the esoteric concerns of social science researchers and the pressing issues facing today’s societies. The chapter critiques the inaccessibility of the language used by academic researchers, and the formulaic qualities of most research papers, fostered by the demands of the publishing game. It calls for a radical move from research for the sake of publishing to research that has something meaningful to say.

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