The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Problem ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Workplace Discrimination ◽  
Workplace Diversity ◽  
General Phenomenon ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
Art Research

Increasing workplace diversity has given rise to growing intergroup challenges that persistently manifest in discrimination. An emerging science in psychology, sociology, and management has yielded useful evidence to be brought to bear on the important problem of discrimination, but most literature available focuses on social (rather than work) settings or legal (rather than interpersonal) issues, or focuses on the general phenomenon of diversity rather than the social problem of discrimination. The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination provides a broad and interdisciplinary review of state-of-the-art research on discrimination in the workplace. Contributing authors address the unique experience of people from diverse perspectives (such as religious minorities, gay and lesbian workers, and those with disabilities) and the ways in which discrimination can be manifested and its consequences, and offer explanations for discrimination and strategies for its reduction.

scholarly journals Oxytocin and the Neurobiology of Prosocial Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 107385842096011
Author(s):  
Nina Marsh ◽  
Abigail A. Marsh ◽  
Mary R. Lee ◽  
René Hurlemann
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neuropeptide Hormone ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Conceptual Overview

Humans are an unusually prosocial species, who engage in social behaviors that include altruism—whereby an individual engages in costly or risky acts to improve the welfare of another person—care, and cooperation. Current perspectives on the neurobiology of human prosociality suggest that it is deeply rooted in the neuroendocrine architecture of the social brain and emphasize the modulatory role of the neuropeptide hormone oxytocin. In this review, we provide a conceptual overview of the neurobiology of prosocial behavior with a focus on oxytocin’s modulatory role in human prosociality. Specifically, we aim to encourage a better understanding of the peptide’s susceptibility to diverse factors that produce heterogeneity in outcomes and the resulting methodological implications for measuring the behavioral effects of oxytocin in humans. After providing an overview of the state-of-the-art research on oxytocin’s exogenous use, we elaborate on the peptide’s modulatory role in the context of care-based altruism, cooperation, and conflict and discuss its potential for therapeutic interventions in psychiatric disorders characterized by social dysfunction.

Review of Philosophy and the social problem.

1919 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-119
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Social Problem ◽  
The Social

TrustSVD: A Novel Trust-Based Matrix Factorization Model with User Trust and Item Ratings

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sobha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Recommendation Algorithm ◽  
Active User ◽  
Factorization Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Matrix Factorization Technique

Collaborative filtering suffers from the problems of data sparsity and cold start, which dramatically degrade recommendation performance. To help resolve these issues, we propose TrustSVD, a trust-based matrix factorization technique. By analyzing the social trust data from four real-world data sets, we conclude that not only the explicit but also the implicit influence of both ratings and trust should be taken into consideration in a recommendation model. Hence, we build on top of a state-of-the-art recommendation algorithm SVD++ which inherently involves the explicit and implicit influence of rated items, by further incorporating both the explicit and implicit influence of trusted users on the prediction of items for an active user. To our knowledge, the work reported is the first to extend SVD++ with social trust information. Experimental results on the four data sets demonstrate that our approach TrustSVD achieves better accuracy than other ten counterparts, and can better handle the concerned issues.

Eyblism and the Social Environment in Theory and Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
N. N. Khomutova ◽  
K. A. Vizner ◽  
S. A. Makhortova ◽  
S. N. Chudievich
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Good Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Barrier Free

The problem of the discrimination of people with disabilities remains being an urgent social problem. Misunderstanding of the meaning of this problem by others results in a situation when invalid’s level of life cannot be equal to a healthy person’s level of life. This article raises the issue of ableism in order to explore the idea of barrier-free environment integration. The results of a social survey are demonstrating a good level of respondent’s awareness concerning this problem and their will to participate in a discussion and taking of measures for the integration of a barrier-free environment with the intention to raise the invalid’s level of life.

Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Manzano Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

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