The Views of Contemporer Mut'ah Marriage among Yogyakarta Shi’ite Leaders

This paper explicates the views of Shia leaders in Rausyan Fikr Foundation Yogyakarta on mut'ah marriage. There have been various views related to mut'ah marriage law by Rausyan Fikr leaders. On one side, Shi’ite school of thought is hitherto the only proponent to the mut'ah marriage. This research is descriptive-analytic study using normative approaches by examining the views of Yogyakarta Shi’ite leaders in justifying the marriage using Islamic law including the Qur'an, Hadith, and Fiqh principles or ushuliyyah. The study finds that there are three opinions among Shi’ite leaders in Yogyakarta; 1) Some leaders strictly prohibit due to the differences in places and conditions between Indonesia and Iran, 2)Some of them allow it with the condition that marriage must be conducted with fellow Shi’ite, 3) Some believe it is allowed according the Ja'fari school of thought without considering conditions and places. Despite the differences of views among Yogyakarta Shia leaders, these differences can be compromised by seeing that mut'ah marriage is unacceptable under normal circumstances, but in an emergency situation, it can certainly be justifiable by considering its maslahat (benefit) or mudarat (danger). Keywords: mut'ah marriage, Islamic law, Yogyakarta Shia leaders Tulisan ini membahas tentang nikah mut’ah dan penerapannya dalam pandangan tokoh Syiah di Yayasan Rausyan Fikr Yogyakarta. Diketahui bahwa terjadi perbedaan pandangan terkait hukum nikah mut’ah oleh para tokoh Rausyan Fikr. Di sisi lain, kita ketahui bahwa mazhab Syiah adalah satu-satunya mazhab yang konsisten dengan argumentasi bahwa nikah mut’ah tetap berlaku hingga akhir zaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) bersifat deskriptif-analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif dengan mengkaji pandangan para tokoh Syiah Yogyakarta menggunakan hukum Islam secara mayoritas meliputi al-Qur’an, Hadis dan kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah ataupun ushuliyyah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat tiga pendapat dari tokoh Syiah di Yogyakarta; yaitu 1) melarang secara mutlak dengan alasan perbedaan tempat dan kondisi antara Indonesia dan Iran, 2) membolehkan dengan syarat pernikahan harus dilakukan dengan sesama penganut Syiah, 3) membolehkan secara mutlak berlandasan pada fikih mazhab Syiah Ja’fari tanpa mempertimbangkan perbedaan kondisi dan tempat. Terlepas perbedaan pandangan di kalangan tokoh Syiah Yogyakarta, perbedaan tersebut dapat dikompromikan dengan melihat bahwa nikah mut'ah tidak dapat diterima dalam keadaan normal, namun dalam keadaan darurat tentu dapat dipertimbangkan dan dilihat mana lebih besar maslahat dan mudaratnya. Kata Kunci: nikah mut’ah, hukum Islam, tokoh Syiah Yogyakarta

Determination of Cut-Off Index of Reactive HBsAg Based on Confirmatory Test at Dr. Moewardi Hospital

HBsAg confirmatory test is required to confirm false reactive HBsAg due to non-specific binding of antigen withantibody. HBsAg confirmatory test cannot be performed in every laboratory due to the high price of reagents, short reagentshelf life, prolonged turnaround time, and increasing complexity of the test. This study aimed to determine the HBsAg COI(cut-off unit) cut-off point, which requires a confirmatory HBsAg test on the COBAS e411 analyzer with the ECLIA method.An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was performed on 59 patients who underwent the HBsAgtest at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta in September-October 2020 on the Cobas e411 analyzer with the ECLIA method.The best analytical performance of cut-off index of reactive HBsAg was determined using the ROC curve and AUC. Theresults of initial HBsAg COI showed the following results: borderline with a mean: 0.975±0.0014 and reactive with a medianof 4.38 (1.03-10)). The confirmatory test showed 59.8% reactive, 22.2% non-reactive, 13.8% not valid and 4.2%indeterminate results. The cut-off value for reactive HBsAg was 4.34 with an AUC of 0.818 (95% CI: 0.713 - 0.923; p=0.054), asensitivity of 72.1% and a specificity of 87.5%. The initial cut-off of HBsAg index at 4.34 COI showed the best analyticalperformance with a sensitivity of 72.1% and specificity of 87.3%. Therefore, it can be used to determine HBsAg results thatrequire HBsAg confirmatory examination on the Cobas e411 analyzer with the ECLIA method.

Effect of Annonaceous Sp. Ethanolic Extract on Transforming Growth Factor- Β (TGF- Β) Expression on MCF-7 Cells Line

Aims: To analyze effect of the Annonaceous sp. ethanolic extract to Transforming Growth Factor- β (TGF- β) expressions on MCF-7 cells line. Methods: This experimental analytic study used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three repetitions. The extract was dissolved in 1 ml of DMSO with a concentration of 0.1%. Furthermore, dilution was made with a dose of 0 µg / ml (K); 25 µg / ml (P1); 50 µg / ml (P2); 100 µg / ml (P3); 200 µg / ml (P4). MCF-7 cells line were cultured using RPMI 1640 Medium with 80 – 90% confluent. The ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. was exposed to MCF-7 cells for 48 hours. Analyze Transforming Growth Factor- β (TGF- β) level using ELISA Methods with λ=405 nm. Results: The results of the ELISA analysis show that the ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. has a potential effect of decreasing TGF- β expression on the sample with treatment on some concentration (p< 0,05). Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. has shown the potential effect to decreased of TGF- β level on MCF-7 cells line Keywords: Annonaceous sp ethanolic extract, TGF- β, MCF-7 cells line, anti-cancer

Statistical Exploration of the Data for the Georgia Mountain Food Bank

Hunger relief is one of the major needs during humanitarian emergencies. Georgia Mountain Food Bank’s (GMFB) is to address hunger, health, and quality of life by serving those in need throughout North Georgia. GMFB is invited to participate in this project by providing data on the “People in Need” program. GMFB provides the demographic and food picking up information for FY17 & FY18. The data are completely anonymous without any ethical concerns. GMFB would like to obtain a better understanding of the data through mathematics research and analytic study with this project.