Promoting Hope in Children

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana C. Marques ◽  
Shane J. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Hope Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literature Base

This chapter provides an overview of the literature base supporting hope theory and examines milestones in the promotion of hope. Accordingly, it describes the tenets of hope theory and development and provides a review of the hope system and the instruments that can be used with young children and adolescents. Brief illustrations on how hope can be detected are provided. Moreover, the chapter summarizes the hope research conducted over the past 25 years with children and adolescents and emphasizes how to help them capitalize on their strengths and build hope, along with its implications for use by parents and schools professionals.

Nonossifying fibroma. Four cases and review of the literature

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Glockenberg ◽  
E Sobel ◽  
JF Noël
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonossifying Fibroma ◽  
Metaphyseal Region

Nonossifying fibroma is a benign, lytic lesion that occurs in young children and adolescents. Radiographically, the lesion is multilocular and sharply demarcated. It often occurs at the metaphyseal region of long bones of the lower extremity and is usually eccentrically located. Four cases of nonossifying fibroma occurring during the past 7 years are presented with a review of the literature.

scholarly journals ‘I was really, really shocked’: A sociological exploration of the transition experiences of English Youth Academy male footballers from school to work

2021 ◽  
pp. 101269022110054
Author(s):  
Nicola Hague ◽  
Graeme Law
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Professional Experiences ◽  
Transitional Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

The world of football arguably brings together and unites people in support of their teams and countries, while inspiring young children and adolescents to dream of a professional career. Existing research in the field has sought to begin to understand what professional footballers experience on their journey through the game. However, much of this UK-based research has focused on first team players and their professional experiences, including transitions from youth team to first team and to retirement. This study, therefore, aimed to examine players during their youth academy scholarship at one English Championship club. This study focused on the transitional experiences of youth players from school to the academy and their resulting embodying of a footballer’s identity. Twelve semi-structured interviews with players aged 17–19, were conducted and then analysed by thematic analysis using figurational sociology concepts. Three different types of transition were identified. Among other reasons, early specialisation in football was a prevalent factor that partly influenced the way the players experienced their transition. The transition into the academy coincided with the transition from youth to adulthood that was arguably anything but linear as players managed the dominant sub-cultures present in the club.

scholarly journals Young children's selective trust in informants

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1567) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Harris ◽  
Kathleen H. Corriveau
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Selective Trust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Conception

Young children readily act on information from adults, setting aside their own prior convictions and even continuing to trust informants who make claims that are manifestly false. Such credulity is consistent with a long-standing philosophical and scientific conception of young children as prone to indiscriminate trust. Against this conception, we argue that children trust some informants more than others. In particular, they use two major heuristics. First, they keep track of the history of potential informants. Faced with conflicting claims, they endorse claims made by someone who has provided reliable care or reliable information in the past. Second, they monitor the cultural standing of potential informants. Faced with conflicting claims, children endorse claims made by someone who belongs to a consensus and whose behaviour abides by, rather than deviating from, the norms of their group. The first heuristic is likely to promote receptivity to information offered by familiar caregivers, whereas the second heuristic is likely to promote a broader receptivity to informants from the same culture.

Tablets Versus Suspensions of Anticonvulsants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-907
Author(s):  
J. C. Lagos
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Past

In the past 2 months we have seen five young children with signs and symptoms of dilantin intoxication manifested in the form of ataxia, nystagmus, and drowsiness. The intoxication in all cases was iatrogenic and resulted from the use of the suspension form of the drug. In one case it was due to a mistake on the part of the mother (teaspoons were given instead of milliliters). After reduction of the dosage of dilantin on its withdrawal and replacement by another anticonvulsant, all signs and symptoms disappeared in 24-78 hours.

Household Bird Ownership is Associated with Respiratory Illness among Young Children in Urban Bangladesh (CHoBI7 Program)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Parvin ◽  
Elizabeth D. Thomas ◽  
Kelly Endres ◽  
Daniel Leung ◽  
Bhuyian Sazzadul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Past ◽  
Difficulty Breathing

There is limited evidence on the association between animal ownership and respiratory illness among young children in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, we examined the association between animal ownership and respiratory illness among children younger than 5 years of age enrolled in a prospective cohort study in urban Bangladesh. This prospective cohort study enrolled 884 participants younger than 5 years of age in Dhaka, Bangladesh. At baseline, trained research assistants administered caregivers of children younger than 5 years of age a questionnaire on household animal ownership. Animal ownership was defined as owning chickens, birds other than chickens, cats, and dogs. Respiratory surveillance was conducted monthly for children based on caregiver-reported coughing, rapid breathing, and difficult breathing in the past 2 weeks during the 12-month study period. At baseline, 48% of children (424 of 884) had reports of coughing, 5% (40 of 884) had difficulty breathing, 3% (25 of 884) had rapid breathing, and 49% (431 of 884) had reports of any of these three respiratory symptoms. Seventeen percent of children (151 of 884) resided in a household that owned an animal. Children residing in households reporting bird ownership had a significantly greater odds of coughing (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.28) and any of the three respiratory symptoms in the past 2 weeks (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.28). Household bird ownership was associated with respiratory illness in young children. These findings suggest that interventions aiming at reducing young children’s exposure to domestic animals should extend to include birds other than chickens.

Abstract P105: Associations of Childhood Obesity With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors by Era of Birth: The I3c Consortium

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica G Woo ◽  
Lydia A Bazzano ◽  
Trudy L Burns ◽  
Stephen R Daniels ◽  
Terence Dwyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
High Tc ◽  
The Past ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Introduction: The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically over the past several decades, but it is unclear whether children and adolescents with obesity are experiencing more or fewer cardiometabolic risks from obesity now compared with several decades ago. This study leverages data from over 2600 children and adolescents with obesity born from 1951-1996 to determine whether relationships of obesity with cardiometabolic risk have changed over time. Methods: The first study visit, age 3-19, was used to classify individuals by era of birth (quartiles: 1951-1963, 1964-1969, 1970-1974, 1975-1996), weight status (obesity defined as BMI>CDC 95 th %ile and <120% of the 95 th %ile), high BP (SBP or DBP>95 th %ile), high total cholesterol (TC>170 mg/dl), high LDL-C (>110 mg/dl), high triglycerides (TG>100 mg/dl), high glucose (>100 mg/dl), and low HDL-C (<40 mg/dl males, <50 mg/dl females). Participants with obesity (excluding severe obesity) were included in this analysis. Logistic regressions were adjusted for age, sex, race and study cohort to calculate odds ratios relative to the most recent era of birth (1975-1996). Results: The prevalence of childhood obesity increased from 6.1% in the earliest birth era to 7.7% in the most recent (p<0.0001). The adjusted odds of children with obesity having high TC (p<0.0001), high TG (p<0.0001), and high BP (p=0.003) were half as likely among children born between 1964-69 or 1970-74, compared with the most recent birth era (Table). The odds of children with obesity having high LDL (p=0.59), low HDL (p=0.17) or high glucose (0.33) did not differ across birth eras. Conclusions: Childhood obesity in more recent decades has not only become more prevalent, but is associated with greater risks of high TC, high TG and high BP. However, the risks of high LDL, low HDL and high glucose have not significantly changed among children with obesity who were born between 1951 and 1996. Thus, comparisons of children or adolescents with obesity across eras should consider these differing risk profiles.

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