Children's Consumption in History

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Thomas Cook
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Consumer Socialization ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The 1960S

The academic study of children as consumers took root in the 1960s and did not begin in earnest until the 1970s, when the paradigm of ‘consumer socialization’ took hold among psychologically oriented business scholars. In the 1980s, some discussion of the history of children's consumption and popular culture began to appear in edited volumes and journal articles, with full treatments of some aspects of that history coming into view in the 1990s. Even as children's consumer culture takes centre stage in contemporary media reports, political punditry, and academic scholarship, the history of children's consumption remains largely unrecognized in, or otherwise marginal to, both histories of childhood and histories of consumption. Children's consumer lives or the popular culture of childhood most often occupy a side or subsidiary position in the overall historiography of childhood as in, for instance, recent works by Steven Mintz and Hugh Cunningham. It appears that, in a time of severe economic depression, both parents and commercial actors looked to childhood and the ‘child’ as promising bearers of hope for the future.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Critical Systems Thinking ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Future Visions

The book proposes that the Cold War period saw a key debate about the future as singular or plural. Forms of Cold War science depicted the future as a closed sphere defined by delimited probabilities, but were challenged by alternative notions of the future as a potentially open realm with limits set only by human creativity. The Cold War was a struggle for temporality between the two different future visions of the two blocs, each armed with its set of predictive technologies, but these were rivaled, from the 1960s on, by future visions emerging from decolonization and the emergence of a set of alternative world futures. Futures research has reflected and enacted this debate. In so doing, it offers a window to the post-war history of the social sciences and of contemporary political ideologies of liberalism and neoliberalism, Marxism and revisionist Marxism, critical-systems thinking, ecologism, and postcolonialism.

scholarly journals The fate of African mask in the works of French-speaking writers in West and Central Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Nina D. Lyakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Ancestor Cult ◽  
The Future ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
African Writers ◽  
The 1960S

The article examines the attitude of contemporary African writers to the traditional zoomorphic and anthropomorphic masks. In the 1960s–70s, for the supporters of the theory of negritude, the sacred mask embodied the spirit of ancestors and an inextricable connection with tradition. In a transitional era (the 1990s – the early 21st century), the process of desacralisation of the mask has been observed and such works appear in which the idea of the death of tradition is carried out. The article consistently examines the history of the emergence and strengthening of interest in the image of the African mask as the most striking symbol of African traditions on the part of cultural, art and scientific workers and the reflection of this symbol in the works of representatives of Francophone literature in West and Central Africa in different periods of time. The article concludes about the transformation of the views of the studied writers on the future of African traditions from an enthusiastic and romantic (as, for example, in the lyrics of Léopold Sédar Senghor or Samuel-Martin Eno Belinga) attitude to the images of the African past and tradition – masks, ancestor cult – to despair and bitterness from the awareness of the desacralisation of traditional objects and images and the profanation of tradition under the pressure of the realities of the present day (drama by Koffi Kwahulé). The attitude of African writers to the image of the mask, which is directly related to the themes of preserving traditions and the search of their identity by African literary heroes, is gradually changing, demonstrating the pessimistic view of Francophone African writers on the future of African traditions.

scholarly journals Reconstructing Changes in Abundance of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park, Ontario, 1860-2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman W. S. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canis Lycaon ◽  
The 1960S

The history of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park since the 1860s is reviewed and placed in the context of changes to the forest, weather, and parasitic disease. Deer seem to have been abundant in the late 1800s and early 1900s whereas Moose were also common but less so than deer. Deer declined through the 1920s as Moose probably increased. Deer had recovered by the 1940s when Moose seem to have been scarce. The deer population declined again in the 1960s, suffered major mortality in the early 1970s, and has never recovered; deer are essentially absent from the present day Algonquin landscape in winter. Moose increased steadily following the decline of deer and have numbered around 3500 since the mid-1980s. Beaver were scarce in the Park in the late 1800s but recovered by 1910 and appear to have been abundant through the early 1900s and at high numbers through mid-century. The Beaver population has, however, declined sharply since the mid-1970s. These changes can best be explained by the history of change to the structure and composition of the Park's forests. After extensive fire and logging in the late 1800s and early 1900s, the forest is now in an essentially mature state. Weather and parasitic disease, however, have also played a role. These three species form the prey base of Algonquin's Wolves, Canis lycaon, and the net decline of prey, especially deer, has important implications for the future of wolves in the Park.

The power ballad

Popular Music ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Metzer
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
The Other ◽  
Music Genres ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThe power ballad has become a mainstay of popular music since the 1970s. This article offers a history of the songs and discusses their place in the larger field of popular music genres. The songs are defined by the use of both a musical formula based on constant escalation and an expressive formula that combines the euphoric uplift created by rousing music with sentimental themes and ploys. Contrary to views that power ballads first appeared in 1980s rock and are primarily rock numbers, the songs emerged in the 1970s pop recordings of Barry Manilow and others, and from early on crossed genre lines, including pop, rock and R&B. These crossings result in an exchange between the fervour of the power ballad and the distinct expressive qualities of the other genres. This article also places the power ballad in the larger history of the ballad. The songs are part of a shift toward more effusive and demonstrative styles of ballads underway since the 1960s. In addition, the emotional excesses of the power ballad fit into a larger change in the expressive tone of works across different popular culture media. With those works, emotions are to be large, ecstatic and immediate.

scholarly journals Battling and Rescuing as Double Heroism in Ayo Gorkhali: A History of the Gurkhas by Tim I. Gurung

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Ram Prasad Rai
Keyword(s):  
East India Company ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
British East India Company ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Area Of Study

The main aim of this paper is to study the dual heroism of the Gorkhas: ‘battling’ and ‘rescuing’ in the book Ayo Gorkhali: A History of the Gurkhas by Tim I. Gurung from the evolutionary perspective. The book is about the Gorkhas’ bravery in battling as well as rescuing exhibited in wars around the world because of which they brought victory and power to Britain. Despite their defeat in the Anglo-Nepal War (1814-1816), the Gorkhas were able to impress the British authority for their bravery, dedication and discipline. The British East India Company began to recruit the Gorkhas in their army. They succeeded to suppress robberies, banditries and mutinies and establish peace and order in the society. In every theatre of war including the First and Second World Wars, the Gorkhas battled bravely for Britain and kept her name always high in the world. In this paper, the researcher has consulted books, journal articles and documentaries related to the Gorkhas and their heroic performance in wars. The Gorkhas are found to be brave in both ‘fighting’ as well as ‘making rescue’ of their co-warriors, officers and civilians during the wars. They have been known as the ‘bravest of the brave’ in the world. This paper will be new insights for the future researchers in the particular area of study.

The Future Stops Here

Old Futures ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Alexis Lothian
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
First Century ◽  
First Child ◽  
Queer Of Color ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century

The first wormhole chapter uses a speculative engagement with Alfonso Cuarón’s 2006 film Children of Men to link disparate times and spaces in the book: the history of no future shown by feminist, eugenic, imperial narratives in part 1 and the affirmative prospects for queer of color futures in part 2. The major studio film, filmed in London by the Mexican director, highlights the presence in twenty-first-century transnational popular culture of tropes from the fictional futures examined in the previous pages. Cuarón’s adaptation of the 1992 novel by P. D. James underlines the ways in which hopeful futurity is unevenly distributed along the same lines of race, gender, sexuality, capital, and globalization that determine who gets to be seen as fully human. The contradictions surrounding the character of Kee—a black woman pregnant with the first child to be born in decades whose representation in the film leaves much to be desired—become a point of possibility opening on to different worlds and futures.

Naiveté and the Depiction of Arthur’s Childhood in Disney’s The Sword in the Stone

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Megan Woller
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
The Future ◽  
Animated Film ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter examines Disney’s animated feature film The Sword in the Stone (1963), based on T. H. White’s account of the future king’s childhood. The final film features six songs written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman, designed to add to the tone of Disney’s adaptation as a fantasy for children. This chapter considers how the Disney version alters the characters depicted in White’s book. Unsurprisingly, the animated film abridges White’s story for its seventy-nine-minute runtime. Despite the numerous changes, The Sword in the Stone contributes to the musical retellings of T. H. White’s interpretation that enter into popular culture in the 1960s.

Contextualizing Mes Aynak

Afghanistan ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Klimburg-Salter
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Future generations of scholars may see Mes Aynak as an unique archaeological complex which comprises an extraordinary number of diverse functions and thus provides crucial primary evidence for the history of Inner and South Asia during the 1st millennium AD and most likely earlier—that is, with luck. Historians and archaeologists are uncertain what the future will bring—will the site be destroyed by war, copper mining or a lack of controlled excavation? All of these circumstances have threatened the integrity of the site since exploration first began in the 1960s. This short article presents a brief summary of the literature on Mes Aynak and the present archaeological situation.

On Trend

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Powers
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Early History ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Trend Forecasting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Consulting Industry ◽  
Social Scientific

What is a trend? What role do trends play in consumer culture? How do trends come into being? And how do trends shape the future? This book explores these and other questions through a focus on the business of trend forecasting, an industry that emerged in the 1970s to anticipate, manage, and influence the future of culture. Galvanized by the rise of futurism and by social scientific research on popular culture and taste, pioneers in trend forecasting turned unease about the future into a business opportunity, using trends to marketize cultural change. Since then, the business of trends has grown into a highly influential (if sometimes overlooked) facet of the wider consulting industry. Trend forecasters advise some of the world’s most prominent companies on how to innovate, disrupt, strategize, and otherwise manage the future. In addition to the early history of trend forecasting, the book examines how current trend professionals do what they do, taking stock of contemporary practices and exposing their built-in assumptions. In sum, On Trend argues that trends have become an important way to sell cultural change, and as such they deeply shape and profoundly limit our ideas about what the future can be.

SIM’s Directions: “Back to the Future”

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1418-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin M. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Service Award ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

This essay addresses directions for the Social Issues in Management (SIM) Division from the perspective of “Back to the Future.” The author was chair of the SIM Division in 1983 to 1984 and the 1989 recipient of the SIM Division’s Sumner Marcus Distinguished Service Award. The essay reviews the general history of SIM during the 1960s and 1970s in which the University of California, Berkeley, played a key role in organizing conferences. The author explains his approach as an applied empiricist to research concerning SIM. The essentials are power, legitimacy, responsibility, rationality, and values, and understanding how they impact the ongoing day-to-day interactions within, between, and among business organizations, their leadership, and other sectors of society. SIM is a field of diverse inquiry which has been the recipient of perspectives and persons drawn not only from multiple disciplines, particularly from the social sciences, law, and management, but also from the humanities and sciences. SIM is patently multi- and inter-disciplinary.

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