Contextualizing Mes Aynak

Afghanistan ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Klimburg-Salter
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Future generations of scholars may see Mes Aynak as an unique archaeological complex which comprises an extraordinary number of diverse functions and thus provides crucial primary evidence for the history of Inner and South Asia during the 1st millennium AD and most likely earlier—that is, with luck. Historians and archaeologists are uncertain what the future will bring—will the site be destroyed by war, copper mining or a lack of controlled excavation? All of these circumstances have threatened the integrity of the site since exploration first began in the 1960s. This short article presents a brief summary of the literature on Mes Aynak and the present archaeological situation.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Critical Systems Thinking ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Future Visions

The book proposes that the Cold War period saw a key debate about the future as singular or plural. Forms of Cold War science depicted the future as a closed sphere defined by delimited probabilities, but were challenged by alternative notions of the future as a potentially open realm with limits set only by human creativity. The Cold War was a struggle for temporality between the two different future visions of the two blocs, each armed with its set of predictive technologies, but these were rivaled, from the 1960s on, by future visions emerging from decolonization and the emergence of a set of alternative world futures. Futures research has reflected and enacted this debate. In so doing, it offers a window to the post-war history of the social sciences and of contemporary political ideologies of liberalism and neoliberalism, Marxism and revisionist Marxism, critical-systems thinking, ecologism, and postcolonialism.

scholarly journals The fate of African mask in the works of French-speaking writers in West and Central Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Nina D. Lyakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Ancestor Cult ◽  
The Future ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
African Writers ◽  
The 1960S

The article examines the attitude of contemporary African writers to the traditional zoomorphic and anthropomorphic masks. In the 1960s–70s, for the supporters of the theory of negritude, the sacred mask embodied the spirit of ancestors and an inextricable connection with tradition. In a transitional era (the 1990s – the early 21st century), the process of desacralisation of the mask has been observed and such works appear in which the idea of the death of tradition is carried out. The article consistently examines the history of the emergence and strengthening of interest in the image of the African mask as the most striking symbol of African traditions on the part of cultural, art and scientific workers and the reflection of this symbol in the works of representatives of Francophone literature in West and Central Africa in different periods of time. The article concludes about the transformation of the views of the studied writers on the future of African traditions from an enthusiastic and romantic (as, for example, in the lyrics of Léopold Sédar Senghor or Samuel-Martin Eno Belinga) attitude to the images of the African past and tradition – masks, ancestor cult – to despair and bitterness from the awareness of the desacralisation of traditional objects and images and the profanation of tradition under the pressure of the realities of the present day (drama by Koffi Kwahulé). The attitude of African writers to the image of the mask, which is directly related to the themes of preserving traditions and the search of their identity by African literary heroes, is gradually changing, demonstrating the pessimistic view of Francophone African writers on the future of African traditions.

scholarly journals Reconstructing Changes in Abundance of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park, Ontario, 1860-2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman W. S. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canis Lycaon ◽  
The 1960S

The history of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park since the 1860s is reviewed and placed in the context of changes to the forest, weather, and parasitic disease. Deer seem to have been abundant in the late 1800s and early 1900s whereas Moose were also common but less so than deer. Deer declined through the 1920s as Moose probably increased. Deer had recovered by the 1940s when Moose seem to have been scarce. The deer population declined again in the 1960s, suffered major mortality in the early 1970s, and has never recovered; deer are essentially absent from the present day Algonquin landscape in winter. Moose increased steadily following the decline of deer and have numbered around 3500 since the mid-1980s. Beaver were scarce in the Park in the late 1800s but recovered by 1910 and appear to have been abundant through the early 1900s and at high numbers through mid-century. The Beaver population has, however, declined sharply since the mid-1970s. These changes can best be explained by the history of change to the structure and composition of the Park's forests. After extensive fire and logging in the late 1800s and early 1900s, the forest is now in an essentially mature state. Weather and parasitic disease, however, have also played a role. These three species form the prey base of Algonquin's Wolves, Canis lycaon, and the net decline of prey, especially deer, has important implications for the future of wolves in the Park.

scholarly journals Learning How to Manage a Planet

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Christian
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Human History ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire Planet ◽  
Big History

We live at a turning point in the history of planet earth, and we need to understand what is going on. Suddenly, we humans are becoming so powerful that what we do in the next few decades will shape the future of our planet. Unfortunately, most modern education is too narrow to help us see how our relationship with the planet is changing. To see that, and to understand the huge challenges we face, we need to understand the history of planet earth and how human history fits into the planet’s history. This is the story that is told in what are called big history courses. The task for the next generation is nothing less than to learn to manage an entire planet, and to manage it well for the sake of future generations. We have the resources we need, if only we can see the challenge clearly enough and agree on what needs to be done.

SIM’s Directions: “Back to the Future”

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1418-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin M. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Service Award ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

This essay addresses directions for the Social Issues in Management (SIM) Division from the perspective of “Back to the Future.” The author was chair of the SIM Division in 1983 to 1984 and the 1989 recipient of the SIM Division’s Sumner Marcus Distinguished Service Award. The essay reviews the general history of SIM during the 1960s and 1970s in which the University of California, Berkeley, played a key role in organizing conferences. The author explains his approach as an applied empiricist to research concerning SIM. The essentials are power, legitimacy, responsibility, rationality, and values, and understanding how they impact the ongoing day-to-day interactions within, between, and among business organizations, their leadership, and other sectors of society. SIM is a field of diverse inquiry which has been the recipient of perspectives and persons drawn not only from multiple disciplines, particularly from the social sciences, law, and management, but also from the humanities and sciences. SIM is patently multi- and inter-disciplinary.

Children's Consumption in History

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Thomas Cook
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Consumer Socialization ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The 1960S

The academic study of children as consumers took root in the 1960s and did not begin in earnest until the 1970s, when the paradigm of ‘consumer socialization’ took hold among psychologically oriented business scholars. In the 1980s, some discussion of the history of children's consumption and popular culture began to appear in edited volumes and journal articles, with full treatments of some aspects of that history coming into view in the 1990s. Even as children's consumer culture takes centre stage in contemporary media reports, political punditry, and academic scholarship, the history of children's consumption remains largely unrecognized in, or otherwise marginal to, both histories of childhood and histories of consumption. Children's consumer lives or the popular culture of childhood most often occupy a side or subsidiary position in the overall historiography of childhood as in, for instance, recent works by Steven Mintz and Hugh Cunningham. It appears that, in a time of severe economic depression, both parents and commercial actors looked to childhood and the ‘child’ as promising bearers of hope for the future.

Is There No Democratic Left in America? Reflections on the Transformation of an Ideology

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonzo L. Hamby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interest Group Politics ◽  
Group Politics ◽  
The 1960S

Historians historicize. They attempt to understand the present and make educated guesses about the future by looking to the past. This attempt at prognosticating “the future of the democratic left” primarily in the United States begins with a broad-brush history of “the left” as equalitarian idea and political movement in the modern world, examines its development in the United States within a context of “American exceptionalism,” discusses its transformation in the 1960s, and assays its struggles in the “present day” of the last three decades. A once-revolutionary impulse, it suggests, has surrendered to the necessity of incremental entitlement politics. As a result, it has subjected itself to the hazards of the pragmatic test, the awkwardness of interest-group politics, and the distinct possibility that even success in the quest for universal social provision would fail to alter existing patterns of inequality.

scholarly journals “Foi quando estava acabando o tempo dos escravos”: devoção, redes familiares e conflitos nas últimas décadas da escravidão em Minas Gerais

Afro-Ásia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Nascimento Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Freed People ◽  
Nearby City

<p>O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as redes familiares dos antepassados dos dois primeiros capitães da Associação de Congada e Moçambique de Nossa Senhora do Rosário e Nossa Senhora das Mercês nas últimas décadas da escravidão em Piedade do Rio Grande, Minas Gerais. Pretende-se apresentar as alianças, conflitos, negociações e estratégias encontradas por essas famílias escravas e libertas, bem como os caminhos percorridos no aprendizado devocional ligado à Irmandade do Rosário, na cidade vizinha a Piedade, Ibertioga. Os descendentes das famílias dos dois capitães buscaram, desde o pós-Abolição até o tempo presente, ressignificar o passado escravista vivido pelos seus parentes e comemorar a liberdade, através dos cantos, ritmos, danças, músicas e performances realizadas nas festas de Congada e Moçambique – também conhecidas como festas de maio – ao longo dos últimos noventa anos. Por fim, busca-se demonstrar que “foi quando estava acabando o tempo dos escravos” que a última geração do cativeiro de Piedade, entre escravos e livres, deixou como legado às gerações futuras as experiências sentidas e sofridas no tempo da escravidão, com as redes de proteção e os conflitos inerentes a esse período.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: famílias escravas | libertos | escravidão | Minas Gerais</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p><p><em>This article analyzes the family networks created by the ancestors of the two first captains of the Associação Congada e Moçambique de Nossa Senhora do Rosário e Nossa Senhora das Mercês during the last decades of slavery in Piedade do Rio Grande, Minas Gerais, Brazil. I show the alliances, conflicts, negotiations and strategies utilized by the families of slaves and freed people, as well as the paths taken in devotional learning at the Irmandade do Rosário, in Ibertioga, a nearby city. From the Post-Abolition period until the present, the two captains’ descendants have sought to resignify the history of slavery experienced by their relatives, celebrating their freedom through songs, rhythms and dances performed during the Congada e Moçambique celebrations (also known as the “May Festivities”). Lastly, I argue that “when slavery was ending” in Piedade, the last generation to live through those times, both enslaved and freed people, left their  experience of suffering as a legacy for the future generations, including the networks of protection and conflicts inherent to that period.</em></p><p><em><strong>Keywords</strong>: enslaved families | freed people | slavery | Minas Gerais</em></p>

Production, Circulation, and Accumulation: The Historiographies of Capitalism in China and South Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Liu
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
South Asian Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Economic Failure

In light of the emergent “history of capitalism” field in Euro-American history, this article reviews and critically situates how the category “capitalism” has been debated within the historiographies of China and South Asia. In discussions paralleling European historiography, Sinologists and Indologists explored whether the “prime mover” of capitalism was changes in production or in circulation. The example of South Asian studies shows how, from the 1960s through the 1980s, the dominant production-centered approach—drawing upon Marxist theory—produced stories of economic “failure” in Asia. The example of Chinese history since the 1990s points to the resurgence of a Smithian circulation-centered approach that challenges the Eurocentric story of failure. Each of these approaches emerged out of distinct eras of capital accumulation in the twentieth century: mid-century state-supported industrialization and late-century deregulated globalization. The tension between these approaches points towards a more integrative reinterpretation that sees the core dynamics of capitalism as a cyclical process of “capital accumulation,” one that integrates both production and circulation-centered approaches and also challenges Eurocentric histories of capitalism. This article's conclusion provides speculative thoughts on writing the histories of capitalism for China and South Asia today.

History from the ground up

Vitruvian Man ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 59-93
Author(s):  
John Oksanish
Keyword(s):  
Future Generations ◽  
General Sense ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

Vitruvius’s suggestion that De architectura will allow Augustus to comprehend buildings already built almost certainly points to the Augustan program of renovating buildings. But it also introduces the notion that buildings “already built” could represent the Augustan present for the future. History can be “built” just as it can be written, and its monuments can also be repurposed, whether through spoliation in the concrete sense or by recharacterizing what celebrated architectural signifiers mean, or both. Vitruvius’s phraseology in the preface (memorias posteris tradere) reflects a well-known Augustan concern for posterity’s reception in a general sense, but it also recalls historiography, especially Livy and (later) Tacitus. Vitruvius returns to this same language in his discussion of historia—one of the disciplines in which the architectus is supposed to be trained—in his aetiology of caryatids. Just as Augustus co-opted the forms of the Erechtheum korai for his forum, so does Vitruvius invent (here in the rhetorical sense) a new “history” of the caryatids that is useful for the Romans. The key to understanding Vitruvius’s approach here is textuality: his description of caryatids and their meaning is couched entirely in the language of rhetorical narratio, which suggests again that Vitruvius envisions architecture as a kind of ornamental persuasion, with a scope that rivals historiography in its ability not only to tell future generations about the present, but also to recharacterize the past in terms that suit the present’s needs.

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