Growth Inhibition of Intact Plants and In Vitro Cultures of Tobacco by Culture Filtrates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. nicotianae

Studies were conducted to test the effect of oil cakes and organic manures on the growth of wilt pathogen under in vitro conditions. The extract of different oil cakes and organic manures were tested against F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri by poisoned food techniques in vitro. Least growth of pathogen was recorded in extracts of Neem cake showing excellent inhibitory effect of 70.87 percent reduction over control. Next best in order of mustard cake (65.36 %), linseed (62.99%), groundnut (53.36%) and least by other. Among the organic manures tested, vermi compost and FYM showed maximum growth inhibition of 35.95 and 30.62 percent over control, respectively.

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In vitro screening of different Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates to study lytic enzyme production and growth inhibition during antagonism of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini, wilt causing pathogen of cumin

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-020-00259-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ridhdhi Rathore ◽

Dinesh N. Vakharia ◽

Dheeraj Singh Rathore

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Close Association ◽

Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽

Lytic Enzyme ◽

Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽

Causal Pathogen ◽

Percent Growth Inhibition

Abstract Land plants exist in close association with bacterial and fungal microbes, where some associations can be pathogenic and others can be mutualistic/beneficial. One such relation exists between host plant, Cuminum cyminum L. (Cumin) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini (Foc), the causal pathogen of cumin wilt and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf), where Pf acts as a bio-agent for inhibiting Foc and promoting plant growth of cumin. In this study, antagonism by 10 different Pf isolates against Foc was studied under laboratory conditions through percent growth inhibition and biochemical mechanisms. Among these Pf isolates, Pf-5 exhibited the highest in vitro growth inhibition (82.51%). A positive correlation was observed between percent growth inhibition and specific activities of hydrolytic enzymes, chitinase, β-1, 3 glucanase, and protease, where a negative correlation was observed with cell wall degrading enzymes, cellulase and polygalacturonase. To conclude, isolate Pf-5 could be a potential biocontrol agent for Fusarium wilt disease of cumin.

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In vitro antagonism of endophytic Fusarium oxysporum isolates against the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854106778613976 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 627-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Bjoern Niere ◽

Shahasi Athman ◽

Altus Viljoen ◽

Clifford Gold ◽

Thomas Dubois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Radopholus Similis ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Culture Filtrates ◽

Burrowing Nematode ◽

Nematode Mortality

AbstractRadopholus similis is one of the key pests of banana worldwide. In this study, nine endophytic Fusarium oxysporum isolates were screened for the production of secondary metabolites antagonistic to R. similis in culture. Undiluted and diluted culture filtrates were tested against motile stages and eggs of R. similis. All isolates tested demonstrated in vitro antagonistic activity, causing paralysis of R. similis motile stages. The percentage of paralysed nematodes increased with increase in the length of exposure time to culture filtrates. After 24 h exposure in culture filtrates up to 100% of the treated nematodes were paralysed compared to 26.5% in the control treatments. Nematode mortality rates after 24 h exposure in culture filtrates ranged from 76.4% to 100%. Paralysis was reversible at lower filtrate concentrations. Radopholus similis males were more sensitive to culture filtrates than females. Culture filtrates of all isolates demonstrated inhibitory effects on hatching of R. similis eggs. The results demonstrate the potential for using endophytic F. oxysporum as biological control agents against R. similis and for toxic derivatives from their secondary metabolism to be used as potential nematicides.

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Growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures by selective action of tryptophan-N-formylated gramicidin incorporated in lipid vesicles

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes ◽

10.1016/0005-2736(91)90394-n ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 1062 (2) ◽

pp. 206-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Gert N. Moll ◽

Vincent van den Eertwegh ◽

Huibert Tournois ◽

Ben Roelofsen ◽

Jos A.F. Op den Kamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Growth Inhibition ◽

Lipid Vesicles ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Selective Action

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Phytochemical Screening, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Biomass from Lychnis flos-cuculi L. In Vitro Cultures and Intact Plants

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michał P. Maliński ◽

Małgorzata Anna Kikowska ◽

Agata Soluch ◽

Mariusz Kowalczyk ◽

Anna Stochmal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Plant Material ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Triterpenoid Saponins ◽

Intact Plants

Lychnis flos-cuculi L., a species with potential medicinal value, contains flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoid saponins and ecdysteroids. In this study, the antioxidant activity of plant material of L. flos-cuculi obtained from in vitro cultures compared to that of intact plants from the natural site has been evaluated for the first time. Phytochemical screening of the in-vitro-derived material by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) confirmed the presence of the aforementioned metabolite classes. The aqueous methanolic extracts from in-vitro-derived plant material and the organs of intact plants were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods to quantify total phenolics, phenolic acids and flavonoids, and determine the preliminary antioxidant activity by ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity assays. The results showed that the inflorescence (Ns-F), and flowering herb of both plants gathered from natural habitat (Ns-H) and in-vitro-derived plants from the experimental plot (ExV-H) are the materials richest in polyphenols (195.4, 113.47, 112.1 mg GAE g−1 d.w., respectively), and demonstrate the highest antioxidant activity (20.14, 11.24, and 11.46 mg AAE g−1 d.w.). The extract from callus exhibited the lowest polyphenol content and antioxidant potential. The contents of total phenolics, flavonoids and phenolic acids correlate with the results of the antioxidant capacity of L. flos-cuculi extracts.

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In vitro Studies on the Toxicity of Culture Filtrates of Different Fungi on the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum

Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/jbs.2007.429.432 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 429-432

Author(s):

Abdulmoneim M.A. Saada ◽

Al-Nur El-Amin .

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Culture Filtrates

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Alkaloid Synthesis and Accumulation in Leucojum Aestivum in Vitro Cultures

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0900400328 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Strahil Berkov ◽

Atanas Pavlov ◽

Vasil Georgiev ◽

Jaume Bastida ◽

Monique Burrus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

High Variability ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Intact Plant ◽

Leucojum Aestivum ◽

Intact Plants ◽

Alkaloid Synthesis ◽

Alkaloid Profiles

The alkaloids of intact plants, calli and shoot-clump cultures of L. aestivum were analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-four alkaloids were detected. Calli appeared to produce sparse alkaloid profiles in stark contrast to shoot-clumps that had similar profiles to those of the intact plant. Seven shoot-clump strains produced galanthamine predominantly whereas another three were dominated by lycorine. Shoot-clump strains cultivated under light accumulated about two-times more galanthamine (an average of 74 μg/g of dry weight) than those cultivated in darkness (an average of 39 μg/g of dry weight). In comparison to intact plants, the shoot-clumps accumulated 5-times less galanthamine. The high variability of both the galanthamine content (67% and 75% of coefficient of variation under light and darkness conditions, respectively) and alkaloid patterns indicates that the shoot-clump cultures initiated from callus could be used as a tool for improvement of the in vitro cultures.

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Bioactivity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines and Sclerotium rolfsii filtrates on egg hatching, survival and infectivity of juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita race 2

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea02129 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

O. K. Adekunle ◽

O. A. Akinsanmi

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Population Number ◽

Juvenile Mortality ◽

Soybean Seedlings ◽

Culture Filtrates ◽

Soybean Plants

The effects of culture filtrates of Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii on egg hatching and juvenile survival of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro and impact of these filtrates on infectivity of M. incognita were investigated on soybean seedlings. Five- and 10-day-old filtrates of F. oxysporum caused 65 and 54% egg-hatching inhibition, while that of S. rolfsii caused 61 and 49% inhibition, respectively. Juveniles of M. incognita died within 6 days when incubated in 5-day-old filtrate of F. oxysporum, while the similar filtrate of S. rolfsii caused 100% juvenile mortality on the fifth day. Filtrates reduced root galling, egg population, number of adult females in soybean plants at harvest and also soil population. Culture filtrates could be used as source of biological nematicides.

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