In vitro screening of different Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates to study lytic enzyme production and growth inhibition during antagonism of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini, wilt causing pathogen of cumin

Abstract Land plants exist in close association with bacterial and fungal microbes, where some associations can be pathogenic and others can be mutualistic/beneficial. One such relation exists between host plant, Cuminum cyminum L. (Cumin) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini (Foc), the causal pathogen of cumin wilt and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf), where Pf acts as a bio-agent for inhibiting Foc and promoting plant growth of cumin. In this study, antagonism by 10 different Pf isolates against Foc was studied under laboratory conditions through percent growth inhibition and biochemical mechanisms. Among these Pf isolates, Pf-5 exhibited the highest in vitro growth inhibition (82.51%). A positive correlation was observed between percent growth inhibition and specific activities of hydrolytic enzymes, chitinase, β-1, 3 glucanase, and protease, where a negative correlation was observed with cell wall degrading enzymes, cellulase and polygalacturonase. To conclude, isolate Pf-5 could be a potential biocontrol agent for Fusarium wilt disease of cumin.

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Combinatorial efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens to enhance suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea.L

International Journal of Agricultural Research Innovation and Technology ◽

10.3329/ijarit.v7i2.35320 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 36-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P Rajeswari ◽

R Kapoor

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Pectin Methylesterase ◽

Biocontrol Agents ◽

Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Pectinolytic Enzymes

Fusarium oxysporum, the soil borne pathogen causes vascular wilt, on majority of crop plants. It has been demonstrated that two different species of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens suppress disease by different mechanisms. Therefore, application of a mixture of these biocontrol agents, and thus of several suppressive mechanisms, may represent a viable control strategy. A necessity for biocontrol by combinations of biocontrol agents can be the compatibility of the co-inoculated micro-organisms. Hence, compatibility between Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens that have the ability to suppress Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on the activity of pectinolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. The activity of pectinolytic enzymes, i.e. pectin methyl esterase, endo and exo polymethylgalacturonases and exo and endo pectin trans eliminases produced by Fusarium oxysporum (Control) was higher. Maximum inhibition of pectin methylesterase, exo and endo polymethylgalacturonase and exo and endopectin trans eliminase was shown by culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Tv+Pf) (1+2%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, (Th +Pf) (1.5+2%) and Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum (Tv+Th) (1+1.5%). However, pathogenecity suppression of Fusarium oxysporum, a causative of Arachis hypogaea. L by the compatible combination of Trichodema viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (1+2%) was significantly better as compared to the single bio-agent. This indicates that specific interactions between biocontrol agents influence suppression of pathogenicity factors directly by combinations of these compatible bio-agents.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 36-42, December, 2017

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Effect of oil cake extract and organic manure on wilt of chickpea (Cicer areitinum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri in vitro

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/146-148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 146-148

Author(s):

Ashish Shrivastava

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Percent Reduction ◽

Organic Manures ◽

Neem Cake ◽

Oil Cakes

Studies were conducted to test the effect of oil cakes and organic manures on the growth of wilt pathogen under in vitro conditions. The extract of different oil cakes and organic manures were tested against F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri by poisoned food techniques in vitro. Least growth of pathogen was recorded in extracts of Neem cake showing excellent inhibitory effect of 70.87 percent reduction over control. Next best in order of mustard cake (65.36 %), linseed (62.99%), groundnut (53.36%) and least by other. Among the organic manures tested, vermi compost and FYM showed maximum growth inhibition of 35.95 and 30.62 percent over control, respectively.

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In Vitro Evaluation of Effect of Different Essential Oils in Management of Post-Harvest Fruit Rot of Banana (Musa Paradisiaca) Caused by Colletotrichum spp

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v9i3.38614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 187-192

Author(s):

Pramod Gairhe ◽

Sandesh Bhandari ◽

Hom Prasad Sitaula ◽

Beautina Karki ◽

Hira Kaji Manandhar

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Radial Growth ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Mustard Oil ◽

Cinnamon Oil ◽

Post Harvest ◽

And Control ◽

Percent Growth Inhibition

A study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of different essential oils in the management of post-harvest fruit rot of banana. It was carried out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications and six treatments at Nepal Plant Diseases and Agro Associates (NPDA). The each of six treatments: cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum verum), mustard oil (Brassica oleracea), castor oil (Ricinus communis), neem oil (Azadirachta indica), coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) and control were used at concentrations 200ppm, 500ppm and 1000ppm respectively. The radial growth of mycelium (mm) and percent growth inhibition (%) of Colletotrichum spp. was recorded. The decrease in the radial growth and increase in the percent growth inhibition was found in all the treatments except control as their concentration was increased, in which the lowest radial growth and the highest percent growth inhibition was found at 1000 ppm concentration. At 1000 ppm concentration, cinnamon oil shows the lowest radial growth and the highest percent growth inhibition (1.67mm and 98.15%) followed by mustard oil (54.00mm and 40.00%), neem oil (55.17mm and 38.70%), castor oil (55.83mm and 37.96%), coconut oil (61.17mm and 32.04%) and control (90mm and 0.00%) respectively.Thus, cinnamon oil is considered as a good essential oil in regards to a management of post-harvest disease of banana. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(3): 187-192.

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IN VITRO EFFICACY OF PGPR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (no 1) ◽

Author(s):

K. Vignesh ◽

K. Rajamohan ◽

P. Balabaskar ◽

R. Anandan

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Critical Role ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Culture Technique ◽

Dual Culture ◽

Percent Inhibition

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important, commercial and widely grown vegetable crop in the world. Tomato plays a critical role in nutritional food requirements, income and employment opportunities for the people. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and production losses between 30%to40%. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the in vitro efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed by the Dual culture technique and Agarwell method under the in vitro conditions.Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolate Pf5 found to show the maximum percent inhibition over control (58.75%) and least mycelial growth (37.12mm) in dual culture technique against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. In Agar well method isolate Pf5 proved out the maximum inhibition zone (17.47mm)against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici and percent inhibition over control (80.97%) at 30% concentration level.

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In-vitro Studies of Plant Extracts against Alternaria brassicae (berk.) Sacc. of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and coss)

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v3i1.4101 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MAHESH SINGH ◽

H. K. SINGH

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Alternaria Brassicae ◽

Test Fungus ◽

Poison Food Technique ◽

Percent Growth Inhibition

Six plant extract viz., Datura (Daturastramonium), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulous), Karang (Pongamiaglabra),Neem (Azadirachtaindica), Madar (Calotropis gigantean) and Wild sage (Lantana camara) were evaluated in-vitro by poison food technique @ 3, 6, 9 and 12% concentrations against Alternariabrassicaecausing blight of mustard. The results revealed that all the plant extracts inhibited the percent growth inhibition against test fungus as compared to control. However A.indica was found most efficacious with growth inhibition of (38.7%) followed by E. globulus (36.7%). Some extract such as P. glabra and D. stramonium showed moderate inhibition over control (30.9 and 21.6 respectively). Among all plant extract, C. gigantean showed least (15.3%) inhibition over control against A. brassicae. These plant extracts can possibly be used as management of seedborne pathogenic fungi in an eco-friendly way.

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Characterization of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 from Tobacco Target Spot

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1161 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1010-1012 ◽

pp. 1161-1164

Author(s):

Yan Qin Zhao ◽

Yuan Hua Wu ◽

Xiu Xiang Zhao ◽

Meng Nan An ◽

Jian Guang Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽

Degrading Enzymes ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Target Spot ◽

Causal Pathogen

Rhizoctonia solaniKühn is a causal pathogen responsible for many types of plant disease worldwide and a major soilborne fungal pathogen that severely impairs yield and quality of tobacco worldwide. Activities, pathogenicity of the cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by theRhizoctoniasolanifrom tobacco target spot disease both in liquid medium and in tobacco tissue were studied. The result showed thatR.solanifrom tobacco can produce pectinase and cellulase both in vitro and vivo, and the activity of PG and PMG was the highest in vitro. The activity of Cx and β-glucosidase was the highest in vivo, and enzyme production ability of strong pathogenicity strains is stronger than the weak pathogenicity strains in vitro.

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In Vitro Inhibition of Cellulolytic Enzymes of Fusarium Oxysporum by Trichoderma spp and Pseudomonas Fluorescens on Arachis Hypogaea L

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.12138 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 106-110

Author(s):

P. Rajeswari

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

In Vitro Inhibition

In an attempt to develop biocontrol system for management of Fusarium wilt in groundnut, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum,and Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum in vitro. .Fusarium wilt diseasescaused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum lead to significant yield losses of crops. Experiments were conducted on the effect of culture filtratesof T.viride (1%), T. harzianum (1.5%), and P. fluorescens (2%) on the in vitro inhibition of cellulolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. Theactivity of 1,4 endoglucanases, 1,4exoglucanase Cellobiase produced by Fusariumoxysporum was higher, when compared to control.Maximum inhibition of above Cellulolytic enzymes (1, 4 endoglucanases, 1,4exoglucanase, Cellobiase) was shown by T. viride treatment wasfollowed by T. harzianum and P. fluorescens. Of all the treatments, T. viride treatment showed higher rate of inhibition of Cellulolytic enzymesof Fusarium oxysporum followed by that of T. harzianum and P. fluorescens.This present study indicates that culture filtrate of T.viride(1%)is the best biocontrol agent in the inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea .LDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.12138 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 106-110

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Biological Management of Colocasia Blight Incited by Phytophthora colocasiae using Native Strains of Antagonists in North Western Himalayas

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5880 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Divya Bhandhari ◽

Amar Singh ◽

J.V. Patel ◽

D.K. Banyal

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Disease Control ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Phytophthora Colocasiae ◽

Biological Management

Background: Colocasia is cultivated globally for its edible corm and leaves. Leaf blight incited by Phytophthora colocasiae is the most destructive disease of colocasia. The current study aims at biological management of the disease. Methods: Nine Trichoderma isolates from the colocasia rhizosphere soil along with five designated isolates of Trichoderma spp. already available in the Department of Plant Pathology, CSK HPKV, Palampur were tested in vitro for antagonistic activity against P. colocasiae. Similarly, six unidentified bacterial strains isolated from colocasia phylloplane and available Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated for antagonistic activity against P. colocasiae under in vitro conditions. The bioagents found best under in vitro conditions were evaluated in vivo. Result: Trichoderma isolate Ti-6 was found significantly superior bioagent as it resulted in 72.9 per cent mycelial growth inhibition of P. colocasiae followed by Ti-5 (63.2%), Ti-4 (60.1%) and Ti-1 (54.5%). Amongst bacterial antagonists, Pseudomonas fluorescens gave maximum mycelial growth inhibition of 50.5 per cent followed by Pb-3 (31.4%) and Pb-6 (30.5%). The efficacy of five Trichoderma spp isolates viz., Ti-6, Ti-5, Ti-4, Ti-1, T. viride and one bacterial isolate of P. fluorescens found effective under in vitro were also evaluated in vivo using three delivery systems under net house condition. Corm treatment with bioagents was found superior for management of colocasia blight. Corm treatment with Ti-6 was found to be significantly superior to other treatments as 93.74 per cent of disease control was observed. For drenching, bioagent Ti-6 was proved best in managing blight disease (88.91%) followed by Ti-5 (88.90%). However, Ti-5 isolate of Trichoderma sp. as soil application was found superior with 90.02 per cent disease control.

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HONGOS FITOPATÓGENOS MODULAN LA EXPRESIÓN DE LOS GENES ANTIMICROBIANOS phlD Y hcnC DE LA RIZOBACTERIA Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270

Biotecnia ◽

10.18633/biotecnia.v20i2.609 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 110-116

Author(s):

Julie E. Hernández-Salmerón ◽

Benjamín R. Hernández-Flores ◽

Ma del Carmen Rocha-Granados ◽

Pedro D. Loeza- Lara ◽

Gustavo Santoyo

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Fusarium Solani

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto antagónico de la rizobacteria promotora del crecimiento vegetal Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270 hacia los hongos fitopatógenos Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani y Rhizoctonia solani. También, se determinó la expresión de los genes phlD y hcnC de la cepa UM270 en presencia de los fitopatógenos durante bioensayos de antagonismo in vitro. Los resultados muestran que la cepa UM270 logra inhibir el crecimiento del micelio de B. cinerea (45%), F. solani (25%) y R. solani (24%) en diferente grado, mientras que para F. oxysporum (1%) no hubo inhibición significativa. Al analizar la expresión del gen phlD, se observó que los patógenos la modulan diferencialmente, ya que mientras B. cinerea induce su expresión, los demás patógenos la reprimen . En el caso del gen hcnC, B. cinerea y F. oxysporum no afectaron su expresión, mientras que F. solani y R. solani la inhibieron. Estos resultados sugieren que los fitopatógenos pueden modular la expresión de genes importantes para la síntesis de compuestos antimicrobianos en Pseudomonas fluoresces UM270.

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