scholarly journals Practical Structure and Moral Skill

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Skill Learning ◽  
Human Skill ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Boundaries

Abstract I argue that moral skill is limited and precarious. It is limited because global moral skill—the capacity for morally excellent behaviour within an über action domain, such as the domain of living, or of all-things-considered decisions, or the same kind of capacity applied across a superset of more specific action domains—is not to be found in humans. It is precarious because relatively local moral skill, while possible, is prone to misfire. My arguments depend upon the diversity of practical structures confronting human agents, the limitations of human skill learning and reason-sensitivity, and the failure of moral considerations to respect the social and institutional boundaries we develop to structure our practical lives.

Global Curriculum Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Friedrichs
Keyword(s):  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Educational Model ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Global Curriculum ◽  
Inclusive Curriculum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Education Theory ◽  
Institutional Boundaries

How can higher education empower students as agents of the social transformations that our societies need so urgently? Linn Friedrichs connects John Dewey's education theory, current research on globalization, and inclusive curriculum design approaches to propose a new educational model for our age of complexity, crisis, and innovation. Drawing lessons from NYU's efforts to globalize its research, pedagogy, and social impact, she presents building blocks for a new curricular core that is structured around the key challenges of our time and the competencies of »complexity resilience«. It becomes the essential foundation for action-oriented partnerships across cultural, disciplinary, generational, and institutional boundaries.

scholarly journals An Avian Basal Ganglia-Forebrain Circuit Contributes Differentially to Syllable Versus Sequence Variability of Adult Bengalese Finch Song

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 3235-3245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara M. Hampton ◽  
Jon T. Sakata ◽  
Michael S. Brainard
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Syllable Structure ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Behavioral Variability ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Social Modulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Learned Behaviors ◽  
Magnocellular Nucleus

Behavioral variability is important for motor skill learning but continues to be present and actively regulated even in well-learned behaviors. In adult songbirds, two types of song variability can persist and are modulated by social context: variability in syllable structure and variability in syllable sequencing. The degree to which the control of both types of adult variability is shared or distinct remains unknown. The output of a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit, LMAN (the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium), has been implicated in song variability. For example, in adult zebra finches, neurons in LMAN actively control the variability of syllable structure. It is unclear, however, whether LMAN contributes to variability in adult syllable sequencing because sequence variability in adult zebra finch song is minimal. In contrast, Bengalese finches retain variability in both syllable structure and syllable sequencing into adulthood. We analyzed the effects of LMAN lesions on the variability of syllable structure and sequencing and on the social modulation of these forms of variability in adult Bengalese finches. We found that lesions of LMAN significantly reduced the variability of syllable structure but not of syllable sequencing. We also found that LMAN lesions eliminated the social modulation of the variability of syllable structure but did not detect significant effects on the modulation of sequence variability. These results show that LMAN contributes differentially to syllable versus sequence variability of adult song and suggest that these forms of variability are regulated by distinct neural pathways.

scholarly journals Human skill learning: expansion, exploration, selection, and refinement

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Martin Lövdén ◽  
Benjamín Garzón ◽  
Ulman Lindenberger
Keyword(s):  
Skill Learning ◽  
Human Skill

Study regarding the role played by exercise in developing the lung capacity in teenagers with Down syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Slicaru Adina Camelia
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Social Skill ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Motor Skill Learning ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After

This research aims to study the respiratory modifications that happen after exercising in teenagers with Down syndrome (DS). The research is based on the pathophysiological theoretical notions regarding DS and theoretical–methodical notions of exercise. The study was conducted over 6 months, in the gym of the Faculty of Movement, Sports, and Health Sciences, on 20 subjects. Exercising was used as an instrument to reach several objectives, such as team work, motor skill learning and the reeducation of respiration. To reach these objectives, exercising was used as individual and team play, and to identify the modifications in the studied parameters, several methods were used: a social skill questionnaire and the monitoring of pulse and respiratory rate before and after exercising. The results of the study have demonstrated an improvement in the respiratory parameters, a consolidation of the motor skills and a development of the social skills. Keywords: Down syndrome, physical exercise, lung capacity.

The Social Responsibility of the Firm

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-188
Author(s):  
Alvaro Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Principal Agent Theory ◽  
Agent Theory ◽  
Boundaries Of The Firm ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Institutional Boundaries ◽  
Legal Grounds

This chapter pursues a normative approach to corporate governance, bridging economic theory on the nature of the firm and corporate management strategy. It intends to show that from a welfare economics perspective there is room for improvement if governments are willing to revisit the legal framework and redesign the institutional boundaries of the firm. In concrete, echoing concerns being put forward by the World Economic Forum and other international organisations, it is proposed that the social accountability of the modern corporation and its institutional boundaries should be revisited on legal grounds. A new role for top management is advanced in the context of principal-agent theory.

The pressure of objectives and reality: Social workers’ perceptions of their occupational complexities in a trade journal in 1958–1999

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Turtiainen ◽  
Ari Väänänen ◽  
Pekka Varje
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Trade Journal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nordic Welfare State ◽  
Institutional Boundaries

This article studies social workers’ occupational discussions on the complexities of their work in a Finnish social workers’ trade union journal in 1958–1999. The journal illustrates the flip side of social work; the quest for professionalization, the struggle for fair pay, and social workers’ perceptions of their occupational status and job dissatisfaction. We traced the significant turning points in their difficulties and challenges at work and identified the junctures at which the major occupational difficulties came to the surface, transformed and received an established position in the professional mindset. The four junctures identified are: the making of the profession (1958–1968), the politicization of social work and working conditions (1974–1981), a heightened awareness of work pressures (1982–1990), and the social work crisis (1991–1999). Our analysis leads to the conclusion that job complexities at work were related to the transformations in welfare policy and ideology. The historical periodization of the occupational complexities indicates that social workers collectively reasserted the profession of social work and its institutional boundaries into a broader rubric of the demands brought about by changing society and the development of the Nordic welfare state.

scholarly journals Rethinking Vocational Rehabilitation through Institutional Ethnography

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Yde Aksnes
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Institutional Ethnography ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Activation Policy ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Institutional Boundaries

In Norway, vocational rehabilitation for people with support needs involves complex inter-professional and inter-organizational processes that do not have clear institutional boundaries. Every process involves a new constellation of actors, representing divergent practices, ideas and objectives. This article argues that much of the current research on the implementation of activation policy inadequately captures the mechanisms and processes that influence vocational rehabilitation practices. The article proposes the use of institutional ethnography (IE) to empirically examine vocational rehabilitation, and argues that IE provides methodological concepts and tools that enable researchers to link and make visible the everyday practices, the social relations and the institutional contexts that make up vocational rehabilitation processes.

A new golf swing robot to simulate human skill—Learning control based on direct dynamics model using recurrent ANN

Mechatronics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiguo Ming ◽  
Shinya Furukawa ◽  
Teppei Teshima ◽  
Makoto Shimojo ◽  
Makoto Kajitani
Keyword(s):  
Learning Control ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Golf Swing ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Direct Dynamics ◽  
Human Skill

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MAHÂRAH AL-KALÂM BERBASIS MEDIA SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI TIKTOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zubaidi ◽  
Junanah Junanah ◽  
M. Ja'far Shodiq
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Study Program ◽  
The Social ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Feasibility Test

This study aims to develop social media-based Mahārah al-kalām learning media using the TikTok application and to test the feasibility of these learning media. In the development of this learning media, the researcher used the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) development type with 42 students as respondents in the Arabic language course at the Islamic Education Study Program of the Universitas Islam Indonesia with the data collection technique in the form of a questionnaire which included components, material, display, and operation/use. From the feasibility test of learning media by media experts, a percentage of 85.7% was obtained with the very feasible category, the material expert test obtained a percentage of 92.8% with a very feasible category. Then the learning media was tested extensively (in the field) to 42 students by getting a percentage of 82.12% in the very feasible category. The average of the results of the expert tests and trials mentioned above, the percentage results are 86.9%, which means that the social media-based mahārah al-kalām (speaking skill) learning media using the TikTok application is very feasible to use.

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