Oral administration of pravastatin reduces egg cholesterol but not plasma cholesterol in laying hens

Aims: Arganimide A (4,4-dihydroxy-3,3-imino-di-benzoic acid) is a compound belonging to a family of aminophenolics found in fruit of Argania spinosa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose and lipid lowering activity of Arganimide A (ARG A). Methods: The effect of a single dose and daily oral administration of Arganimide A (ARG A) on blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profile was tested in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. Results: Single oral administration of ARG A reduced blood glucose levels from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 14.27±0.73 mmol/L (p<0.0001) six hours after administration in STZ diabetic rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased from 5.35±0.30 mmol/L to 3.57±0.17 mmol/L (p<0.0001) and from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 3.67±0.29 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in normal and STZ diabetic rats, respectively, after seven days of treatment. Moreover, no significant changes in body weight in normal and STZ rats were shown. According to the lipid profile, the plasma triglycerides levels were decreased significantly in diabetic rats after seven days of ARG treatment (p<0.05). Moreover, seven days of ARG A treatment decreased significantly the plasma cholesterol concentrations (p<0.001). Conclusion: ARG A possesses glucose and lipid-lowering activity in diabetic rats and this natural compound may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.

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Plasma Lipid-lowering and Lipogenesis-stimulating Actions of Ginseng Saponins in Tumor-bearing Rats

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x8300015x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 11 (01n04) ◽

pp. 88-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Masahiro Yamamoto ◽

Akira Kumagai ◽

Yuichi Yamamura

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Lipid Fraction ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Male Rats ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Tumor Bearing ◽

Saponin Content

Ascited hepatoma (AH41C or AH130) was transplanted to male rats Donryu, strain. Plasma cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acid levels were reduced with oral administration of ginseng principle fraction 3 (saponin content, ca. 1/5). Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into total lipids and fatty acids in adipose tissue was increased by fraction 3 administration in both normal and tumor-bearing rats. The incorporation increased in earlier stage of tumor growth and decreased in the later one. Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into total lipid, free and esterified cholesterol, TG and phospholipid in the liver was also enhanced by fraction 3 administration in both normal and tumor-bearing animals. In vitro addition of ginseng principle fraction 4 (saponin content, ca. 1/2) increased incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into lipid fraction is adipose tissue and liver. Incorporation of 1-[14C]-acetate into lipid fractions in ascites hepatoma cells remained unchanged with both oral administration of fraction 3 and in vitro addition of fraction 4. DNA and protein synthesis in the tumor cells was not changed with in vitro addition of fraction 4.

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Transferring and Distributing Profiles of p,p'-(DDT) in Egg-forming Tissues and Eggs of Laying Hens Following a Single Oral Administration

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A ◽

10.1046/j.1439-0442.2002.00432.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 334-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

N. FURUSAWA

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Single Oral Administration

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Assessment of Egg Nutrient Compositional Changes and Residue in Eggs, Tissues, and Excreta Following Oral Administration of Atorvastatin to Laying Hens

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf0212441 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 51 (11) ◽

pp. 3473-3481 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Robert G. Elkin ◽

Emily J. Furumoto ◽

Charles R. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Compositional Changes

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Slight Disruption in Intestinal Environment by Dextran Sodium Sulfate Reduces Egg Yolk Size Through Disfunction of Ovarian Follicle Growth

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2020.607369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Takahiro Nii ◽

Takashi Bungo ◽

Naoki Isobe ◽

Yukinori Yoshimura

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Sodium Sulfate ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Ovarian Follicle ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽

Intestinal Environment

Intestinal environments such as microbiota, mucosal barrier function, and cytokine production affect egg production in laying hens. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is an agent that disrupts the intestinal environment. Previously, we reported that the oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS: 0.9 g/kg BW) for 5 days caused severe intestinal inflammation in laying hens. However, the DSS concentration in the previous study was much higher to induce a milder disruption of the intestinal environment without heavy symptoms. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine the effects of a lower dose of DSS on the intestinal environment and egg production in laying hens. White Leghorn laying hens (330-day old) were oral administered with or without 0.225 g DSS/kg BW for 28 days (DSS and control group: n = 7 and 8, respectively). Weekly we collected all laid eggs and blood plasma samples. Intestinal tissues, liver, ovarian follicles, and the anterior pituitary gland were collected 1 day after the final treatment. Lower concentrations of orally administered DSS caused (1) a decrease in the ratio of villus height/crypt depth, occludin gene expressions in large intestine and cecal microbiota diversity, (2) a decrease in egg yolk weight, (3) an increase in VLDLy in blood plasma, (4), and enhanced the egg yolk precursor accumulation in the gene expression pattern in the follicular granulosa layer, (5) an increase in FSH and IL-1β gene expression in the pituitary gland, and (6) an increase in concentration of plasma lipopolysaccharide binding protein. These results suggested that the administration of the lower concentration of DSS caused a slight disruption in the intestinal environment. This disruption included poor intestinal morphology and decreased cecal microbiome diversity. The change in the intestinal environment decreases egg yolk size without decreasing the VLDLy supply from the liver. The decrease in egg yolk size is likely to be caused by the dysfunction of egg-yolk precursor uptake in ovarian follicles. In conclusion, the oral administration of a lower dose of DSS is an useful method to cause slight disruptions of intestinal environment, and the intestinal condition decreases egg yolk size through disfunction of ovarian follicle.

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Estimation of the Withdrawal Time of Levamisole in Eggs after Oral Administration to Laying Hens

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-194 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 81 (10) ◽

pp. 1627-1634 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

BOŽICA SOLOMUN KOLANOVIĆ ◽

NINA BILANDŽIĆ ◽

IVANA VARENINA ◽

ĐURĐICA BOŽIĆ LUBURIĆ ◽

INES VARGA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Relative Standard Deviation ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Withdrawal Time ◽

End Of Treatment ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Validation Parameters ◽

Egg Yolks

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate withdrawal time of levamisole in eggs after oral administration in laying hens at different doses. Sampling of eggs was conducted for 37 days after the end of treatment, and levamisole concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Estimated validation parameters were as follows: decision limit, 0.54 μg/kg; detection capability, 0.56 μg/kg; limit of detection, 0.04 μg/kg; limit of quantification, 0.15 μg/kg; accuracy (recovery), between 92.9 and 102.3%; precision (relative standard deviation), ≤4.62%; and within-laboratory precision (relative standard deviation), ≤5.19%. Levamisole residue levels were significantly higher in egg yolks than in egg whites. The highest levels of levamisole were detected on day 2 posttreatment in groups receiving 50 mg/kg of body weight (556.2 μg/kg in egg yolks and 166.5 μg/kg in egg whites). Significant elimination occurred within 5 days after the cessation of treatment in all groups, with an elimination half-life of 1.3 days. Levamisole was still detectable on day 30 after the end of treatment in egg whites (0.06 μg/kg) and on day 37 in egg yolks (0.06 μg/kg). The longest withdrawal time for levamisole in eggs (14.9 days) was determined in a group treated with 25 mg of levamisole per kg of body weight for two consecutive days. According to the results, oral treatment of laying hens with levamisole may result in noncompliant egg samples even 14 days after treatment.

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