scholarly journals Porous polyetheretherketone microcarriers fabricated via hydroxylation together with cell-derived mineralized extracellular matrix coatings promote cell expansion and bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Sun ◽  
Zixue Jiao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Zhenxu Wu ◽  
Haowei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
Rat Calvarial Defect

Abstract Porous microcarriers have aroused increasing attention recently by facilitating oxygen and nutrient transfer, supporting cell attachment and growth with sufficient cell seeding density. In this study, porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) microcarriers coated with mineralized extracellular matrix (mECM), known for their chemical, mechanical and biological superiority, were developed for orthopedic applications. Porous PEEK microcarriers were derived from smooth microcarriers using a simple wet-chemistry strategy involving the reduction of carbonyl groups. This treatment simultaneously modified surface topology and chemical composition. Furthermore, the microstructure, protein absorption, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of the obtained porous microcarriers were investigated. The deposition of mECM through repeated recellularization and decellularization on the surface of porous MCs further promoted cell proliferation and osteogenic activity. Additionally, the mECM coated porous microcarriers exhibited excellent bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect repair model in vivo, suggesting huge potential applications in bone tissue engineering.

Melatonin decorated 3D-printed beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds promoting bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3250-3259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Miao ◽  
Yunhua Chen ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Jingjing Diao ◽  
Naru Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Rat Calvarial Defect

3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds decorated with melatonin via dopamine mussel-inspired chemistry enhance the osteogenesis and in vivo bone regeneration.

scholarly journals A novel MRI compatible mouse fracture model to characterize and monitor bone regeneration and tissue composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Schmitz ◽  
Melanie Timmen ◽  
Katharina Kostka ◽  
Verena Hoerr ◽  
Christian Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Callus Tissues

Abstract Over the last years, murine in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contributed to a new understanding of tissue composition, regeneration and diseases. Due to artefacts generated by the currently used metal implants, MRI is limited in fracture healing research so far. In this study, we investigated a novel MRI-compatible, ceramic intramedullary fracture implant during bone regeneration in mice. Three-point-bending revealed a higher stiffness of the ceramic material compared to the metal implants. Electron microscopy displayed a rough surface of the ceramic implant that was comparable to standard metal devices and allowed cell attachment and growth of osteoblastic cells. MicroCT-imaging illustrated the development of the callus around the fracture site indicating a regular progressing healing process when using the novel implant. In MRI, different callus tissues and the implant could clearly be distinguished from each other without any artefacts. Monitoring fracture healing using MRI-compatible implants will improve our knowledge of callus tissue regeneration by 3D insights longitudinal in the same living organism, which might also help to reduce the consumption of animals for future fracture healing studies, significantly. Finally, this study may be translated into clinical application to improve our knowledge about human bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Effects of P-15 Peptide Coated Hydroxyapatite on Tibial Defect Repair In Vivo in Normal and Osteoporotic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Hestehave Pedersen ◽  
Marina Rasmussen ◽  
Søren Overgaard ◽  
Ming Ding
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Defect Repair ◽  
Paired Design ◽  
Tibia Defect

This study assessed the efficacy of anorganic bone mineral coated with P-15 peptide (ABM/P-15) on tibia defect repair longitudinally in both normal and osteoporotic rats in vivo. A paired design was used. 24 Norwegian brown rats were divided into normal and osteoporotic groups. 48 cylindrical defects were created in proximal tibias bilaterally. Defects were filled with ABM/P-15 or left empty. Osteoporotic status was assessed by microarchitectural analysis. Microarchitectural properties of proximal tibial defects were evaluated at 4 time points. 21 days after surgery, tibias were harvested for histology and histomorphometry. Significantly increased bone volume fraction, surface density, and connectivity were seen in all groups at days 14 and 21 compared with day 0. Moreover, the structure type of ABM/P-15 group was changed toward typical plate-like structure. Microarchitectural properties of ABM/P-15 treated newly formed bones at 21 days were similar in normal and osteoporotic rats. Histologically, significant bone formation was seen in all groups. Interestingly, significantly increased bone formation was seen in osteoporotic rats treated with ABM/P-15 indicating optimized healing potential. Empty defects showed lower healing potential in osteoporotic bone. In conclusion, ABM/P-15 accelerated bone regeneration in osteoporotic rats but did not enhance bone regeneration in normal rats.

Bone Regeneration Using Hydroxyapatite Sponge Scaffolds with In Vivo Deposited Extracellular Matrix

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 2649-2661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiza Dolendo Ventura ◽  
Andrew Reyes Padalhin ◽  
Young-Ki Min ◽  
Byong-Taek Lee
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bone Regeneration

scholarly journals Increased BMSC Exosomal miR-140-3p Alleviates Bone Degradation and Promotes Bone Restoration by Targeting Plxnb1 in Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xuanchen Liu ◽  
Zhen Tang ◽  
Xinghui Wei ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Degradation ◽  
Defect Repair

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be an important factor for bone degeneration disorders such as bone defect nonunion, which is characterized by physical disability and tremendous economy cost to families and society. Exosomal miRNAs of BMSCs have been reported to participate in osteoblastogenesis and modulating bone formation. However, their impacts on the development of bone degeneration in DM are not yet known. The role of miRNAs in BMSCs exosomes on regulating hyperglycemia bone degeneration was investigated in the present study. Results: The osteogenic potential in bone defect repair of exosomes derived from diabetes mellitus BMSCs derived exosomes (DM-Exos) were revealed to be lower than that in normal BMSCs derived exosomes (N-Exos) in vitro and in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that miR-140-3p level was significantly altered in exosomes derived from BMSCs, ADSCs and serum from DM rats. In in vitro experiments, upregulated miR-140-3p exosomes promoted DM BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts. The effects were exerted by miR-140-3p targeting plxnb1, plexin B1 is the receptor of semaphoring 4D(Sema4D) that inhibited osteocytes differentiation, thereby promoting bone formation. In DM rats with bone defect, miR-140-3p upregulated exosomes were transplanted into injured bone and accelerated bone regeneration. Besides, miR-140-3p in the exosomes was transferred into BMSCs and osteoblasts and promoted bone regeneration by targeting the plexin B1/RohA/ROCK signaling pathway. Conclusions: Normal-Exos and miR-140-3p overexpressed-Exos accelerated diabetic wound healing by promoting the osteoblastogenesis function of BMSCs through inhibition plexin B1 expression which is the receptor of Sema4D and the plexin B1/RhoA/ROCK pathway compared with diabetes mellitus-Exos. This offers a new insight and a new therapy for treating diabetic bone unhealing.

scholarly journals An ECM-Mimicking, Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Embedded Hybrid Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozafina Haj ◽  
Tharwat Haj Khalil ◽  
Mizied Falah ◽  
Eyal Zussman ◽  
Samer Srouji
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
Hybrid Scaffold

While biologically feasible, bone repair is often inadequate, particularly in cases of large defects. The search for effective bone regeneration strategies has led to the emergence of bone tissue engineering (TE) techniques. When integrating electrospinning techniques, scaffolds featuring randomly oriented or aligned fibers, characteristic of the extracellular matrix (ECM), can be fabricated. In parallel, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are capable of both self-renewing and differentiating into numerous tissue types, have been suggested to be a suitable option for cell-based tissue engineering therapies. This work aimed to create a novel biocompatible hybrid scaffold composed of electrospun polymeric nanofibers combined with osteoconductive ceramics, loaded with human MSCs, to yield a tissue-like construct to promote in vivo bone formation. Characterization of the cell-embedded scaffolds demonstrated their resemblance to bone tissue extracellular matrix, on both micro- and nanoscales and MSC viability and integration within the electrospun nanofibers. Subcutaneous implantation of the cell-embedded scaffolds in the dorsal side of mice led to new bone, muscle, adipose, and connective tissue formation within 8 weeks. This hybrid scaffold may represent a step forward in the pursuit of advanced bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

Attachment and Proliferation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts onto ECM-Immobilized PLGA Films

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 291-294
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Son ◽  
Dong Wook Han ◽  
H.H. Kim ◽  
Hee Joong Kim ◽  
In Seop Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Cell Seeding ◽  
Plga Film

In this study, human dermal fibroblast behaviors onto non-porous PLGA (75:25) films immobilized with 1, 10 and 100 µg/ml collagen (CN) or fibronectin (FN) were investigated according to different cell-seeding densities (1,000, 10,000 and 100,000 cells/ml). Cell attachment and proliferation were assessed using water soluble tetrazolium salt. The results indicated that 1 µg/ml of FN-immobilized PLGA film demonstrated significantly (p < 0.05) superior cellular attachment to the intact PLGA film after 4 hr of incubation. Moreover, the number of attached cells was shown to be directly proportional to that of initially seeded cells. After 48 hr, the cells showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher proliferation onto 1 or 10 µg/ml of FN-immobilized PLGA films than onto other PLGA films, regardless of the initial cell-seeding density. In terms of CN-immobilization, cell proliferation was appreciably increased but it was relatively lower than FN-immobilization. These results suggested that ECM-immobilization can enhance the cell affinity of hydrophobic scaffolds and be used to potential applications for tissue engineering by supporting cell growth.

scholarly journals Application of AMOR in Craniofacial Rabbit Bone Bioengineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Freire ◽  
Jeong-Ho Choi ◽  
Anthony Nguyen ◽  
Young Deok Chee ◽  
Joong-Ki Kook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Absorbable Collagen Sponge ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Rat Calvarial Defect ◽  
Ultimate Objective

Endogenous molecular and cellular mediators modulate tissue repair and regeneration. We have recently described antibody mediated osseous regeneration (AMOR) as a novel strategy for bioengineering bone in rat calvarial defect. This entails application of anti-BMP-2 antibodies capable ofin vivocapturing of endogenous osteogenic BMPs (BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7). The present study sought to investigate the feasibility of AMOR in other animal models. To that end, we examined the efficacy of a panel of anti-BMP-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and a polyclonal Ab immobilized on absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) to mediate bone regeneration within rabbit calvarial critical size defects. After 6 weeks,de novobone formation was demonstrated by micro-CT imaging, histology, and histomorphometric analysis. Only certain anti-BMP-2 mAb clones mediated significantin vivobone regeneration, suggesting that the epitopes with which anti-BMP-2 mAbs react are critical to AMOR. Increased localization of BMP-2 protein and expression of osteocalcin were observed within defects, suggesting accumulation of endogenous BMP-2 and/or increased de novo expression of BMP-2 protein within sites undergoing bone repair by AMOR. Considering the ultimate objective of translation of this therapeutic strategy in humans, preclinical studies will be necessary to demonstrate the feasibility of AMOR in progressively larger animal models.

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