scholarly journals Validation of statistical shape modelling to predict hip osteoarthritis in females: data from two prospective cohort studies (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee and Chingford)

Rheumatology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2033-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rintje Agricola ◽  
Kirsten M. Leyland ◽  
Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra ◽  
Geraint E. Thomas ◽  
Pieter J. Emans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Shape Modelling ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Statistical Shape Modelling

scholarly journals Describing the application of statistical shape modelling to DXA images to quantify the shape of the proximal femur at ages 14 and 18 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Frysz ◽  
Jenny S. Gregory ◽  
Richard M. Aspden ◽  
Lavinia Paternoster ◽  
Jonathan H. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Shape Modelling ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Statistical Shape Modelling ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

Bones are complex objects with considerable variation in the shape and structure often attributed to anatomical, environmental or genetic differences. In addition, bone shape has been of interest in relation to its associations with disease processes. Hip shape is an important determinant of hip osteoarthritis and osteoporotic hip fracture; however, its quantification is difficult. While previous studies largely focused on individual geometrical indices of hip geometry such as neck-shaft angle or femoral neck width, statistical shape modelling offers the means to quantify the entire contour of the proximal femur, including lesser trochanter and acetabular eyebrow. We describe the derivation of independent modes of variation (hip shape mode scores) to characterise variation in hip shape from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) offspring, using statistical shape modelling. ALSPAC is a rich source of phenotypic and genotypic data which provides a unique opportunity to investigate the environmental and genetic influences on hip shape in adolescence, as well as comparison with adult hip shape.

scholarly journals Using statistical shape modelling of DXA images to quantify the shape of the proximal femur at ages 14 and 18 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Monika Frysz ◽  
Jenny S. Gregory ◽  
Richard M. Aspden ◽  
Lavinia Paternoster ◽  
Jonathan H. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Shape Modelling ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Statistical Shape Modelling ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

Hip shape is an important determinant of hip osteoarthritis and osteoporotic hip fracture; however, little is known about its development in childhood and adolescence. While previous studies largely focused on individual geometrical indices of hip geometry such as neck-shaft angle or femoral neck width, statistical shape modelling offers the means to quantify the entire contour of the proximal femur, including lesser trochanter and acetabular eyebrow. We describe the derivation of independent modes of variation (hip shape mode scores) to characterise variation in hip shape from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) offspring, using statistical shape modelling. ALSPAC is a rich source of phenotypic and genotypic data which provides a unique opportunity to investigate the environmental and genetic influences on hip shape in adolescence, as well as comparison with adult hip shape.

Dietary Fat Intake and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ruan ◽  
Jun Tang ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Kelei Li ◽  
Duo Li
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat Intake

Background: Epidemiological studies showed that dietary fat intake is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia risk, however, the association remain inconsistent. This metaanalysis aimed to systematically examine the association of dietary fat intake with AD and dementia risk. Methods: We have systematically searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library up to May 1st 2017. Prospective cohort studies were included if they reported on the association of dietary fat intake with AD and dementia risk. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RRs) for the highest versus lowest category were pooled by using a random-effects model. Results: A total of 8630 participants and 633 cases from four independent prospective cohort studies were included in the present meta-analysis. A higher dietary saturated fat intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of 39% and 105% for AD (RR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.94) and dementia (RR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.06, 3.98), respectively. Dose-response analysis indicated a 4 g/day increment of saturated fat intake was related to 15% higher risk of AD (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.31). However, there was no significant association found between dietary intake of total, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fat and AD or dementia risk. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides significant evidence of positive association between higher saturated fat intake and AD and dementia risk.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Venous Thromboembolism: Two Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Maria Bruzelius ◽  
Scott M. Damrauer ◽  
Niclas Håkansson ◽  
Alicja Wolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Sex differences and the role of education in cognitive ageing: analysis of two UK-based prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e106-e115
Author(s):  
Mikaela Bloomberg ◽  
Aline Dugravot ◽  
Julien Dumurgier ◽  
Mika Kivimaki ◽  
Aurore Fayosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cognitive Ageing ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Lipid profile and prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangmei Zhao ◽  
Dongying Wang ◽  
Lijie Qin
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background This meta-analysis based on prospective cohort studies aimed to evaluate the associations of lipid profiles with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were systematically searched for prospective cohort study published through December 2019, and the pooled results were calculated using the random-effects model. Results Twenty-one studies with a total of 76,221 patients with CHD met the inclusion criteria. The per standard deviation (SD) increase in triglyceride was associated with a reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Furthermore, the per SD increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was associated with a reduced risk of cardiac death, whereas patients with lower HDL-C were associated with an increased risk of MACE, all-cause mortality, and cardiac death. Finally, the risk of MACE was significantly increased in patients with CHD with high lipoprotein(a) levels. Conclusions The results of this study suggested that lipid profile variables could predict major cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with CHD.

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