scholarly journals 176.4 Whole-Brain Spectroscopic Imaging of Glutamate in First-Episode Psychosis Before and After Antipsychotic Therapy.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S91-S92
Author(s):  
Juan Bustillo ◽  
Thomas Jones ◽  
Joel Upston ◽  
Charles Gasparovic
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Before And After

Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praful Prabhuappa Kapse ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Expressed Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group Family

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

Conceptual disorganization and redistribution of resting state cortical hubs in untreated first episode psychosis: A 7T MRI study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avyarthana Dey ◽  
Kara Dempster ◽  
Michael Mackinley ◽  
Peter Jeon ◽  
Tushar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background:Network level dysconnectivity has been studied in positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Conceptual disorganization (CD) is a symptom subtype which predicts impaired real-world functioning in psychosis. Systematic reviews have reported aberrant connectivity in formal thought disorder, a construct related to CD. However, no studies have investigated whole-brain functional correlates of CD in psychosis. We sought to investigate brain regions explaining the severity of CD in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEPs) compared with healthy controls (HCs).Methods:We computed whole-brain binarized degree centrality maps of 31 FEPs, 25 HCs and characterized the patterns of network connectivity in the two groups. In FEPs, we related these findings to the severity of CD. We also studied the effect of positive and negative symptoms on altered network connectivity.Results:Compared to HCs, reduced hubness of a right superior temporal gyrus (rSTG) cluster was observed in the FEPs. In patients exhibiting high CD, increased hubness of a medial superior parietal (mSPL) cluster was observed, compared to patients exhibiting low CD. These two regions were strongly correlated with CD scores but not with other symptom scores.Discussion:Our observations are congruent with previous findings of reduced but not increased hubness. We observed increased hubness of mSPL suggesting that cortical reorganization occurs to provide alternate routes for information transfer.Conclusion:These findings provide insight into the underlying neural processes mediating the presentation of symptoms in untreated FEP. A longitudinal tracking of the symptom course will be useful to assess the mechanisms underlying these compensatory changes.

scholarly journals Brain structural correlates of functional capacity in first-episode psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Alkan ◽  
Geoff Davies ◽  
Kathy Greenwood ◽  
Simon L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Abstract Impaired functional capacity is a core feature of schizophrenia and presents even in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Impairments in daily functioning tend to persist despite antipsychotic therapy but their neural basis is less clear. Previous studies suggest that volume loss in frontal cortex might be an important contributor, but findings are inconsistent. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the brain structural correlates of functional capacity in FEP using MRI and a reliable objective measure of functioning [University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA)]. In a sample of FEP (n = 39) and a well-matched control group (n = 21), we measured cortical thickness, gray matter volume, and white matter tract integrity (fractional anisotropy, FA) within brain regions implicated by previous work. The FEP group had thinner cortex in various frontal regions and fusiform, and reduced FA in inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). In FEP, poorer functional capacity correlated with reduced superior frontal volume and lower FA in left ILF. Importantly, frontal brain volumes and integrity of the ILF were identified as the structural correlates of functional capacity in FEP, controlling for other relevant factors. These findings enhance mechanistic understanding of functional capacity deficits in schizophrenia by specifying the underlying neural correlates. In future, this could help inform intervention strategies.

Profiling of Acylcarnitines in First Episode Psychosis before and after Antipsychotic Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3558-3566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kärt Kriisa ◽  
Liisa Leppik ◽  
Roman Balõtšev ◽  
Aigar Ottas ◽  
Ursel Soomets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals M175. BRAIN STRUCTURAL CORRELATES OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S203
Author(s):  
Erkan Alkan ◽  
Geoff Davies ◽  
Simon Evans
Keyword(s):  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus

Abstract Background Impaired functional capacity is a core feature of schizophrenia and present even in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. Impairments in daily functioning tend to persist despite antipsychotic therapy but their neural basis is not clear. Previous studies suggest that volume loss in frontal cortex might be an important contributor but findings are inconsistent. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the brain structural correlates of functional capacity in first episode psychosis using MRI and a reliable objective measure of functioning (University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA)) Methods In FEP and a well-matched control group, we measured cortical thickness, gray matter volume, and white matter tract integrity (fractional anisotropy, FA) in specific regions implicated by previous work. Between-group differences in these parameters were assessed first. We then examined correlations between MRI measures and UPSA scores in the FEP group while controlling for negative symptomology and medication use. Results The FEP group had thinner cortex in various frontal regions, fusiform, and insula, and reduced FA in inferior longitudinal fasciculus. In FEP, poorer functioning (UPSA) correlated with reduced superior frontal volume and lower FA in inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Discussion In accordance with previous findings, FEP exhibited widespread brain structural differences compared to controls. Importantly, frontal brain volumes and integrity of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus were identified as the structural correlates of functional capacity in FEP, after controlling for other relevant factors. These findings enhance mechanistic understanding of functional capacity deficits in schizophrenia by specifying the underlying neural correlates. In future, this could help inform intervention strategies.

Reward alterations in antipsychotic naive first episode psychosis before and after treatment with a partial dopamine agonist

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S977-S978
Author(s):  
K. Tangmose ◽  
M.Ø. Nielsen ◽  
A. Sigvard ◽  
K. Jessen ◽  
K. Bojesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Partial Dopamine Agonist

scholarly journals Substance Use and Abuse in First-Episode Psychosis: Prevalence Before and After Early Intervention

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1354-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Archie ◽  
B. R. Rush ◽  
N. Akhtar-Danesh ◽  
R. Norman ◽  
A. Malla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Substance Use And Abuse ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Antipsychotics on Cytokines Levels in First Episode Psychosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2488
Author(s):  
Piotr Marcinowicz ◽  
Magdalena Więdłocha ◽  
Natalia Zborowska ◽  
Weronika Dębowska ◽  
Piotr Podwalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Cytokines have a major impact on the neurotransmitter networks that are involved in schizophrenia pathophysiology. First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients exhibit abnormalities in cytokines levels prior to the start of treatment. Previous studies showed that antipsychotic treatment modulates cytokines levels. The aim of this meta-analysis is to further investigate this relationship. Methods: Several online databases were searched. For meta-analysis of selected studies, we analysed variables containing the number of cases, mean and standard deviation of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ levels before, and after, antipsychotic treatment. Results: 12 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our main results demonstrate that, in FEP patients, antipsychotic treatment is related to decreased concentrations of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory IL-4, IL-10 cytokines. On the other hand, levels of pro-inflammatory IL-2 and IL-17 remain unaffected. Conclusions: When compared with other meta-analyses of studies involving FEP individuals, results we obtained are consistent regarding decrease in IL-1β, IL-6. Comparing outcomes of our study with meta-analyses of schizophrenic subjects, in general, our results are consistent in IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2. Our meta-analysis is the only one which indicates a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-10 in FEP patients after antipsychotic treatment.

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