Role efficacy: A comprehensive study

A case study in manufacturing giant attempts to capture how potential effectiveness of a role is psychologically tuned along ten dimensions on which efficacy of an employee is defined. Further, how position, age and tenure of employment interact with role efficacy. A combination of quantitative and qualitative approach is followed, where n=28. Managers are seen as leaders and act like role models for the subordinates. Further, managers are high on helping relationship. Both see an opportunity for personal growth in their role. Self- role integration is lesser in managers than subordinates. Subordinates are found to be more reactive. Confrontation is greater for subordinates than managers. Elders are strong on dimensions common to achievers and youngest seems to have politics. Longer tenures exhibits more helping attitude and more confrontation than with smaller tenures. Thus, the dynamism between position, age and tenure seems to have an effect on role-efficacy.

An assessment of teacher's job satisfaction and its possible effects on student achievements

The present study was conducted on 160 teachers of different subjects (Hindi, English, Mathematics, and Science) of secondary level under public sector schools to assess their job satisfaction. Results suggested that job satisfaction level was found maximum in mathematics subject teachers and minimum in Hindi. The key findings of this study was lack of better opportunity, low salary and the work that an individual find boring are certain issues which affect teacher's responsibility. Low level of satisfaction was a significant cause to move out from their objectives and it proportionally affects learning methodology of students.

Decision making power of college girls in relation to clothing

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it. Keywords: clothing, college, girls, decision making.

Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

The effectiveness of positive training on happiness, aggression and hope in adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive learning on happiness, Aggression and hope for adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method. 15 subjects in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned. The experimental design was a pre-test-post-test type with control group and follow-up period. Measurement tools included Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle, 1989); Ahwaz's Aggression Questionnaire (Zahedifar, Najarian, and Shokrkon, 2000); Hope Scale (Schneider, 1991). To run, at first, the pre-test was taken from both groups. Then, the experimental group was trained in 14 sessions of 90 minutes, and after each group, they were subjected to post-test. And one month later, the follow-up process was completed. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that positive attitudes toward happiness, aggressiveness and hopefulness of adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz were effective.

Meaning of happiness: A qualitative inquiry among adolescents

Research on happiness seems to be blooming in current academics. Psychology's engagement with psychopathology left no space for this concept to come to the fore. With rapid changes in the academic world, together with the shift in the focus towards more positive concepts has resulted in a renewed interest in the concept of happiness. The domain of qualitative research seeks to explore the diverse human experiences and the present study uses this domain to understand the subjective meaning of happiness in adolescent students. Using a qualitative approach, twenty adolescents were asked to share their life experiences using a semi structured interview schedule. A grounded theory analysis revealed that happiness forms a core concern for an individual where it depends not only on the cultural norm involving an individual where social relationships form an important part, but also goals and aims (s) he/she wishes to achieve in life. It exists in temporality but is impacted by the larger dimension of meaning in life which is relatively stable and covers a huge expanse of an individual's existence. Finding happiness in life involves both personal goals such as self growth and attainment of peace, and also professional goals like fulfilment of one's academic aim. Happiness is also seen as being impacted by an individual's past happenings, belief in selfworth and social responsibility. Analysis of the findings thus points to the fact that meaning of happiness varies across individuals, however, the essence remains the same for a given culture. The consideration of the emic approach not only creates sound knowledge, but also leads to a holistic understanding of human affairs.

Role of music in the development of psychological well-being

affected by the changing world's scenario. People these days are more stressed out which has a negative impact on their well-being. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how Music constructively contributes to positive emotions and enhances Psychological well-being. Music can be considered as an informal type of self-medicated therapy. Many call it, 'Healing without Medicine'. Music has a therapeutic effect in the human life. It helps us connect with our deeper self and bring our emotions to the fore. It has the power to take the listener to a different world where there is only emotional ecstasy. Thus the present paper is an attempt to emphasize the beneficial impact of music on the Psychological well-being of people.

Personality pattern and quality of life among neurotic patients: A comparative study

The present study attempted to compare neurotic patients and normal (non-neurotic) individuals with respect to their personality pattern and quality of life. For the said purpose a group of 50 neurotic patients were purposively selected from the OPD of Psychiatric department of Tripura Medical College, Hapania. Another matched group of normal persons was also purposively selected from West District. Data were collected by using NEO-Five Factor Personality Inventory developed Paul and McCrae (2008) and Quality of Life Scale-WHOQOL-BREF (1991). Data analysis revealed significant difference between neurotic and normal individuals with respect to their personality pattern and quality of life. However, insignificant difference was observed between them with respect to openness to experience dimension of their personality.

Happiness and job satisfaction: An empirical study in public sector undertaking

Happiness is viewed as a major positive organizational behavior construct. The present study tests the prediction that happiness and job satisfaction are significantly interrelated. In addition to this objective, male and female employees in an public sector undertaking are compared with respect to these variables. The predicted pattern of interrelationship among variables is supported. However there is no significant group difference. The findings are explained in the light of current conceptualizations of happiness and job satisfaction. Major implications are also suggested for intervention programmes

Qualities of a spiritual person and spiritual living

Spirituality is a positive aspect of human life or excellence that we must have a high regard for it. Our life is filled with spiritual qualities or values. Spirituality is helpful for the physical, social, and mental well-being. It develops harmony, peace and happiness. A spiritual person feels affection for God shall get at the spirit of spiritual quality. His requirement is to attain spiritual life with his full faith, wisdom and whole heart. Spiritual life is like a bed of roses. In this article we have discussed twelve essential qualities of a spiritual person. These are: positive thinking, inner peace, egoless, unconditional love, optimism, harmony, humility, responsibility, compassion, justice, simplicity, and reciprocity. Besides we have discussed spiritual living and the living mode to maintain spiritual health.