Policy options for green regional development: Adopting a production and application perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Tödtling ◽  
Michaela Trippl ◽  
Alexandra Frangenheim
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Global Nature

Abstract Green and sustainable developments have received increasing attention in recent years due to challenges emanating from climate change and worsening environmental conditions. Although these are problems of global nature, actions have to be taken often at lower spatial scales. We focus on innovation and industrial policies and on the regional level since green development often can be supported here by respective policies. However, effective policies have to consider that individual regions face different kinds of challenges for moving towards a ‘greener’ future. This article develops a framework that allows taking such differences into account. We distinguish between the production side of ‘green technologies’ (i.e. the industries that develop and produce such technologies) and the application side (i.e. the adoption of such technologies by firms and the wider society), and we investigate what challenges might prevail on both sides and explore the potential role of policies for different types of regions.

Children's Speech Revisions for a Familiar and an Unfamiliar Adult

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tomasello ◽  
Michael Jeffrey Farrar ◽  
Jennifer Dines
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Adult Listener ◽  
Conversational Cues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Communicative Abilities

Initial characterizations of the communicative abilities of preschoolers stressed their egocentric nature. Recently, however, even 2-year-olds have been observed to adjust their speech appropriately in situations in which the listener provides feedback by signaling noncomprehension. The current study had an adult signal noncomprehension to the requests of 2-year-old Stage I and Stage II children. Each child interacted with a familiar (mother) and an unfamiliar adult. The children repeated their requests about one third of the time and revised them about two thirds of the time. Stage I children elaborated their requests significantly more often than Stage II children. The familiarity of the adult listener had no effect on the way Stage II children revised their requests, but the Stage I children's revisions contained novel lexical items more often when they were interacting with the unfamiliar adult. Both of these findings may have resulted from the fact that the more conversationally skilled Stage II children relied on verbal-conversational cues, which were the same for both adult interactants in this situation. The Stage I children may have been less aware of these conversational cues, relying on general social cues such as familiarity of the interactant. The results are discussed in terms of the potential role of different types of adults in the language acquisition process.

Different types of contractions in rat colon and their modulation by oxidative stress

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. G546-G554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asensio Gonzalez ◽  
Sushil K. Sarna
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
Different Types

The aim of this study was to investigate the modulation of in vitro rat colonic circular muscle contractions by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation and in spontaneous inflammation in HLA-B27 rats. We also examined the potential role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in modulating excitation-contraction coupling. The muscle strips from the middle colon generated spontaneous phasic contractions and giant contractions (GCs), the proximal colon strips generated primarily phasic contractions, and the distal colon strips were mostly quiescent. The spontaneous phasic contractions and GCs were not affected by inflammation, but the response to ACh was suppressed in DSS-treated rats and in HLA-B27 rats. H2O2production was increased in the muscularis of the inflamed colon. Incubation of colonic muscle strips with H2O2suppressed the spontaneous phasic contractions and concentration and time dependently reduced the response to ACh; in the middle colon, it also increased the frequency of GCs. We conclude that H2O2mimics the suppression of the contractile response to ACh in inflammation. H2O2also selectively suppresses phasic contractions and increases the frequency of GCs, as found previously in inflamed dog and human colons.

scholarly journals Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Normal and Pathological Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-261
Author(s):  
S. V. Topolyanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Connective Tissue Growth Factor ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oncological Diseases

Modern concepts about the role of connective tissue growth factor in various physiological and pathological processes are described in the review. Connective tissue growth factor regulates a variety of cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, adhesion, differentiation and synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins in cells of different types. This factor is also involved in more complex biological processes of angiogenesis, chondrogenesis, wound healing, fibrosis and oncogenesis. Increased expression of connective tissue growth factor is observed in different cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Potential role of this growth factor in regulation of cellular senescence and aging processes is also discussed.

scholarly journals ADAMTS Proteins and Vascular Remodeling in Aortic Aneurysms

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Zakaria Mougin ◽  
Julia Huguet Herrero ◽  
Catherine Boileau ◽  
Carine Le Goff
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Different Types

Extracellular matrix (ECM) in the vascular wall is a highly dynamic structure composed of a set of different molecules such as elastins, collagens, fibronectin (Fn), laminins, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides. ECM undergoes remodeling processes to regulate vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells’ proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion. Abnormalities affecting the ECM can lead to alteration in cellular behavior and from this, this can conduce to the development of pathologies. Metalloproteases play a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of ECM by mediating the cleavage of different ECM components. There are different types of metalloproteases: matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and ADAMs with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs). ADAMTSs have been found to participate in cardiovascular physiology and diseases and specifically in aortic aneurysms. This review aims to decipher the potential role of ADAMTS proteins in the physiopathologic development of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms (TAA) and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA). This review will focus on what is known on the ADAMTS family involved in human aneurysms from human tissues to mouse models. The recent findings on THSD4 (encoding ADAMTSL6) mutations in TAA give a new insight on the involvement of the ADAMTS family in TAA.

scholarly journals Política industrial y suelo industrial : especial referencia a Castilla y León

2008 ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria González Rabanal
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Economic Profile

Los nuevos escenarios económicos que están surgiendo en el marco de una economía que prima la competitividad a gran escala cuestionan la necesidad de intervención de las autoridades públicas a favor de aquellas actividades que muestran signos de debilidad. La política industrial ha sido una de las políticas económicas cuya oportunidad y eficacia más ha sido debatida en los ámbitos económico, político y social en los últimos años, y muy especialmente en entornos en los que su dimensión de aplicación y, por tanto, sus objetivos finales han de adaptarse a espacios territoriales diferentes. Los instrumentos y fines de la política industrial han de variar su forma en función del espacio en el que deben actuar. Por esa razón, uno de nuestros objetivos será analizar la perspectiva de la política industrial desde la Europa Comunitaria en contraste con la dimensión que dicha política debe adoptar en el marco de una región como Castilla y León. En este último caso, nos referiremos más específicamente al papel jugado por uno de los instrumentos de política industrial regional; el suelo industrial.<br /><br />Nowadays, economic context shows a new model in which competitiveness is the main rule. The role of industrial policy has been under debate for years for its support to weakness economic sectors or activities. Its final objectives have changed and depend on the economic profile of territorial level in which policy has to operate For this reason the role played for public policies in sectors like industry would be different at supranational and regional level.The aim of this paper is shows the different perspectives and characteristics of industrial policy at European community level and regional level. In the case of the regional analysis we will made special reference to one of the main instruments of the regional industrial policies: the offer of industrial land in the case of Castilla and Leon.

7. Courts

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-213
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fisher ◽  
Bettina Lange ◽  
Eloise Scotford
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Different Types

Courts play an important role in environmental law. Among other things, they uphold the rule of law and adjudicate on the legal disputes that inevitably arise. This chapter explores the role of courts in environmental law. It outlines why courts are understood to be important in environmental law, what courts are, the different types of courts relevant to UK and EU environmental law, the importance of access to justice, and the actual and potential role of specialist environmental courts. Overall, what is apparent from this chapter is not only that the role of courts is an important one, but that it is also complex.

scholarly journals The potential role of Carbon Capture and Storage, under different policy options

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4127-4134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Vrijmoed ◽  
Monique Hoogwijk ◽  
Chris Hendriks ◽  
Geert Verbong ◽  
Fred Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Rhodolith Beds Heterogeneity along the Apulian Continental Shelf (Mediterranean Sea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Giovanni Chimienti ◽  
Lucia Rizzo ◽  
Sara Kaleb ◽  
Annalisa Falace ◽  
Simonetta Fraschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Ecosystem Goods And Services ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Eu

Rhodolith beds represent a key habitat worldwide, from tropical to polar ecosystems. Despite this habitat is considered a hotspot of biodiversity, providing a suite of ecosystem goods and services, still scarce quantitative information is available thus far about rhodolith beds occurrence and ecological role, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. This study reports the composition and patterns of distribution of rhodolith assemblages found in four study areas along ca. 860 km of coast in the Central Mediterranean Sea. These rhodolith beds were studied for the first time and significant differences at all spatial scales have been highlighted, documenting the high variability of this habitat. Rhodolith species composition, morphology and distribution have been discussed considering the potential role of environmental factors in driving these patterns. The need for improving their protection is discussed to complement present conservation and management initiatives, particularly in the frame of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive.

scholarly journals The Role of Regions in EU-China Relations

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Level ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Academic Exchange ◽  
Present Book ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Regional Partnerships ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Eu

More and more regions are cooperating with their Chinese counterparts in many different areas: economy, environment, culture, academic exchange. Although the subnational dimension has started to be a visibly important element of EU-China relations, this trend is not reflected in the academic literature on EU-China relations. Until now, we have not known what the network of contacts with China at the regional level looks like and what the determinants and institutional forms of inter-regional partnerships there are. The present book maps Sino-European relations at the regional level and presents a detailed analysis of subnational contacts in the six analysed EU member states, illustrated by case studies of interesting regions from each country. It shows the rising role of non-state actors in international relations, the growing importance of paradiplomacy, as well as the necessity to look at the EU-China relations as a multi-layer phenomenon, engaging different types of actors on different levels.

scholarly journals An investigation towards understanding the role of CDH1 gene in different types of Breast Cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Sengupta ◽  
Raja Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Regular Function ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Cdh1 Gene ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Genetic Aberration ◽  
Breast Tissues

AbstractAt recent age breast cancer attracts the attention of both the medical and the scientific community for its deadly occurrence throughout the globe as it is considered to be happened due to genetic aberration. Out of several genes expressed, it is found that cadherin 1, type 1 (CDH1) is responsible in several ways to control the metabolic order in human. Hence we focus on CDH1 gene whether any deviation in it especially alteration/modification in its sequence is responsible for the occurrence of this deadly disease. Towards this end study of the available genomic sequences of CDH1 gene of several patients, suffering from various types of breast cancer (obtained from the Sanger Database), are studied. The results emphasizes that alternation/modification in the sequence of the CDH1 gene affect its regular function which may have a potential role in damaging the different types of breast tissues, causing malfunction and leading to breast cancers in patients.

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