Loblolly Pine Plantation Development is Influenced by Site Preparation and Soils in the West Gulf Coastal Plain

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Haywood ◽  
James D. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
The West ◽  
Burn Treatment ◽  
Growing Seasons

Abstract Productivity of upland loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations was studied under seven site preparation treatments and five soil classes, with and without fertilizer, in the West Gulf Coastal Plain. Generally, the chop-burn-harrow and shear-windrow-harrow treatments resulted in themost basal area (ave. 112 ft²/ac), but the chop-burn-harrow treatment produced the most fiber (2,109 ft³/ac) after 12 growing seasons. Harrowing as an additional treatment after chopping-and-burning increased productivity by 394 ft³/ac over the chop-burn treatment. The leastproductive treatments were underplant-inject and shear-windrow. Generally, basal area per acre was comparatively high on the silty, slowly permeable clay, and very slowly permeable clay soils (ave. 105 ft ²/ac). Two of the soils, silty and slowly permeable clay, had comparatively highvolume production (ave. 1,878 ft³/ac). The least productive sites had gravelly subsoils. Generally, phosphorus fertilization did not influence pine productivity. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):17-21.

Basal-area projection equations for thinned natural even-aged forest stands

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Robert M. Farrar Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
The West ◽  
General Technique ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Projection Equations ◽  
Better Than

Several existing basal-area projection equations, including one with a thinning term, were compared by using data from a long-term thinning study in natural even-aged stands of loblolly (Pinustaeda L.) and shortleaf pine (Pinusechinata Mill.) in the West Gulf Coastal Plain. The model with the thinning term was no better than existing models with no thinning variable. These results prompted a search to improve the projection models that include thinning. A general technique for introducing a thinning variable into basal-area projection models was developed. This study found that the efficacy of adding a thinning term depends upon the accuracy requirements of the user.

scholarly journals A New Site Index Model for Intensively Managed Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Plantations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kynda R Trim ◽  
Dean W Coble ◽  
Yuhui Weng ◽  
Jeremy P Stovall ◽  
I-Kuai Hung
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Site Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
The West ◽  
Intensively Managed

Abstract Site index (SI) estimation for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations is important for the successful management of this important commercial tree species in the West Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States. This study evaluated various SI models for intensively managed loblolly plantations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain using data collected from permanent plots installed in intensively managed loblolly pine plantations across east Texas and western Louisiana. Six commonly used SI models (Cieszewski GADA model, both Chapman-Richards ADA and GADA models, both Schumacher ADA and GADA models, and McDill-Amateis GADA model) were fit to the data and compared. The Chapman-Richards GADA model and the McDill-Amateis GADA model were similar and best in their fit statistics. These two models were further compared to the existing models (Diéguez-Aranda et al. 2006 (DA2006), Coble and Lee 2010 (CL2010)) commonly used in the region. Both the Chapman-Richards GADA and the McDill-Amateis GADA models consistently predicted greater heights up to age 25 than the models of DA2006 and CL2010, with larger height differences for the higher quality sites, but predicted shorter heights thereafter. Ultimately, the McDill-Amateis GADA model was chosen as the best model for its consistency in predicting reasonable heights extrapolated beyond the range of the data. Foresters can use this model to make more informed silvicultural prescriptions for intensively managed loblolly pine plantations in the West Gulf Coastal Plain.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Drainage, Bedding, and Fertilization on Growth of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) in the Coastal Plain of Virginia

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Fox ◽  
Kevin H. Kyle ◽  
Lisa J. Andrews ◽  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
James A. Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lime Treatment

Abstract A site preparation study was established in 1968 at three locations in the Coastal Plain of Virginia. Three treatments were installed in a randomized complete block design: (1) chop, (2) bed, and (3) ditch. In 1978, four fertilizer treatments were superimposed on the site preparation study: (1) check, (2) phosphorus (P) only, (3) P + nitrogen (N), and (4) P + N + lime, converting it into a split-plot design. At age 33 years, height of the dominant loblolly pine in the ditch treatment was significantly greater than in the other site preparation treatments. However, there were no differences in stand density, diameter at breast height (dbh), basal area, or volume because of site preparation. This contrasts with the data collected at age 21 years, when total volume in both the bed treatment and the ditch treatment was greater than in the chop treatment. Changes in water table depths through time were the probable cause for decreased response to bedding and ditching. There was a large response to fertilization through age 33 years in this study. The P + N + lime treatment had significantly greater dbh, basal area, and volume than the other fertilizer treatments, which significantly increased pine stumpage value. The size of the growth response was greater at age 33 years than it was at age 21 years. Soil and foliage analysis suggests that the sustained growth response at this site was due to the added Ca. South. J. Appl. For. 29(4):205–214.

scholarly journals Twelve-Year Results of a Loblolly Pine Site Preparation Study in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey W. Martin ◽  
Barry D. Shiver
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Stand Basal Area

Abstract A designed experimental study was installed at 25 separate locations in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain regions of South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama with the objective of evaluating the effects of different site preparation treatments, both chemical and mechanical, on growth and yield of cutover site-prepared loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. The following six site preparation treatments were included: (1) burn, (2) chop and burn, (3) shear, pile and disk, (4) chop, herbicide and burn, (5) herbicide and burn, and (6) herbicide, burn and complete vegetation control. The herbicide, burn and complete vegetation control treatment significantly increased mean dbh, mean height, stand basal area, and total and merchantable volume compared to all other treatments. The burn-only treatment consistently ranked worst compared to all other treatments. There were significant differences in mean dbh, mean height, stand basal area, and total and merchantable volume between: (1) the herbicide and burn, which is an operational chemical treatment, and (2) the average of the chop and burn treatment and the shear, pile and disk treatment, which are operational mechanical treatments. In all cases the operational chemical treatment performed significantly better than the average of the two operational mechanical treatments. Average 12-yr-old merchantable volumes (ft3/ac) across all locations by treatment were: burn (846), chop and burn (1,445), shear, pile and disk (1,740), chop, herbicide and burn (1,669), herbicide and burn (1,919), and herbicide, burn and complete vegetation control (2,546). There were no apparent trends in percent fusiform infection levels across site preparation treatment intensity levels. South. J. Appl. For. 26(1):32–36.

scholarly journals Four Site-Preparation Techniques for Regenerating Pine-Hardwood Mixtures in the Piedmont

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Waldrop
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Abstract Four variations of the fell-and-burn technique, a system developed to produce mixed pine-hardwood stands in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, were compared in the Piedmont region. All variations of this technique successfully improved the commercial value of low-quality hardwood stands by introducing a pine component. After six growing seasons, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) occupied the dominant crown position and oaks the codominant position in fell-and-burn treated stands on poor to medium quality sites. The precise timing of felling residual stems, as prescribed by the fell-and-burn technique, may be flexible because winter and spring felling produced similar results. Although summer site preparation burns reduced hardwood height growth by reducing the length of the first growing season, they did not improve pine survival or growth. Pines were as tall as hardwoods within four growing seasons in burned plots and within six growing seasons in unburned plots. Additional research is needed to determine the level or intensity of site preparation needed to establish pine-hardwood mixtures over a range of site conditions. South. J. Appl. For. 21(3):116-122.

scholarly journals Loblolly Pine Outperforms Slash Pine in Southeastern Georgia and Northern Florida

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D. Shiver ◽  
John W. Rheney ◽  
Kenneth L. Hitch
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Stand Volume ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stand Basal Area ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A total of 141 paired plot installations remain of the 160 that were planted with slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and loblolly (P. taedaL.) pine across southeastern Georgia and northern Florida, after 14 growing seasons. Installations were evenly distributed across eight soil types. Analyses indicate that loblolly performed equal to or better than slash pine. There were no soil X species interactions. After 14 yr, loblolly pine had significantly higher survival (71% vs. 66%), stand basal area (98 vs. 81 ft2/ac), total stand volume (1857 vs. 1721 ft3/ac), merchantable stand volume (1497 vs. 1310 ft3/ac), total green weight (53 tons vs. 47 tons), and merchantable green weight (45 vs. 35 tons/ac) than slash pine. Growth over the period from age 11 to age 14 was also higher for loblolly than for slash indicating that the difference in the two species is diverging over time. South. J. Appl. For. 24(1): 31-36.

Eight-Year Performance of Loblolly Pine with Pisolithus Ectomycorrhizae on a Good-Quality Forest Site

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Marx ◽  
Charles E. Cordell ◽  
Alexander Clark
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Closure

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings with different initial amounts of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae (Pt index 0, 27, 46, 68, or 88) were planted on a good-quality site (site index 90 ft at age 50) in southwest Georgia. After 8 years and crown closure, trees with Pt indices of 88 and 68 had significantly better survival and greater heights, diameters, volumes, and green weights per tree and per ac than nursery-run, control seedlings (Pt index 0). Volume and weight yields per ac were over 50% greater and volume and weight yields per tree were over 20% greater for trees in the Pt index 88 treatment than they were for control trees. A special statistical analysis indicated that average per ac volume was positively correlated with initial Pt index values larger than 58. Tree-ring analyses showed that trees with a Pt index of 88 had significantly greater annual basal area growth than controls during growing seasons with water deficits of 8 to 13 in. Annual growth did not differ when water deficits were greater or less than these amounts. After 8 years, Pt basidiocarps were present throughout the study site. Mycorrhizal treatment integrity may have been lost after 3 or 4 years. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):275-280

Changes in site productivity and the recovery of soil properties following wet- and dry-weather harvesting disturbances in the Atlantic Coastal Plain for a stand of age 10 years

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1336-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H. Eisenbies ◽  
James A. Burger ◽  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
Steven C. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Wet Pine Flats

Wet-weather logging can cause severe soil physical disturbances and redistribute residues. Although some research indicates negative effects of such disturbances on individual tree growth, the long-term resilience and resistance of soils and the ameliorative effects of site preparation are not fully understood. Three 20 ha loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) plantations located on fertile wet pine flats on the coastal plain of South Carolina were subjected to five treatment combinations of harvest (wet and dry) and site preparation. Mean tree heights were 10.2–11.5 m, and stand biomass ranged between 95 and 143 Mg/ha. A rank diagnostic indicates that wet-weather harvesting did not significantly change site productivity between rotations, and bedding improved site productivity. At the polypedon scale (0.04 ha), there were no significant differences in tree height, biomass, or the rank diagnostic among classes of soil physical disturbances or harvesting residues when bedding was employed. On nonbedded sites, some levels of disturbance appeared to be superior to minimally disturbed sites. Based on 10 year results, wet pine flats are apparently resistant and resilient to the effects of wet-weather harvesting.

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