0971 Sleep EEG Spectral Power Is Correlated With Subjective-objective Discrepancy Of Sleep Onset Latency In Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown escitalopram is related to sleep quality. However, effects of escitalopram on dynamics of electroencephalogram (EEG) features especially during different sleep stages have not been reported. This study may help to reveal pharmacological mechanism underlying escitalopram treatment.Methods: The spatial and temporal responses of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) to escitalopram treatment were analyzed in this study. Eleven MDD patients and eleven healthy control subjects who completed whole tests were included in the final statistics. Six-channel sleep EEG signals were acquired during sleep. Power spectrum and nonlinear dynamics were used to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics features of the sleep EEG after escitalopram treatment. Results: For temporal dynamics: after treatment, there was a significant increase in the relative energy (RE) of band, accompanied by a significant decrease in the RE of band. Lempel-Ziv complexity and C0 complexity values were significantly lower. EEG changes at different sleep stages also showed the same regulation as the whole sleep process. For spatio dynamics: after treatment, the EEG response of the left and right hemisphere showed asymmetry. Further analysis of brain region-specific targets found that the frontal cortex showed a more intense EEG response with escitalopram treatment than central and occipital cortices.Conclusions: These findings may contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of escitalopram in the treatment of depression.

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Altered interaction between cardiac vagal influence and delta sleep EEG suggests an altered neuroplasticity in patients suffering from major depressive disorder

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01475.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 121 (3) ◽

pp. 236-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

F. Jurysta ◽

C. Kempenaers ◽

J. Lancini ◽

J.-P. Lanquart ◽

P. van de Borne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sleep Eeg ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Delta Sleep ◽

Vagal Influence

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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Melatonin and Triclofos for Inducing Adequate Sedation for Sleep Electroencephalogram in Children

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1736511 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Prateek K. Panda ◽

Pragnya Panda ◽

Lesa Dawman ◽

Indar K. Sharawat

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Eeg ◽

Comparable Efficacy ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Onset Latency ◽

Adequate Sedation

Abstract Introduction Triclofos and melatonin are commonly used oral sedatives in children for obtaining a sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) record. There has been no systematic review till now to compare the efficacy and safety of these two medications. Objectives The review intended to compare the efficacy of oral triclofos and melatonin in children <18 years of age for inducing adequate sedation for obtaining a sleep EEG record. We also attempted to compare the adverse effects, impact on EEG record, the yield of epileptiform abnormalities, and sleep onset latency in both groups. Methods A systematic search was conducted on “MEDLINE/PUBMED, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar” till November 30, 2020, with the following keywords/the Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms while searching: “sleep EEG,” “electroencephalogram,” “triclofos,” “melatonin” OR “ramelteon” AND “epilepsy,” “seizure,” OR “convulsion.” ROB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tool was used to determine the risk of bias. To assess heterogeneity in studies, Higgins and Thompson's I 2 method was utilized. When I 2 was more than 50%, a random effects model was utilized and a fixed-effect model was used for other parameters. To assess the presence of publication bias, Egger's test was used. Results For describing the efficacy of triclofos in 1,284 and melatonin in 1,532 children, we selected 16 articles. The indirect comparison between the pooled estimate of all children receiving individual medications revealed comparable efficacy in obtaining successful sleep EEG record with a single dose (90 vs. 76%, p = 0.058) and repeat dose (p = 0.054), detection of epileptiform abnormalities (p = 0.06), and sleep onset latency (p = 0.06), but more proportion of children receiving triclofos had adverse effects (p = 0.001) and duration of sleep was also higher with triclofos (p = 0.001). Conclusion Efficacy of triclofos and melatonin are comparable in inducing sleep for recording EEG in children, although triclofos is more likely to cause adverse effects. However, the level of evidence is low for this conclusion and the weak strength of recommendation for the results of this review is likely to change in the future after completion of controlled trials exploring these two medications.

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P.2.102 Effect of agomelatine on the sleep EEG in patients with major depressive disorder (MMD)

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(05)80891-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. S435-S436 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sleep Eeg ◽

Major Depressive

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Fatigue and brain arousal in patients with major depressive disorder

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.1007/s00406-020-01216-w ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Galina Surova ◽

Christine Ulke ◽

Frank Martin Schmidt ◽

Tilman Hensch ◽

Christian Sander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Improve Treatment ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Stability Score ◽

Brain Arousal

AbstractFatigue is considered a key symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the term lacks specificity. It can denote a state of increased sleepiness and lack of drive (i.e., downregulated arousal) as well as a state of high inner tension and inhibition of drive with long sleep onset latencies (i.e., upregulated arousal), the latter typically found in depression. It has been proposed to differentiate fatigue along the dimension of brain arousal. We investigated whether such stratification within a group of MDD patients would reveal a subgroup with distinct clinical features. Using an automatic classification of EEG vigilance stages, an arousal stability score was calculated for 15-min resting EEGs of 102 MDD patients with fatigue. 23.5% of the patients showed signs of hypoarousal with EEG patterns indicating drowsiness or sleep; this hypoaroused subgroup was compared with remaining patients (non-hypoaroused subgroup) concerning self-rated measures of depressive symptoms, sleepiness, and sleep. The hypoaroused subgroup scored higher on the Beck Depression Inventory items “loss of energy” (Z = − 2.13, p = 0.033; ɳ2 = 0.044, 90% CI 0.003–0.128) and “concentration difficulty” (Z = − 2.40, p = 0.017; ɳ2 = 0.056, 90% CI 0.009–0.139), and reported higher trait and state sleepiness (p < 0.05) as compared to the non-hypoaroused group. The non-hypoaroused subgroup, in contrast, reported more frequently the presence of suicidal ideation (Chi2 = 3.81, p = 0.051; ɳ2 = 0.037, 90% CI 0.0008–0.126). In this study, we found some evidence that stratifying fatigued MDD patients by arousal may lead to subgroups that are pathophysiologically and clinically more homogeneous. Brain arousal may be a worth while target in clinical research for better understanding the mechanisms underlying suicidal tendencies and to improve treatment response.

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Modulation of functional network properties in major depressive disorder following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a resting-state EEG analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74103-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aron T. Hill ◽

Itay Hadas ◽

Reza Zomorrodi ◽

Daphne Voineskos ◽

Faranak Farzan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Resting State ◽

Spectral Power ◽

Clustering Coefficient ◽

Treatment Resistant ◽

Open Label ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Characteristic Path Length

Abstract Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective neuromodulatory intervention for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD). Presently, however, understanding of its neurophysiological effects remains incomplete. In the present study, we utilised resting-state electroencephalography (RS-EEG) to explore changes in functional connectivity, network topology, and spectral power elicited by an acute open-label course of ECT in a cohort of 23 patients with treatment-resistant MDD. RS-EEG was recorded prior to commencement of ECT and again within 48 h following each patient’s final treatment session. Our results show that ECT was able to enhance connectivity within lower (delta and theta) frequency bands across subnetworks largely confined to fronto-central channels, while, conversely, more widespread subnetworks of reduced connectivity emerged within faster (alpha and beta) bands following treatment. Graph-based topological analyses revealed changes in measures of functional segregation (clustering coefficient), integration (characteristic path length), and small-world architecture following ECT. Finally, post-treatment enhancement of delta and theta spectral power was observed, which showed a positive association with the number of ECT sessions received. Overall, our findings indicate that RS-EEG can provide a sensitive measure of dynamic neural activity following ECT and highlight network-based analyses as a promising avenue for furthering mechanistic understanding of the effects of convulsive therapies.

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