Coordination of research, policy and practice: a case study of collaboration in the field of public health

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wehrens ◽  
M. Bekker ◽  
R. Bal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice

scholarly journals Taking action on violence through research, policy, and practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilene Hyman ◽  
Mandana Vahabi ◽  
Annette Bailey ◽  
Sejal Patel ◽  
Sepali Guruge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Gender Based

Background Violence is a critical public health problem associated with compromised health and social suffering that are preventable. The Centre for Global Health and Health Equity organized a forum in 2014 to identify: (1) priority issues related to violence affecting different population groups in Canada, and (2) strategies to take action on priority issues to reduce violence-related health inequities in Canada. In this paper, we present findings from the roundtable discussions held at the Forum, offer insights on the socio-political implications of these findings, and provide recommendations for action to reduce violence through research, policy and practice. Methods Over 60 academic researchers, health and social service agency staff, community advocates and graduate students attended the daylong Forum, which included presentations on structural violence, community violence, gender-based violence, and violence against marginalized groups. Detailed notes taken at the roundtables were analyzed by the first author using a thematic analysis technique. Findings The thematic analysis identified four thematic areas: 1) structural violence perpetuates interpersonal violence - the historical, social, political and economic marginalization that contributes to personal and community violence. 2) social norms of gender-based violence—the role of dominant social norms in perpetuating the practice of violence, especially towards women, children and older adults; 3) violence prevention and mitigation programs—the need for policy and programming to address violence at the individual/interpersonal, community, and societal levels; and 4) research gaps—the need for comprehensive research evidence made up of systematic reviews, community-based intervention and evaluation of implementation research to identify effective programming to address violence. Conclusions The proceedings from the Global Health and Health Equity Forum underscored the importance of recognizing violence as a public health issue that requires immediate and meaningful communal and structural investment to break its historic cycles. Based on our thematic analysis and literature review, four recommendations are offered: (1) Support and adopt policies to prevent or reduce structural violence; (2) Adopt multi-pronged strategies to transform dominant social norms associated with violence; (3) Establish standards and ensure adequate funding for violence prevention programs and services; and (4) Fund higher level ecological research on violence prevention and mitigation.

scholarly journals Managing Borders During Public Health Emergencies of International Concern: A Proposed Typology of Cross-border Health Measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Lee ◽  
Karen A Grépin ◽  
Catherine Worsnop ◽  
Summer Marion ◽  
Julianne Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Border Health ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract BackgroundThe near universal adoption of cross-border health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has prompted significant debate about their effectiveness and compliance with international law. The number of measures used, and the range of measures applied, have far exceeded previous public health emergencies of international concern. However, efforts to advance research, policy and practice to support their effective use has been hindered by a lack of clear and consistent definition. ResultsBased on a review of existing datasets for cross-border health measures, such as the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker and World Health Organization Public Health and Social Measures, along with analysis of secondary and grey literature, we propose six categories to define measures more clearly and consistently – type of movement (travel and trade), policy goal, level of jurisdiction, use by public versus private sector, stage of journey, and degree of restrictiveness. These categories are then be brought together into a proposed typology that can support research with generalizable findings and comparative analyses across jurisdictions. The typology facilitates evidence-informed decision-making which takes account of policy complexity including trade-offs and externalities. Finally, the typology can support efforts to strengthen coordinated global responses to outbreaks and inform future efforts to revise the WHO International Health Regulations (2005). ConclusionsThe widespread use of cross-border health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted significant reflection on available evidence, previous practice and existing legal frameworks. The typology put forth in this paper aims to provide a starting point for strengthening research, policy and practice.

scholarly journals Bridging the gap between research, policy, and practice: Lessons learned from academic–public partnerships in the CTSA network

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amytis Towfighi ◽  
Allison Zumberge Orechwa ◽  
Tomás J. Aragón ◽  
Marc Atkins ◽  
Arleen F. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Science ◽  
Competing Priorities

AbstractA primary barrier to translation of clinical research discoveries into care delivery and population health is the lack of sustainable infrastructure bringing researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and communities together to reduce silos in knowledge and action. As National Institutes of Healthʼs (NIH) mechanism to advance translational research, Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) awardees are uniquely positioned to bridge this gap. Delivering on this promise requires sustained collaboration and alignment between research institutions and public health and healthcare programs and services. We describe the collaboration of seven CTSA hubs with city, county, and state healthcare and public health organizations striving to realize this vision together. Partnership representatives convened monthly to identify key components, common and unique themes, and barriers in academic–public collaborations. All partnerships aligned the activities of the CTSA programs with the needs of the city/county/state partners, by sharing resources, responding to real-time policy questions and training needs, promoting best practices, and advancing community-engaged research, and dissemination and implementation science to narrow the knowledge-to-practice gap. Barriers included competing priorities, differing timelines, bureaucratic hurdles, and unstable funding. Academic–public health/health system partnerships represent a unique and underutilized model with potential to enhance community and population health.

scholarly journals Coproduction of Research Questions and Research Evidence in Public Health: The Study to Prevent Teen Drinking Parties

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wolfson ◽  
Kimberly G. Wagoner ◽  
Scott D. Rhodes ◽  
Kathleen L. Egan ◽  
Michael Sparks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Membership Organization ◽  
Community Trials

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) provides a set of principles and practices intended to foster coproduction of knowledge. However, CBPR often has shortcomings when applied to population-level policy and practice interventions, including a focus on single communities and a lack of focus on policy change. At the same time, community trials focused on policy have shortcomings, including lack of stakeholder involvement in framing research questions and modest engagement in study implementation and interpretation and dissemination of results. We describe an attempt to hybridize CBPR and community trials by creating a partnership that included a national membership organization, a coalition advisory board, intervention and delayed intervention communities, and an academic study team, which collaborated on a study of community strategies to prevent underage drinking parties. We use qualitative and quantitative data to critically assess the partnership. Areas where the partnership was effective included (1) identifying a research question with high public health significance, (2) enhancing the intervention, and (3) improving research methods. Challenges included community coalition representatives’ greater focus on their own communities rather than the production of broader scientific knowledge. This model can be applied in future attempts to narrow the gap between research, policy, and practice.

scholarly journals Salutogenesis in Prison

2022 ◽  
pp. 553-561
Author(s):  
James Woodall ◽  
Nick de Viggiani ◽  
Jane South
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Prisoner Health ◽  
Prison Health ◽  
Health Policy And Practice

AbstractThis chapter concludes Part VII, with a focus on salutogenesis in prisons. In this chapter, the authors present and debate how prison health rhetoric, policy and practice are influenced by a pathogenic view of prisoner “health.” The authors comment that there is a growing recognition of a salutogenic approach to prison health policy and practice, to help tackle the root causes of health, criminality and inequality. This chapter emphasises that while the health of prisoners is influenced by material and social factors beyond their control, a salutogenic approach offers an alternative way of delivering public health and health promotion in prisons. The chapter concludes noting that the application of salutogenesis in prisons is in its infancy. They call for research, policy and practice framed by a salutogenic orientation, leading to sustained and effective measures to improve the health of people in criminal justice settings, and reducing health inequalities in prisons.

Research Supporting Health Policy Development: Contextualizing Evidence for People-Centred Care in Low and Middle Income Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-279
Author(s):  
Dheepa Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Country Level

The three areas of research, policy, and practice seem to work and interact within silos, or independent niches.  Especially for the complex task of reorienting health care and indeed, a health system, towards people-centredness, these niches at both global and country level must be broken down.  Since health policy-making is complex and non-linear, context is crucial for making research for health policies and implementation of health policies (practice) relevant.  The real measure of success is whether the evidence-informed policy has worked and produced results at ground level.  When context is so important, however, evidence (research) is only one piece of the puzzle.  Stakeholder’s views, or simply put, their opinion, is just as decisive.  This paper documents some promising examples in research and practice of bringing together evidence and stakeholder opinion, particularly highlighting a case study on Brazil as well as WHO tools for communities of practice.

The Battle Within

2012 ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Håkon Ursin Steen
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Internal Standards ◽  
Digital Multimedia ◽  
Single Standard ◽  
Internal Fragmentation

This paper addresses the concept of internal standards fragmentation in networked technologies - occurring when two or more products remain non-interoperable for an intended service, even though being perfectly compliant to the same core interface compatibility standard. Two main sources of internal fragmentation are identified (“configurational” and “competitive”). A case study is done on the historically observed internal fragmentation within the DVB-H and T-DMB mobile digital multimedia broadcasting standards. It is argued that internal standards fragmentation has important consequences hitherto unaddressed in the literature, including potentially undermining the effects of interoperability and economies of scale expected to follow from the adoption of a single standard. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed, and advice for further research is provided.

The Battle Within

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-71
Author(s):  
Håkon Ursin Steen
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Internal Standards ◽  
Digital Multimedia ◽  
Single Standard ◽  
Internal Fragmentation

This paper addresses the concept of internal standards fragmentation in networked technologies - occurring when two or more products remain non-interoperable for an intended service, even though being perfectly compliant to the same core interface compatibility standard. Two main sources of internal fragmentation are identified (“configurational” and “competitive”). A case study is done on the historically observed internal fragmentation within the DVB-H and T-DMB mobile digital multimedia broadcasting standards. It is argued that internal standards fragmentation has important consequences hitherto unaddressed in the literature, including potentially undermining the effects of interoperability and economies of scale expected to follow from the adoption of a single standard. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed, and advice for further research is provided.

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