Effects of switching from corn distillers dried grains with solubles- to corn- and soybean meal-based diets on finishing pig performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass fatty acid composition

Abstract Corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are known to negatively impact carcass yield and fat quality, thus finishing pigs may need to be switched from diets containing DDGS to corn–soybean meal (CSBM) diets before marketing (DDGS withdrawal). A total of 860 finishing pigs (PIC C48 or L42 × 327; initially 66.2 kg body weight, BW) were used in a 76-day experiment to evaluate the effects of DDGS withdrawal periods at increasing intervals before harvest. Pen served as the experimental unit, and there were seven replicate pens per treatment with 23 to 25 pigs per pen. Pens were blocked by BW and allotted to one of five dietary treatments differentiated by the DDGS withdrawal period: 76, 42, 27, 15, or 0 day before harvest. Diets contained 40% DDGS from 22 to 66 kg prior to the experiment, 0% or 35% DDGS during the experiment from ~66 to 82 kg, and 0% or 30% DDGS until the completion of the trial. Diets were not balanced for net energy. Linear and quadratic response to time following dietary switch was evaluated using PROC GLIMMIX. For the overall period (day 76 prior to market to day 0), as withdrawal period increased, average daily gain (ADG) and final BW increased (linear, P < 0.002) and feed efficiency (G:F) improved (quadratic, P = 0.019). Average daily feed intake increased (quadratic, P = 0.030) as withdrawal period increased. There was an increase (linear P = 0.010) in hot carcass weight (HCW), with a marginally significant increase in carcass yield (linear, P = 0.094) with increasing withdrawal period. Loin depth and lean percentage did not demonstrate any evidence for treatment differences (P > 0.132). Backfat increased (linear, P = 0.030) with increasing withdrawal period. Finally, iodine value (IV) of belly fat was decreased (linear, P = 0.001) with increased withdrawal period. In conclusion, switching from a DDGS-based diet to a CSBM-based diet for longer periods before slaughter increased ADG and improved G:F, resulting in increased HCW. After diets were switched from DDGS to CSBM, pigs demonstrated an increase in intake, likely due to the ability to consume high volumes of feed after consuming high fiber (DDGS) diets. Belly fat IV was decreased as the length of time after dietary change was increased, with the lowest IV resulting from pigs that consumed CSBM for the entire experimental period.

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Effects of corn distillers dried grains with solubles in finishing diets on pig growth performance and carcass yield with two different marketing strategies

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txaa071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 737-749

Author(s):

Annie B Lerner ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

Joel M DeRouchey ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

Robert D Goodband ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Feeding Time ◽

Net Energy ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Distillers Dried Grains ◽

Dietary Switch ◽

Corn Distillers

Abstract Feeding diets high in corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) before market can negatively impact carcass yield, hot carcass weight (HCW), and belly fat iodine value (IV). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of switching from DDGS-based to corn-soybean meal (CSBM)-based diets at increasing intervals (withdrawal periods) before harvest on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics. Diets in both experiments contained either 0% or 30% DDGS and were balanced for net energy (NE). In Exp. 1, 985 pigs (initially 99.6 kg body weight [BW]) were used with 12 pens per treatment. The four treatments were increasing DDGS withdrawal periods: 28, 21, 14, or 0 d (no dietary switch) before marketing. All pens were marketed by removing the 17% heaviest pigs 21 d before slaughter and the remaining 83% all slaughtered 21 d later. Overall, there was no evidence for treatment differences on final BW, average daily feed intake, or feed efficiency (G:F;P > 0.10); however, average daily gain (ADG) increased (linear, P = 0.022) and belly fat IV decreased (linear, P = 0.001) the longer pigs were fed CSBM diets. There was no evidence for differences for HCW (P > 0.10); however, carcass yield increased (linear, P = 0.001) with increasing time following the switch to CSBM. Backfat depth decreased and percentage lean increased as CSBM feeding time increased (quadratic; P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, 1,158 pigs (initially 105 kg BW) were used in a 35-d study. There were 15 pens per treatment and four treatments of increasing DDGS withdrawal periods: 35, 28, 14, or 0 d (no dietary switch). All pens were marketed by removing the 15% heaviest pigs on day 28, the 28% heaviest pigs on day 14, and a final marketing of approximately 57% of starting barn inventory. There was no evidence that final BW, ADG, G:F, or HCW differed among dietary treatments (P > 0.10). Average daily feed intake and carcass yield increased and belly fat IV decreased (P < 0.050); the longer pigs were fed CSBM. In conclusion, growth performance was minimally impacted following dietary switch from DDGS- to CSBM-based diets, possibly due to similar dietary NE. For carcass yield and belly fat IV, the optimal time to make a dietary switch from high to low fiber appears to be linear in nature and at least 28 d before marketing.

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170 Meta-analysis to Determine the Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine Requirements of Growing-finishing Pigs from 11- to 150-kg

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 62-63

Author(s):

Uislei A Orlando ◽

Carine M Vier ◽

Wayne R Cast ◽

Ning Lu ◽

Ron A Navales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Random Effect ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Net Energy ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Ingredient Composition

Abstract A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) recommendations for 11–150 kg PIC pigs housed under commercial conditions. Data from 29 trials dating from 2013 to 2020 utilizing 48,338 pigs were recorded in a database. Number of pens/treatment and pigs/trial ranged from 9 to 16 and 12 to 25, respectively. Sire lines were PIC 337 in 25 trials, PIC 327 in 3 trials, and PIC TR4 and 327 in 1 trial. Dam lines were PIC Camborough in 18 trials and PIC Camborough 29 in 9 trials. The SID Lys to calorie ratio curves were built for both metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) systems using the feed ingredient composition in NRC (2012) for energy levels. The response variables average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) were analyzed using generalized linear and non-linear mixed models with heterogeneous variance (Gonçalves et al., 2016). Each treatment mean within a trial (n = 288) was considered the experimental unit and each trial was used as a random effect. The models were developed for mixed gender pigs and the PIC 337 growth curves were used to estimate the recommendations for barrows and gilts. There was no evidence for an interaction between sire lines or dam lines and treatment (P > 0.10). The SID Lys to calorie recommendations are based on the average for ADG and G:F (Table 1). At these levels, approximately 100% of maximum ADG and 99.4% of maximum G:F are achieved. The NE to ME ratio that results in a similar SID Lys recommendation as a percentage of the diet ranged from approximately 0.72 to 0.74. The updated biological requirements for PIC pigs remained similar compared to previous PIC recommendations (Gonçalves et al., 2017). However, the requirement estimates have been adjusted for late nursery and late finishing phases.

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155 Effects of soybean meal level and distillers dried grains with solubles inclusion on growth performance of late nursery pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.160 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 88-89

Author(s):

Henrique S Cemin ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

Aaron M Gaines ◽

Brent W Ratliff ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Block Design ◽

Random Effect ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Net Energy ◽

Nursery Pigs ◽

Distillers Dried Grains ◽

Treatment Experiment ◽

Feeding Diets

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of soybean meal (SBM) level in diets with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of late nursery pigs. A total of 1,064 and 1,011 pigs (PIC 280×1050; initially 10.5 ± 0.36 and 10.9 ± 0.22 kg) were used in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively, with 21 to 27 pigs per pen. Pens were assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with 7 replicates per treatment per experiment. Treatments 1 to 3 were diets with 23% DDGS and 21, 27, or 35% SBM. Treatments 4 and 5 were corn-SBM diets with 27 or 35% SBM. Diets were balanced to 1.30% standardized ileal digestible lysine and 2,606 kcal of net energy/kg. Data were analyzed with the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with pen as the experimental unit and block as random effect. There was no evidence for treatment × experiment interactions, thus data from both trials were combined. Feeding diets with 23% DDGS decreased (P = 0.033) ADFI and improved (P = 0.033) G:F compared to corn-SBM diets, which may indicate underestimation of DDGS net energy. When analyzed as a factorial with or without DDGS, pigs fed diets with 35% SBM had a tendency (P = 0.052) for increased ADG and improved (P = 0.001) G:F compared with diets with pigs fed 27% SBM. As SBM increased from 21 to 35% in diets with DDGS, ADG (linear, P = 0.001) and G:F (quadratic, P = 0.007) improved. In summary, feeding diets with increasing SBM improved growth performance in late nursery pigs.

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Effects of increasing dietary inclusion of camelina cake on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txab140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

A M Hilbrands ◽

L J Johnston ◽

R B Cox ◽

F Forcella ◽

R Gesch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Dietary Treatment ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Finishing Pigs

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine the dietary inclusion rate of camelina cake (CC) that would support the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs similar to that of a corn-soybean meal-based diet. Pigs (n = 192; BW = 35.2 kg; Duroc x (Yorkshire x Landrace)), balanced for sex and initial weight, were assigned to pens (8 pigs/pen) and pens were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments (6 pens/treatment). Treatments consisted of a non GMO corn-soybean meal control diet (CON), or CON containing 5% (5CC), 10% (10CC), or 15% (15CC) camelina cake. Feed disappearance on a pen basis and individual body weights of pigs were recorded every other week to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G:F) on a pen basis. Prior to harvest, real-time ultrasonic measurements of back fat depth and loin eye area were collected on all live pigs. Pigs were harvested as a single group at about 23 weeks of age at a commercial abattoir. Data were analyzed using Proc Glimmix with dietary treatment as a fixed effect and pen serving as the experimental unit. Growth performance data collected over time were analyzed using repeated measures within the Proc Glimmix procedure. Overall, pigs fed CON exhibited similar ADG to those consuming 5CC and higher ADG than pigs consuming 10CC and 15CC diets (1.10 kg vs. 1.05 kg for 10CC and 1.02 kg for 15CC; P < 0.05 for both mean comparisons). Pigs fed CON consumed more feed than pigs fed any of the CC diets (ADFI = 2.66 kg for CON vs. 2.46 kg for 5CC, 2.46 kg for 10CC and 2.47 kg for 15CC; P < 0.05 for all). These differences resulted in heavier (P < 0.05) CON-fed pigs at marketing than 10CC or 15CC-fed pigs. There were no differences in any carcass traits analyzed. From these data, we conclude that feeding up to 5% CC in corn-soybean meal-based diets did not negatively influence growth performance, or carcass traits of growing-finishing pigs.

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PSIV-15 Determining the effects of increasing levels of xylanase in nutrient adequate diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 176-177

Author(s):

Hayden R Kerkaert ◽

Joel M DeRouchey ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

Robert D Goodband ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽

Treatment Data ◽

Unit Body Weight

Abstract A total of 1,944 mixed sex growing-finishing pigs (PIC; 337×1050; initial BW of 22.5±0.53 kg) were used in a 131-d growth trial to determine the effects of increasing levels of xylanase in adequate diets on grow-finish pig growth performance and carcass characteristics. The 6 dietary treatments consisted of corn, soybean meal, and dried distillers grains with solubles with added xylanase (Belfeed B 1100 MP; Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec) formulated to: 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 75 of enzymatic activity for xylanase (IU/kg) with 27 pigs per pen and 12 replicates per treatment. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using lmer function in lme4 package in R with pen considered as the experimental unit, body weight as blocking factor, and treatment as a fixed effect. From d 0 to 70, there was a tendency (quadratic, R=0.068) for average daily gain (ADG) to decrease and then increase with increasing added xylanase, but there was no evidence (R >0.10) of differences for average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed efficiency (G/F). From d 70 to 131 and overall, there was no evidence of difference (R >0.10) observed for ADG, ADFI, and F/G. There was no evidence for difference (R >0.10) between treatments for number of pigs receiving injectable treatments or mortalities. For carcass traits, increasing xylanase increased then decreased (quadratic, R=0.010) percentage carcass yield. Also, as xylanase increased, percentage lean decreased (linear, R=0.038) and backfat marginally increased (linear, R=0.066). In conclusion, adding increasing levels of xylanase in nutrient adequate diets did not influence growth performance or mortality but did improve carcass yield when intermediate levels were fed.

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81 Increasing withdrawal duration of corn distillers dried grains with solubles on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz122.085 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 47-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Annie B Lerner ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

Jason C Woodworth ◽

Joel M DeRouchey ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Period ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Withdrawal Time ◽

Feeding Duration ◽

Finishing Pig ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Corn Distillers ◽

Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 860 finishing pigs (PIC C48/L42×327; initially 66.2 kg BW) were used in a 76-d experiment to evaluate the effects of removing corn DDGS from diets at increasing intervals before harvest. Diets contained 40% DDGS prior to the experiment, 0 or 35% DDGS during the experiment from approximately 66 to 82 kg and 0 or 30% DDGS until the completion of the trial. Pen served as the experimental unit, and there were 7 replicate pens/treatment with 23 to 25 pigs/pen. Pens were blocked by BW and allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments, differentiated by the number of days prior to slaughter that diets containing DDGS were withdrawn and replaced with corn-soybean meal-based diets. Withdrawal times were 76, 42, 27, 15, or 0 d (no withdrawal) before harvest. Linear and quadratic response to withdrawal time was evaluated using PROC GLIMMIX. For the overall period (d -76 to 0), as time of DDGS withdrawal increased, ADG and final BW also increased (linear, P < 0.018) and G:F improved (quadratic, P = 0.019). Average daily feed intake quadratically decreased (P = 0.030) with increasing withdrawal time. There was a linear increase (P = 0.010) in HCW, with a marginally significant increase in carcass yield (linear, P = 0.094) with increasing DDGS withdrawal time. Loin depth and lean percentage did not demonstrate any evidence for treatment differences (P > 0.132). Backfat was linearly increased (P = 0.030) with increasing DDGS withdrawal time. Lastly, iodine value (IV) of belly fat was increased (linear, P = 0.001) with increased feeding duration of DDGS. In conclusion, removing pigs from diets containing DDGS for longer periods before slaughter increased ADG and improved G:F, resulting in increased HCW. Belly fat IV was decreased as the length of DDGS withdrawal increased, with the highest IV resulting from pigs that consumed DDGS for the entire experimental period.

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142 Evaluation of Proso Millet as a Partial or Complete Replacement for Corn in Growing-finishing Diets for Pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 71-72

Author(s):

Khang A Nguyen ◽

Melanie D Trenhaile-Grannemann ◽

Thomas Burkey ◽

Phillip Miller

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Complete Replacement ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing the inclusion of proso millet on the growth performance of growing and finishing pigs. Using a randomized complete block design, 36 crossbred barrows, with an average initial weight of 22.2 kg, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (9 pens/treatment; 1 pig/pen). Diet 1 was corn-soybean meal-based (control) and Diets 2, 3, and 4 had proso millet replacing 33%, 67%, and 100%, respectively, of corn in the control diet. The diets were formulated according to 4 growth phases (P1, 25 to 50 kg BW; P2, 50 to 75 kg BW; P3, 75 to 100 kg BW; and P4, 100 to 135 kg BW) with nutrient contents formulated according to NRC (2012) recommendations. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS, using pig as the experimental unit. In P1 and P2, no differences in average daily gain (ADG) or average daily feed intake (ADFI) were observed among treatments (P > 0.3). In P3, pigs consuming the proso millet diets had greater ADFI than pigs consuming the basal diet, especially pigs fed Diet 4 compared to pigs fed Diet 1 (3.66 vs. 3.29 kg; P < 0.01). The ADG:ADFI ratio was not affected (P > 0.1) by treatments during this period. In P4, although there was a difference in ADFI between pigs fed Diet 3 and Diet 1 (3.8 vs. 3.47 kg; P = 0.04), no decreases in ADG:ADFI ratio were observed among the four dietary treatments (P > 0.5). Average daily gain was not affected (P > 0.3) by treatments during the growing-finishing period, suggesting that the level of corn replacement up to 100% by proso millet did not affect pig growth. In conclusion, proso millet was shown to effectively replace corn in corn-soybean meal-based diet for growing-finishing pigs without compromising growth performance.

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79 Effects of dietary net energy and neutral detergent fiber levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing finishing pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa054.101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 55-56

Author(s):

Ning Lu ◽

Carine Vier ◽

Wayne Cast ◽

Uislei Orlando ◽

Márcio Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Net Energy ◽

Finishing Pigs

Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of feeding different net energy (NE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on performance of growing-finishing pigs from 30- to 135-kg. A total of 2,058 barrows and gilts (PIC 380×Camborough, initial BW 33.4±0.60 kg) were used in a 97-d growth trial with 21 pigs per pen and 14 pens per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were formulated to contain 2.11, 2.21, 2.32, 2.42, 2.53, 2.63, and 2.73 Mcal NE/kg; and 24.2, 19.7, 15.1, 10.6, 10.2, 9.8, and 9.5% NDF throughout the experiment. Wheat, wheat byproducts, barley, rye, peas, fababeans, and canola oil were used with NRC (2012) loading values to achieve the treatments. Dietary lysine levels were set to meet PIC2016 lysine requirements for finishing gilts. Experimental data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models and linear and quadratic polynomial contrasts were built with pen as the experimental unit. Increasing NE or decreasing NDF improved (linear and quadratic, P< 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), gain-to-feed ratio (G:F), carcass ADG, and carcass G:F (Table 1); but reduced (linear and quadratic, P< 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI). Comparing to pigs fed 2.42 Mcal/kg diet (energy equivalent to a corn-soybean meal diet), even though those fed 2.11 Mcal/kg diet had 8.7% increment on ADFI, daily NE intake was still 5.4% less. Hot carcass weight, backfat depth, and carcass yield increased (linear and quadratic, P< 0.05) and lean yield decreased (linear and quadratic, P< 0.05) with increasing dietary NE and decreasing NDF. No evidence for differences (P >0.10) were observed for loin depth. Removal and mortality rate was reduced (quadratic, P< 0.05) with increasing dietary NE and decreasing dietary NDF. In summary, increasing dietary NE while reducing dietary NDF resulted in improvements on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and removal and mortality rate.

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159 Evaluation of Bacillus Subtilis PB6 Probiotic (CLOSTAT® 500) on Feedlot Phase Growth Performance, Efficiency of Dietary Net Energy Utilization, and Fecal and Subiliac Lymph Node Salmonella Prevalence

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 119-120

Author(s):

Zachary K Smith ◽

Paul Rand R Broadway ◽

Keith Underwood ◽

Warren C Rusche ◽

Julie Walker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Net Energy ◽

Fecal Samples

Abstract Yearling beef steers (n = 238; initial BW=402 ± 31.2 kg) were used to evaluate a Bacillus subtilis probiotic on growth performance, dietary net energy (NE) utilization, carcass characteristics, and fecal and subiliac lymph node Salmonella prevalence during a 140-d finishing period. Steers were allotted to 24 pens (n = 9 to 10 steers/pen) and assigned to one of two treatments (12 pens/treatment): no probiotic (CON) or 0.50 g·steer-1·d-1 of a Bacillus subtilis PB6 probiotic (CLOSTAT® 500, Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA; CLO). Steers were transitioned to a 90% concentrate diet (DM basis) over 14-d. Steers were fed once daily at 0700 h; bunks were managed according to a slick bunk management. Fecal samples were collected on d 1, 28, 56, 112, and 140 from each pen (n = 5 steers/pen) via rectal palpation and composited by pen for determination of Salmonella prevalence. Upon harvest, subiliac lymph nodes were obtained from 60 steers in CON and 57 steers in CLO. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design; pen was the experimental unit; α of 0.05 determined significance. No differences were detected (P ≥ 0.25) between treatments for live or carcass-adjusted average daily gain, dry matter intake, gain efficiency, dietary NE utilization, nor calculated dietary NE content based upon performance. No differences were detected between treatments for any carcass traits (P ≥ 0.15). Salmonella was not recovered in any fecal samples except on d 112, where steers from CLO had a numerically lower (P = 0.17; 8.3 vs. 25.0%) incidence of fecal Salmonella compared to CON and on d 140 fecal, where Salmonella incidence did not differ (P = 0.34; 0.0 vs. 8.3%) for CON and CLO, respectively. Salmonella was not recovered in any subiliac lymph nodes. These data indicate that CLO did not influence growth performance or Salmonella prevalence.

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167 Effects of L-lys Hcl and Distillers Dried Grains Inclusion Rate on Growth Performance of Finishing Pigs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab054.096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 57-57

Author(s):

Henrique S Cemin ◽

Luke A Swalla ◽

Jamie L Pietig ◽

Sharlie A Hansen ◽

Ernie L Hansen

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Distillers Dried Grains ◽

White Grease ◽

Inclusion Rate ◽

Quadratic Response ◽

High Level ◽

Crystalline Amino Acids

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of L-Lys HCl inclusion in diets with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of finishing pigs. A total of 2,414 pigs (initial BW = 92.7 kg) were used in a 34-d trial. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial treatment structure with two levels of DDGS (0 or 10%) and three levels of L-Lys HCl (0.2, 0.3, or 0.4%). Diets were corn and soybean meal-based and were formulated to be isocaloric (NE = 2,668 kcal/kg) and isolysinic (0.75% SID Lys) by adjusting the inclusion of soybean meal, crystalline amino acids, and choice white grease. All other nutrient levels met or exceeded the NRC (2012) requirement estimates. There were 16 replicates per treatment. Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured to calculate ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Data was analyzed with SAS MIXED procedure. There was no evidence (P > 0.10) for interactive effects between L-Lys HCl and DDGS inclusion rate. Pigs fed diets with 10% DDGS had improved (P = 0.002) G:F, but there was no evidence (P > 0.10) for differences in ADG or ADFI. Pigs fed increasing levels of L-Lys HCl had higher (linear, P = 0.026) ADFI, decreased (quadratic, P = 0.013) G:F, and a tendency for quadratic response (P = 0.063) in ADG, overall with the poorest performance observed for pigs fed the diet with 0.4% L-Lys HCl. In conclusion, pigs fed 0 or 10% DDGS presented similar performance; however, pigs fed the high level of L-Lys HCl presented decreased performance.

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