scholarly journals Rapid Quantification of Fungicide Effectiveness on Inhibiting Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 2434-2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furong Peng ◽  
Miu Si ◽  
Yang Zizhu ◽  
Yuhang Fu ◽  
Yuheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Rapid Quantification

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most important and devastating diseases of wheat; therefore, it is necessary to rapidly and accurately quantify fungicide effectiveness to monitor Pst sensitivity and manage the disease. In this study, a rapid method of quantifying the fungicide effectiveness with detached leaves was developed. The results showed that 0.5% water agar containing 75 μg/ml of 6-benzylaminopurine and filter paper worked the best for maintaining wheat leaves. The disease incidences of different concentrations of spore suspension were compared. When the spore concentrations were 5 and 10 mg/ml, the disease incidences had no significant differences at 12 and 15 days after inoculation (P < 0.05). Fungicide treatment tests revealed that there were no significant differences in the efficacies of triadimefon on rust suppression between detached leaves in the culture dishes and direct spray on seedlings. We also developed a Photoshop software method that can replace the current classification method and accurately measure the proportion of sporulation area on infected leaves. The sensitivity baseline of Pst to triadimefon was estimated as 0.1453 ± 0.0081 μg/ml, and all the values of EC50 were tested for normal distribution using the Shapiro–Wilk test (W = 0.204). The baseline can be used to test the sensitivity of different Pst isolates to triadimefon.

scholarly journals Inheritance and Molecular Mapping of Barley Genes Conferring Resistance to Wheat Stripe Rust

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 884-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vihanga Pahalawatta ◽  
Xianming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Microsatellite Marker ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Type Data

Most barley cultivars are resistant to stripe rust of wheat that is caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. The barley cv. Steptoe is susceptible to all identified races of P. striiformis f. sp. hordei (PSH), the barley stripe rust pathogen, but is resistant to most P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races. To determine inheritance of the Steptoe resistance to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici, a cross was made between Steptoe and Russell, a barley cultivar susceptible to some P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races and all tested P. striiformis f. sp. hordei races. Seedlings of parents and F1, BC1, F2, and F3 progeny from the barley cross were tested with P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races PST-41 and PST-45 under controlled greenhouse conditions. Genetic analyses of infection type data showed that Steptoe had one dominant gene and one recessive gene (provisionally designated as RpstS1 and rpstS2, respectively) for resistance to races PST-41 and PST-45. Genomic DNA was extracted from the parents and 150 F2 plants that were tested for rust reaction and grown for seed of F3 lines. The infection type data and polymorphic markers identified using the resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) technique were analyzed with the Mapmaker computer program to map the resistance genes. The dominant resistance gene in Steptoe for resistance to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races was mapped on barley chromosome 4H using a linked microsatellite marker, HVM68. A linkage group for the dominant gene was constructed with 12 RGAP markers and the microsatellite marker. The results show that resistance in barley to the wheat stripe rust pathogen is qualitatively inherited. These genes might provide useful resistance against wheat stripe rust when introgressed into wheat from barley.

First Report of Stripe Rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Wheat in Florida

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann R. Blount ◽  
Shabbir A. Rizvi ◽  
Ronald D. Barnett ◽  
Xianming Chen ◽  
Timothy S. Schubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
First Report ◽  
Documented Case ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Yield Trials

The wheat stripe rust pathogen occured on several experimental wheat lines planted at Quincy, FL in early February 2003. Several experimental lines in the 2003 Advanced Wheat A, the Advanced Wheat B, and the Uniform Southern Wheat Nursery yield trials then showed traces of stripe rust on the leaves of the plants. An unusually cool and wet winter and spring encouraged a scattered outbreak of stripe rust of wheat on susceptible experimental lines of wheat. This report constitutes the first documented case of stripe rust of wheat in Florida. Accepted for publication 22 February 2005. Published 4 March 2005.

scholarly journals Development of Race-Specific SCAR Markers for Detection of Chinese Races CYR32 and CYR33 of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baotong Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Hu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Baojun Hao ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating disease in China. Races CYR32 and CYR33 have been predominant in the recent P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population. To develop molecular markers for these races, initially 86 isolates, most of which were collected in 2007 throughout China, were tested on the set of wheat genotypes for differentiating Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races, and their genomic DNA were amplified with 94 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Twelve isolates were identified as CYR33, 14 as CYR32, and 60 as 13 other races. A 320-bp band was identified to be associated with CYR32 with primer S1271 (5′-CTTCTCGGTC-3′), and a 550-bp band was identified to be specific to CYR33 with primer S1304 (5′-AGGAGCGACA-3′). The two bands were cloned and sequenced. Based on the sequences, sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers CYR32sp1/sp2 and CYR33sp1/sp2 were developed to differentiate CYR32 and CYR33, respectively, from other races. The SCAR markers were validated with DNA samples from wheat leaves inoculated with selected isolates from the 86 isolates and urediniospore DNA samples from an additional 63 isolates collected from 2006 to 2009. The detection of CYR32 and CYR33 with the SCAR markers was completely consistent with the results of the race identification with the set of differential wheat genotypes. Thus, the markers are highly reliable for identification of the two races.

scholarly journals Constructing Physical and Genomic Maps forPuccinia striiformisf. sp.tritici, the Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen, by Comparing Its EST Sequences to the Genomic Sequence ofP. graminisf. sp.tritici, the Wheat Stem Rust Pathogen

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Xianming Chen ◽  
Meinan Wang ◽  
Zhensheng Kang
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Physical Relationship ◽  
Rust Pathogen

The wheat stripe rust fungus,Puccinia striiformisf. sp.tritici(Pst), does not have a known alternate host for sexual reproduction, which makes it impossible to study gene linkages through classic genetic and molecular mapping approaches. In this study, we compared 4,219Pstexpression sequence tags (ESTs) to the genomic sequence ofP. graminisf. sp.tritici(Pgt), the wheat stem rust fungus, using BLAST searches. The percentages of homologous genes varied greatly among differentPstlibraries with 54.51%, 51.21%, and 13.61% for the urediniospore, germinated urediniospore, and haustorial libraries, respectively, with an average of 33.92%. The 1,432Pstgenes with significant homology withPgtsequences were grouped into physical groups corresponding to 237Pgtsupercontigs. The physical relationship was demonstrated by 12 pairs (57%), out of 21 selectedPstgene pairs, through PCR screening of aPstBAC library. The results indicate that thePgtgenome sequence is useful in constructingPstphysical maps.

scholarly journals Race Composition of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Tibet, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Hu ◽  
Jiaojiao Li ◽  
Yating Wang ◽  
Baotong Wang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Wheat Stripe Rust ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
New Races

In Tibet, China, wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) has recently become one of the most destructive diseases on winter wheat. To identify races of the pathogen in Tibet, 261 isolates were obtained in 2010 and tested on seedlings of a standard set of 19 wheat indicator genotypes. Of the 261 isolates, 248 were identified as members of 19 known races (CYR17, CYR20, CYR21, CYR22, CYR23, CYR29, CYR31, CYR32, CYR33, Lov13-6, Su11-1, Su11-2, Su11-3, Su11-4, Su11-5, Su11-6, Su11-7, Su11-8, and Su11-13), and 13 identified as representatives of 4 new races. CYR32 and CYR33 were the most predominant. The number of races and their frequencies in Tibet were more similar to the fungal populations in Sichuan and Gansu provinces than to those in Yunnan, Qinghai, and Shaanxi provinces. The results suggest that Tibet is also a possible center of inoculum source and genetic variation for the stripe rust pathogen in addition to Sichuan and Gansu.

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