Occurrence of the White Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera sojae, and the Soybean Cyst Nematode, H. glycines, in Korea

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heonil Kang ◽  
Hyoungrai Ko ◽  
Donggeun Kim ◽  
Insoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Plants

Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines, SCN) is the most harmful pathogen of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) worldwide. In 2016, a new soybean-parasitic cyst nematode, Heterodera sojae (the white soybean cyst nematode) was found parasitizing the roots of soybean plants in Korea. To investigate the distribution and population density of H. sojae, 943 soil samples were collected from soybean fields in all nine provinces in Korea in 2017 to 2018. Cyst nematodes were detected in 343 samples (36.4%) from eight of the nine provinces, except the island of Jeju province. Among the 343 samples, H. glycines was found in 227 samples (66.2%), H. sojae in 95 samples (27.7%), and 21 samples (6.1%) were infested with both H. sojae and H. glycines. Wide distribution of H. sojae in soybean fields indicates that H. sojae is an important cyst nematode species parasitizing soybean together with H. glycines.

AAC Richard Soybean

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangfu Yu ◽  
Lorna Woodrow ◽  
M. Chun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
High Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L

AAC Richard is a food grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] cultivar with yellow hilum, high protein concentration, and good processing quality for foreign and domestic soymilk, tofu, and miso markets. It has resistance to SCN (soybean cyst nematode) (Heterodera Glycines Ichinohe). AAC Richard was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Harrow Research and Development Centre (Harrow-RDC), Harrow, Ontario and is adapted to areas of southwest Ontario with 3100 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

scholarly journals The genome of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) reveals complex patterns of duplications involved in the evolution of parasitism genes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Masonbrink ◽  
Tom R. Maier ◽  
Usha Muppiral ◽  
Arun S. Seetharam ◽  
Etienne Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Parasitism Genes ◽  
Nematode Genomes

AbstractHeterodera glycines, commonly referred to as the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), is an obligatory and sedentary plant parasite that causes over a billion-dollar yield loss to soybean production annually. Although there are genetic determinants that render soybean plants resistant to certain nematode genotypes, resistant soybean cultivars are increasingly ineffective because their multi-year usage has selected for virulentH. glycinespopulations. The parasitic success ofH. glycinesrelies on the comprehensive re-engineering of an infection site into a syncytium, as well as the long-term suppression of host defense to ensure syncytial viability. At the forefront of these complex molecular interactions are effectors, the proteins secreted byH. glycinesinto host root tissues. The mechanisms of effector acquisition, diversification, and selection need to be understood before effective control strategies can be developed, but the lack of an annotated genome has been a major roadblock. Here, we use PacBio long-read technology to assemble aH. glycinesgenome of 738 contigs into 123Mb with annotations for 29,769 genes. The genome contains significant numbers of repeats (34%), tandem duplicates (18.7Mb), and horizontal gene transfer events (151 genes). Using previously published effector sequences, the newly generatedH. glycinesgenome, and comparisons to other nematode genomes, we investigate the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the emergence and diversification of effector genes.

OAC Ramsay soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1392-1394
Author(s):  
S. Torabi ◽  
B.T. Stirling ◽  
J. Kobler ◽  
M. Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
High Yield Potential

OAC Ramsay is an indeterminate large-seeded food-grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with high yield potential, high seed protein and oil concentrations, and resistance to soybean cyst nematode. OAC Ramsay is developed and recommended for soybean growing areas in southwestern Ontario with 3050 or greater crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.2 (MG 2.2).

AAC Big Ben soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-971
Author(s):  
K. Yu ◽  
L. Woodrow ◽  
C. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Development Centre ◽  
Glycine Max L

AAC Big Ben is a high yielding, soybean cyst nematode resistant food-grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with yellow hilum and acceptable processing quality for foreign and domestic tofu, soymilk, and miso markets. AAC Big Ben was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Harrow Research and Development Centre (Harrow-RDC), Harrow, ON. AAC Big Ben is adapted to areas of southwestern Ontario with 3300 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity group of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

Distribution, population density, race and type determination of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, in Iran

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Salati ◽  
Robert Riggs ◽  
Zahra Tanha Maafi
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World

AbstractThe soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, found in most soybean growing regions in the world, is considered the most economically damaging pathogen of soybean worldwide. A survey conducted in the northern provinces of Mazandaran and Golestan, the main soybean-producing areas in Iran, revealed SCN was widespread in different localities of these regions. Of the 55 and 88 soil samples collected from soybean fields in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces, respectively, ten (18.8%) and 23 (26%) samples were infested with H. glycines; the population densities of second-stage juveniles (J2) and eggs ranged from 500 to 60 000 and 500 to ≥100 000 per 250 cm3 soil, respectively. These population densities of H. glycines are indicative of reductions in soybean yield. HG Type tests were conducted on 16 field populations. HG Type 0 (race 3) was the most common with 94% frequency, whereas HG Type 7 (race 6) was found in 6% of tested populations. Most populations of H. glycines parasitised PI88788 and PI548316. Eight of the most commonly used soybean cultivars were tested against H. glycines HG Type 0; seven of them, Sepideh, Sahar (Pershing), Gorgan 3, Williams 82, JK (Sari), BP (Telar) and Hill, had high female indices and were considered susceptible to HG Type 0. Only the cultivar DPX showed low female indices and was resistant to race 3. The initial observations showed that the first life cycle of SCN required 30-34 days in early-planted fields (late May and early June), whereas in late-planted fields (early July), white females were visible 20 days after planting. Several generations could be expected in a single growing season under field conditions in northern Iran.

AAC Malden soybean

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1277-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Poysa ◽  
L. Woodrow ◽  
K. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Heat Units ◽  
Glycine Max L

Poysa, V., Woodrow, L. and Yu, K. 2013. AAC Malden soybean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1277–1279. AAC Malden is a high-yielding, high-protein, large-seeded, soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistant food grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with yellow hila and acceptable processing quality for foreign and domestic tofu, soymilk and miso markets. It was developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre (GPCRC), Harrow, Ontario. AAC Malden is adapted to areas of southwest Ontario with 3100 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

Response of soybean cyst nematodes and soybeans (Glycine max) to herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Levene ◽  
Micheal D.K. Owen ◽  
Gregory L. Tylka
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematodes

The effect of herbicides applied to V3 soybeans on race 3 soybean cyst nematode (SCN) reproduction and glyceollin production in roots was measured. Soybeans were treated postemergence with 1 × and 2 × rates of herbicides plus adjuvants or with adjuvants alone, and SCN development was measured. Acifluorfen, bentazon, lactofen, crop oil concentrate (COC), and nonionic surfactant (NIS) applications reduced SCN egg population densities 50 to 60% compared with the untreated control 4 and 8 wk after application. The SCN reproduction on plants treated with fluazifop-P, sethoxydim, and imazethapyr was similar to the untreated control. Crop oil concentrate or NIS applications alone were as effective as acifluorfen, bentazon, or lactofen applications for reducing SCN reproduction. However, no additive effect of adjuvant-herbicide combinations was observed, nor did herbicide rate affect SCN reproduction. Treatments reduced SCN reproduction only when applied to soybeans and had no effect on SCN reproduction when applied directly to the soil. No treatment stimulated SCN reproduction relative to the untreated control. Soybeans treated with COC, NIS, acifluorfen, and bentazon also had more glyceollin detected than the untreated control. Herbicide-induced glyceollin production may have increased the resistance of soybean to SCN.

scholarly journals Distribution and Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) based upon Host Differentials in Jilin Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 735-741
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Yan
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
First Time

Jilin is the dominant soybean production province in China. Soybean cyst nematode [Heterodera glycines] (SCN) is one of the most important yield-limiting factors in soybean production. Information about the distribution and virulence phenotypes of SCN in soybean fields are essential for optimizing varieties choice in the region. The distribution and virulence phenotypes of SCN in 141 soil samples from 38 cites (cities, counties and towns) across Jilin province were investigated. One hundred and four (73.76%) of the samples from all 38 cities (counties, towns) tested positive for SCN and SCN population densities were more than 5 cysts/100 mL soil in 53 samples from 27 cities (counties, towns). In those 53 samples, we identified 7 races and 12 Heterodera glycines (HG) types, with Race 3 and HG Type 7 being the most dominant genotypes. Of all the genotypes identified, Race10 and HG Type 1.7 were found for the first time in China, and HG Type 3.4.5.7 was the first reported worldwide. Thirty-eight SCN populations (34.5%) were virulent on plant introduction (PI) 548316 (#7) and 15 of them had female indices (FI) ≥ 10% on Pickett. PI 548316 and Pickett were not recommended as parents of breeding against cyst nematode in Jilin province. Peking-type resistance sources were preferred to pi88788-type in Jilin province. In addition, it was found neither the race nor HG scheme is sufficient for differentiating SCN populations in Jilin province, nor the combination of the two methods is recommended for studying the genetic diversity of SCN in Jilin province. That is, Pickett which was removed in HG scheme should be included not as an indicator line but just to separate different races from the same HG type. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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