Effects of Spore Density and Interaction with Heterodera glycines on Soybean Root Rot caused by Fusarium solani and F. tricinctum

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yan ◽  
Berlin Nelson Jr
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Egg Density

Fusarium root rot, caused by Fusarium solani and F. tricinctum, is a major soybean disease in the North Central United States. This study investigated the effects of the macroconidia density and the additive effects of soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, on the severity of Fusarium root rot. To determine the effect of spore density on severity, experiments were conducted in La Prairie silt loam soil in a greenhouse using conidial suspensions ranging from 101 to 106 macroconidia/ml soil. Root discoloration and lesion lengths on taproots increased as spore numbers increased, with significant effects of spore densities starting at 104 and 105 macroconidia/ml soil for F. solani and F. tricinctum, respectively. A non-linear sigmoid model was fitted to root discoloration against density, while a linear regression model was fitted to root lesion length against density. The interaction between the nematode at different egg densities with the two Fusarium species at 105 macroconidia/ml soil was investigated. In the greenhouse, root discoloration and lesion length were significantly greater in plants inoculated with Fusarium spp. and H. glycines at 10 eggs/ml soil or greater, compared to Fusarium spp. alone. In field trials, co-infestation of soil with the two Fusarium spp. and H. glycines significantly increased root rot severity at an egg density of 16.7 eggs/ml soil. The results indicated that the presence of SCN can increase severity of root rot caused by F. solani and F. tricinctum and egg density in the soil is an important factor in the interaction.

Fusarium root rot complex in soybean: Molecular characterization, trichothecene formation and cross-pathogenicity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hafez ◽  
Ahmed Abdelmagid ◽  
Reem Aboukhaddour ◽  
Lorne R. Adam ◽  
Fouad Daayf
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fusarium Pathogens ◽  
First Time

Soybean is threatened by many pathogens that negatively affect this crop's yield and quality, e.g., different Fusarium species that cause wilting and root rot diseases. Fusarium root rot (FRR) in soybean can be caused by F. graminearum and other Fusarium spp. that are associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals. Therefore, it was important to enquire whether Fusarium pathogens from soybean can cause disease in wheat, and vice versa. Here, we investigated the Fusarium root rot complex in Manitoba (Canada) from symptomatic plants, using both culture- and molecular-based methods. We developed a molecular diagnostic toolkit to detect and differentiate between several Fusarium spp. involved in FHB and FRR, then we evaluated cross-pathogenicity of selected Fusarium isolates collected from soybean and wheat, and the results indicate that isolates recovered from one host can infect the other host. Trichothecene production by selected Fusarium spp. was also analyzed chemically using LC-MS in both soybean (root) and wheat (spike) tissues. Trichothecenes were also analyzed in soybean seeds from plants with FRR to check the potentiality of trichothecene translocation from infected roots to the seeds. All of the tested Fusarium isolates were capable of producing trichothecenes in wheat spikes and soybean roots, but no trichothecenes were detected in soybean seeds. This study provided evidence, for the first time, that trichothecenes were produced by several Fusarium spp. (F. cerealis, F. culmorum and F. sporotrichioides) during FRR development in soybean.

scholarly journals Response of Dry Bean Genotypes to Fusarium Root Rot, Caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, Under Field and Controlled Conditions

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1197-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Bilgi ◽  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
S. D. Khot ◽  
K. F. Grafton ◽  
J. B. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Layer Method ◽  
Red Kidney Bean ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
High Level

Fusarium root rot of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), caused by Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli, is a major yield-limiting disease in North Dakota and Minnesota. Although a few sources of partial resistance are available, most commercial cultivars grown in this region are susceptible, especially in the red kidney bean market class. This study evaluated three methods of screening for resistance to Fusarium root rot. A sand-cornmeal inoculum layer method, spore suspension method, and paper towel method were used to evaluate 11 dry bean genotypes for resistance to Fusarium root rot under growth-chamber conditions. These same genotypes were also evaluated in field trials at Fargo, ND, and Park Rapids and Perham, MN, in 2005. In all trials, the small red genotype VAX 3 was found to have a consistently high level of resistance to Fusarium root rot and could be used as a source of resistance by dry bean breeders. Correlation analyses between field and growth-chamber root rot ratings indicated that all three growth-chamber methods had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) positive correlations with field results from Perham and Fargo, which suggests that all three methods could be used to screen germplasm efficiently for resistance to Fusarium root rot.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium root rot in Asian Pear Caused by Fusarium solani in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
L. W. Zhu ◽  
X. M. Tang ◽  
T. Y. Lin ◽  
S. S. Zhou ◽  
P. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
First Report ◽  
Asian Pear

Fusarium spp. associated with root rot of pulse crops and their cross pathogenicity to cereal crops in Montana

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarnalatha Moparthi ◽  
Mary Eileen Burrows ◽  
Josephine Mgbechi-Ezeri ◽  
Bright Agindotan
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Disease Management Strategy

Root rot caused by Fusarium species is a major problem in the pulse growing regions of Montana. Fusarium isolates (n=112) were obtained from seeds and/or roots of chickpea, dry pea, and lentil. Isolates were identified by comparing the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the translation elongation factor 1-α in Fusarium-ID database. Fusarium avenaceum was the most abundant species (28%), followed by F. acuminatum (21%), F. poae (13%), F. oxysporum (8%), F. culmorum (6%), F. redolens (6%), F. sporotrichioides (6%), F. solani (4%), F. graminearum (2%), F. torulosum (2%) and F. tricinctum (0.9%). The aggressiveness of a subset of 50 isolates that represent various sources of isolation was tested on three pulse crops and two cereal crops. Nonparametric analysis of variance conducted on ranks of disease severity indicated that F. avenaceum and F. solani isolates were highly aggressive on pea and chickpea. In lentil, F. avenaceum and F. culmorum were highly aggressive. In barley, F. avenaceum, F. solani, F. culmorum, and F. graminearum were highly aggressive. In wheat, F. avenaceum, F. graminearum, and F. culmorum were highly aggressive. Two F. avenaceum isolates were highly aggressive across all the crops tested and found to be cross pathogenic. One isolate of F. culmorum and an isolate of F. graminearum obtained from chickpea and lentil seed were highly aggressive on barley and wheat. The results indicate that multiple Fusarium spp. from seeds and roots can cause root rot on both pulse and cereal crops. Rotating these crops may still lead to an increase in inoculum levels, making crop rotation limited in efficacy as a disease management strategy.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium Root Rot of Tobacco Caused by Fusarium solani in Lincang, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Jingdong Cao ◽  
Yuanxian Zheng ◽  
Jiming Wang ◽  
Houfa Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
First Report

Fusarium root rot of prairie gentian caused by a species belonging to the Fusarium solani species complex

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Tomioka ◽  
Yuuri Hirooka ◽  
Akane Takezaki ◽  
Takayuki Aoki ◽  
Toyozo Sato
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Solani Species Complex ◽  
Prairie Gentian

Fusarium in Zuckerrüben

2011 ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Christ ◽  
Mark Varrelmann
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot

Fusarien treten weltweit als Pathogene an allen wichtigen Kulturpflanzen auf und können zu großen Ertrags- und Qualitätsverlusten führen. Von besonderem Interesse ist die Fähigkeit dieser Gattung, Mykotoxine zu produzieren, die zu Gesundheitsschäden bei Mensch und Tier führen können. Auch Zuckerrüben können in allen Entwicklungsstadien und während der Lagerung von unterschiedlichen Fusarium spp. befallen werden, wobei das Wissen zu Schadensumfang und Mykotoxinkontamination noch sehr begrenzt ist. Während in den USA vor allem „Fusarium Yellows“ und „Fusarium Root Rot“ zu Verlusten in Ertrag und Weißzuckergehalt führen, sind in Europa eher sekundäre Rübenfäulen zu beobachten. Ebenso wie Lagerfäulen sind diese jedoch nur schwer zu quantifizieren. Problematisch bei der Untersuchung von Fusarium in Zuckerrüben ist die Abgrenzung von Pathogenen, Saprophyten und Endophyten. Im vorliegenden Review wird ein Überblick über die Erregerbiologie und Methoden zur Artbestimmung sowie über alle bekannten Fusarium-bedingten Rübenkrankheiten gegeben und auf Schwierigkeiten bei der Ursachenfindung hingewiesen.

scholarly journals Effects of soil compaction, temperature, and moisture on the development of the Fusarium root rot complex of pea in southwestern Ontario

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Compaction Temperature ◽  
Foliar Symptom

The pea root rot complex (Fusarium spp.) is known to be affected by compaction, temperature, and moisture of the soils. This paper reports the effects of these factors on root rot severity and pea (Pisum sativum) growth tested in a controlled environment, using a Fusarium-infested soil collected from a field with a severe root rot history. For each factor, several increments were used. The results showed that in a controlled environment, an increase in soil bulk density due to compaction significantly increased root rot incidence and disease severity, and drastically reduced the fresh weight of pea plants. Stepwise increases in soil temperature from 10 to 30°C resulted in increases in estimated root rot severity and foliar symptom expression. Pea plants grown in soil moisture at 75% of field capacity had significantly lower Fusarium root rot incidence and severity than those grown in soil at 100%, 50% or 25% of field capacity. Pea plants subjected to temporary flooding exhibited an increased root rot incidence and severity as the duration of flooding increased from 1 to 5 d.

Fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium solani on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Wook Yang ◽  
Sang-Sik Nam ◽  
Hyeong-Un Lee ◽  
Kyu-Hwan Choi ◽  
Se-Gu Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot

scholarly journals Fusarium Species from the Cassava Root Rot Complex in West Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajit Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Maina Mwangi ◽  
Sylvester O. Aigbe ◽  
John F. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Diverse Species

Fusarium species are a significant component of the set of fungi associated with cassava root rot. Yield losses due to root rot average 0.5 to 1 ton/ha but losses >3 ton/ha, an equivalent of 15 to 20% yield, often occur. This paper reviews previous work on cassava root rot and summarizes a few recent studies on Fusarium species associated with the disease. Our studies in Cameroon showed that 30% of rotted tubers were infected by Fusarium spp. 12 months after planting and represented 25% of all the fungal isolates recovered. Other commonly recovered fungi were Botryodiplodia theobromae and Armillaria spp. Numerous and diverse species of Fusarium were associated with rotted cassava roots in Nigeria and Cameroon. At least 13 distinct amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) groups of Fusarium were distinguishable, each group probably a distinct species, and many of them might represent previously undescribed Fusarium species. The two largest of the AFLP groups correspond to F. oxysporum and F. solani species complex. The distribution of Fusarium spp. varied among countries and among locations within a country, suggesting that germ plasm resistant at one location may not be resistant at another. Fusarium spp. also cause seedling blight of cassava and can be recovered from the stems of infected plants up to 1 m above the ground. Therefore, the pathogen can spread with stems cut as planting material. Fusarium spp. also can colonize Chromolaena odorata, the dominant weed in short fallows, which could further complicate management efforts by serving as an alternative host for strains that colonize cassava.

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