scholarly journals Thyronectria balsamea on Abies fraseri in Pennsylvania and North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 830-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Wenner ◽  
W. Merrill ◽  
J. T. Moody
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
State University ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Arnold Arbor ◽  
Abies Fraseri ◽  
First Report ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Voucher Specimens

In August 1996, several 4- to 6-m-tall Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. in Adams County, PA, were found bearing numerous dead branches and/or dead tops. The trees had been severely stressed by being ball-and-burlapped and replanted in 1993. Distinct cankers occurred between the living and dead portions of stems and branches. Associated with these cankers were abundant, reddish-orange, erumpent stroma, each bearing three to 10 similarly colored cupulate ascomata. The latter contained asci bearing two to four large, muriform ascospores that, as they matured, formed large numbers of small ascoconidia, indicating the pathogen was Thyronectria balsamea (Cooke & Peck) Seeler (= Nectria balsamea Cooke & Peck). In September 1996, cankered dead stems and branches from affected A. frasrei Christmas tree plantations in Avery County, NC, were found bearing the same pathogen. This fungus is known on A. bal-samea (L.) Mill. from northern Minnesota east through Canada to northern New York and Newfoundland (2). Funk (1) reported it from A. lasio-carpa (Hook.) Nutt. in (presumably) British Columbia, but gave no details. This is the first report of it in the eastern United States south of northern New York, a considerable extension of its known range, and the first report of it from A. fraseri. Voucher specimens are in PACMA (Pennsylvania State University Mycologica Herbarium, Mont Alto Campus). References: (1) A. Funk. Can. For. Serv. BC-X-222:142, 1981. (2) E. V. Seeler, Jr. J. Arnold Arbor. 21:442, 1940.

scholarly journals First Report of Thyronectria austroamericana Canker on Thornless Honey Locust in North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1177
Author(s):  
L. F. Grand ◽  
C. S. Vernia ◽  
C. S. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
State University ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Arnold Arbor ◽  
First Report ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
The North ◽  
Honey Locust ◽  
Zoological Park

Specimens from a thornless honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis ‘Shade Master’) with cankers were submitted in May 1999 to the North Carolina State University Plant Disease and Insect Clinic by staff from the North Carolina Zoological Park (Asheboro). Abundant stromata of Gyrostroma austroamericana, the anamorph of Thyronectria austroamericana, were associated with the cankers. A visit to the Zoological Park during August 1999 revealed seven additional honey locust trees with multiple branch and stem cankers and dieback. All infected trees had perithecia of T. austroamericana and/or its anamorph. The fungus is distinguished by the large clusters of yellow-brown perithecia with dark brown tips produced on stromata emerging from lenticels, elliptical muriform ascospores, and sparse ascoconidia (1,2). Ascoconidia form as the result of ascospores budding within the ascus. Other trees of the cultivar are an integral part of the landscaping theme of the African Pavilion of the park, and park staff were concerned about disease spread. Infected trees were 8 years old, and several had evidence of sunscald cankers, a common infection court of T. austroamericana (2). Thornless cultivars of honey locust are popular landscape plants in the central and eastern United States and may be seriously affected by T. austroamericana (2). Apparently ‘Shade Master’ is very susceptible to the fungus and should not be used as a landscape tree, especially where the disease has been reported. This is the first report of T. austroamericana in North Carolina on any host. Voucher specimens have been deposited in the National Fungus Collection, Beltsville, MD (BPI 74693), and in the Mycological Herbarium, Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh. References: (1) E. V. Seeler, Jr. J. Arnold Arbor. Harv. Univ. 21:429, 1940. (2) W. A. Sinclair et al. 1993. Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.

Book Reviews

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
First Century ◽  
State University ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Temple University ◽  
State College

Manufacturing Suburbs , by Robert Lewis ( ed. ). Philadelphia : Temple University Press , 2004 . 304 pp . ISBN 1‐59213‐085‐2 ( cloth ) $68.50. ISBN 1‐59213‐086‐0 ( paper ) $24.95. Hollow City: The Siege of San Francisco and the Crisis of American Urbanism , by Rebecca Solnit and Susan Schwartzenberg . New York , NY : Verso , 2002 . 182 pp . ISBN 1‐85984‐363‐8 ( cloth ) $20.00 . Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles , by Eric Avila . Berkeley : University of California Press , 2004 . Volume 13 in the American Crossroads Series , edited by Earl Lewis, George Lipsitz, Peggy Pascoe, George Sánchez, and Dana Tagaki . 308 pp . ISBN 0‐520‐24121‐5 ( cloth ) $39.95 . Challenges for Rural America in the Twenty‐First Century , by David Brown and Louis Swanson ( eds .). State College , PA : Pennsylvania State University Press , 2003 . 513 pp ., NPL . Home Ownership and Social Inequality in Comparative Perspective , by Karin Kurz and Hans‐Peter Blossfeld ( eds. ). Stanford , California : Stanford University Press , 2004 . 385 pp . ISBN 0‐8047‐4851‐9 ( cloth ) $70.00 .

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