scholarly journals Pectobacterium spp. Associated with Bacterial Stem Rot Syndrome of Potato in Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 937-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. De Boer ◽  
X. Li ◽  
L. J. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Blackleg Disease ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pectobacterium Atrosepticum ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sequence Identification ◽  
Carotovorum Subsp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Pectobacterium atrosepticum, P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, and P. wasabiae were detected in potato stems with blackleg symptoms using species- and subspecies-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The tests included a new assay for P. wasabiae based on the phytase gene sequence. Identification of isolates from diseased stems by biochemical or physiological characterization, PCR, and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) largely confirmed the PCR detection of Pectobacterium spp. in stem samples. P. atrosepticum was most commonly present but was the sole Pectobacterium sp. detected in only 52% of the diseased stems. P. wasabiae was most frequently present in combination with P. atrosepticum and was the sole Pectobacterium sp. detected in 13% of diseased stems. Pathogenicity of P. wasabiae on potato and its capacity to cause blackleg disease were demonstrated by stem inoculation and its isolation as the sole Pectobacterium sp. from field-grown diseased plants produced from inoculated seed tubers. Incidence of P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis was low in diseased stems, and the ability of Canadian strains to cause blackleg in plants grown from inoculated tubers was not confirmed. Canadian isolates of P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis differed from Brazilian isolates in diagnostic biochemical tests but conformed to the subspecies in PCR specificity and typing by MLST.

Routine identification of four sympatric species of calanoid copepods Pseudocalanus spp. in the Atlantic Arctic using a species-specific polymerase chain reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
E. A. Ershova
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Routine Identification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Plankton Communities

Сalanoid copepods of the genus Pseudocalanus play an important role in the plankton communities of the Arctic and boreal seas, often dominating in numbers and constituting a significant proportion of the biomass of zooplankton. Despite their high presence and significance in the shelf plankton communities, species-specific studies of the biology of these are significantly hampered by extremely small morphological differences between them, especially at the juvenile stages, at which they are virtually indistinguishable. In this paper, we describe a new, routine and low-cost molecular method for identifying all Pseudocalanus species found in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic: the Arctic P. acuspes, P. minutus and the boreal P. moultoni and P. elongatus, and apply it to describe the relative distribution of these species in four locations of the Arctic and sub-Arctic. With this method, species-specific polymerase chain reaction (ssPCR), mass identification of individuals of any developmental stage, including nauplii, is possible. This method can serve as an excellent tool for studying the species-specific biology of this group, describing their life cycles, as well as monitoring changes in Arctic marine ecosystems under the influence of changing climate.

scholarly journals Transmission of the Citrus Variegated Chlorosis Bacterium Xylella fastidiosa with the Sharpshooter Oncometopia nigricans

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1237-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Brlansky ◽  
V. D. Damsteegt ◽  
J. S. Hartung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Citrus Variegated Chlorosis ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) is an economically important, destructive disease in Brazil and is caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells. The bacterium has been found to be transmitted in Brazil by sharpshooter leafhoppers (Cicadellidae). Sharpshooters are present in most citrus growing areas of the United States. The sharpshooter leafhopper, Oncometopia nigricans Walker, frequently is found feeding on citrus in Florida. This sharpshooter transmits the X. fastidiosa strains that cause Pierce's disease of grape and ragweed stunt. Research was initiated to determine if O. nigricans was capable of vectoring the X. fastidiosa that causes CVC. In 59 different transmission tests, using 1 to 57 insects per test, transmission of the bacterium was observed 12 times (20.3%). Symptom development in the greenhouse was not a reliable indicator of transmission. Transmission was verified by specific polymerase chain reaction-based assays. Individual insects were able to transmit the bacterium. This information on sharpshooter transmission of CVC is needed to assess the threat posed by the CVC disease to the citrus industries in the United States.

New subspecies-specific polymerase chain reaction-based assay for the detection ofAcidovorax avenaesubsp.citrulli

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bahar ◽  
M. Efrat ◽  
E. Hadar ◽  
B. Dutta ◽  
R. R. Walcott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Gene sequences of the pcpB gene of pentachlorophenol-degrading Sphingomonas chlorophenolica found in nondegrading bacteria

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana M Saboo ◽  
Michael A Gealt
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hybridization Data ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Sphingomonas Chlorophenolica ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Bacteria isolated from a pentachlorophenol (PCP) contaminated site grew in the presence of 50 µg PCP/mL but were not able to degrade it in either liquid medium or the presence of 1% sterile potting soil as a solid support. Probes developed using the gene sequence of PCP-4-monooxygenase (pcpB) from Sphingomonas chlorophenolica sp.nov hybridized to two separate isolates. Identification based on fatty acid methyl ester profiles (Sherlock™), substrate utilization (BIOLOG™), and 16S rRNA showed that the two strains were different from each other and from Sphingomonas chlorophenolica. Sequences from these isolates, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, confirmed the homology with pcpB. The presence of pcpB sequences in these nondegraders indicated that growth and hybridization data alone were insufficient for predicting degradation capability. Key words: pentachlorophenol, Sphingomonas chlorophenolica, pcpB gene, pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase.

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