On-farm evaluations of anaerobic soil disinfestation and grafting for management of a widespread soilborne disease complex in protected culture tomato production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Louise Testen ◽  
Marlia Bosques Martinez ◽  
Alejandra Jimenez Madrid ◽  
Loic Deblais ◽  
Christopher Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Soilborne Disease ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Corky Root ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Corky Root Rot

Tomato production in Ohio protected culture systems is hindered by a soilborne disease complex consisting of corky root rot (Pyrenochaeta lycopersici), black dot root rot (Colletotrichum coccodes), Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae), and root-knot (Meloidogyne hapla and M. incognita). In a survey of 71 high tunnels, C. coccodes was detected in 90% of high tunnels, while P. lycopersici (46%), V. dahliae (48%) and Meloidogyne spp. (45%) were found in nearly half of high tunnels. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) with wheat bran (20.2 Mg/ha) plus molasses (10.1 Mg/ha) and grafting onto ‘Maxifort’ or ‘Estamino’ rootstocks were evaluated in high tunnels on five farms. In post-ASD bioassays using trial soils, root and taproot rot severity were significantly reduced following ASD, and root-knot galling was also reduced by ASD. Soilborne pathogenic fungi were isolated less frequently from bioassay plants grown in ASD-treated soils than control soils. Similar results were observed in tomato plants grown in high tunnels. Root rot was significantly reduced by ASD in nearly all trials. Corky root rot severity was highest in non-grafted plants grown in non-treated soils, while the lowest levels of corky root rot were observed in Maxifort-grafted plants. Black dot root rot severity was higher or equivalent in grafted plants compared to non-grafted plants. Root-knot severity was lower in plants grown in ASD-treated soils in high tunnels compared to plants grown in control soils, but grafting did not significantly decrease root-knot severity. However, soil treatment did not significantly impact yield, and grafting led to inconsistent impacts on yield.

scholarly journals Optimizing anaerobic soil disinfestation for fresh market tomato production: Nematode and weed control, yield, and fruit quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichao Guo ◽  
Francesco Di Gioia ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Monica Ozores-Hampton ◽  
Marilyn E. Swisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation

scholarly journals First Report of Corky Root Rot of Tomato Caused by Pyrenochaeta lycopersici in Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
A. L. Testen ◽  
A. Chala ◽  
F. Azerefegne ◽  
S. A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
First Report ◽  
Corky Root ◽  
Corky Root Rot ◽  
Pyrenochaeta Lycopersici

scholarly journals Carbon Source and Soil Origin Shape Soil Microbiomes and Tomato Soilborne Pathogen Populations During Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Testen ◽  
Sally A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soilborne Diseases ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Origin ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Soilborne disease complexes are an emerging constraint in protected culture tomato production systems in the Midwestern United States. Diseases in these complexes include Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae), black dot root rot (Colletotrichum coccodes), corky root rot (Pyrenochaeta lycopersici), and root knot (Meloidogyne spp.). Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) may be a viable, environmentally benign strategy for managing these complexes. Soils from two farms in Ohio were used to determine the impacts of ASD, using wheat bran, molasses, or ethanol as carbon sources, on soilborne diseases and soil bacterial communities. ASD with wheat bran or ethanol amendments led to significantly reduced tomato root rot severity, while nematode galling damage was significantly reduced following ASD with any carbon source compared with nontreated controls. When ethanol was used as a carbon source in ASD, the colonization of tomato roots by P. lycopersici and C. coccodes was observed less frequently than in control roots. A high throughput sequencing approach was used to characterize soil bacterial communities following ASD. Carbon source and soil origin influenced the composition of bacterial communities in soils treated with ASD. Bacterial community diversity decreased following ASD with wheat bran in all soils tested and following ASD with ethanol in soils from one farm. The abundance of bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes generally increased significantly following ASD, while the abundance of those in the phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Plantomycetes generally decreased following ASD. These findings provide insight into the impacts of ASD on microbial communities and soilborne diseases and will be used to optimize ASD as a tool for Midwestern vegetable growers.

The corky root rot pathogenPyrenochaeta lycopersicimanipulates tomato roots with molecules secreted early during their interaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Henri Clergeot ◽  
Claudia Rivetti ◽  
Mollah Md. Hamiduzzaman ◽  
Sophia Ekengren
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Corky Root ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Corky Root Rot

scholarly journals Synergy of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation and Trichoderma spp. in Rhizoctonia Root Rot Suppression

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram B. Khadka ◽  
Sally A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot

Potential synergy between anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) and Trichoderma spp. in suppression of Rhizoctonia root rot in radish was evaluated. A split-plot design with three replications was used; main plots were Trichoderma harzianum T22, Trichoderma asperellum NT25 and a non-Trichoderma control. Subplots were ASD carbon sources wheat bran, molasses, chicken manure, and mustard greens and two non-amended controls: anaerobic (covered and flooded) and aerobic (not covered or flooded). Carbon sources and Rhizoctonia solani inoculant were mixed with soil, placed in pots, and flooded, followed by drenching Trichoderma spore suspensions and sealing the pots in zip-lock bags. After 3 weeks, bags were removed, soil was aired for 1 week and radish “SSR-RR-27” was seeded. Rhizoctonia root rot severity and incidence were lowest in radish plants grown in ASD-treated soil amended with wheat bran, molasses, or mustard greens across all Trichoderma treatments. Disease severity was lower in radish plants treated with NT25 than with T22 or the non-Trichoderma control across all ASD treatments, and in radish grown in ASD-treated soil amended with wheat bran plus NT25 compared to ASD-wheat bran or NT25 alone. Rhizoctonia solani populations were significantly reduced by ASD treatment regardless of carbon source, while Trichoderma populations were not affected by ASD treatment with the exception of ASD-mustard greens. The interactions of either Trichoderma isolate and ASD with most carbon sources were additive, while T22 with ASD-molasses and NT25 with ASD–wheat bran interactions were synergistic in reducing disease severity. One interaction, T22 with ASD-chicken manure was antagonistic. Enhancement of ASD efficacy in suppressing soilborne diseases such as Rhizoctonia root rot by additional soil amendment with Trichoderma spp. during the process appears to be dependent on both Trichoderma isolate and ASD carbon source.

scholarly journals Implementation of Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation in Florida Tomato Production

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Bodh R. Paudel ◽  
Francesco Di Gioia ◽  
Qiang Zhu ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Monica Ozores-Hampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Production Improvement

Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is a relatively new technique that appears to be a promising tool for soilborne pest management and crop production improvement. This new 5-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department is intended to introduce ASD for Florida vegetable growers. Written by Bodh R. Paudel, Francesco Di Gioia, Qiang Zhu, Xin Zhao, Monica Ozores-Hampton, Marilyn E. Swisher, Kaylene Sattanno, Jason C. Hong, and Erin N. Rosskopf. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1345

scholarly journals First Report of Black Dot Root Rot, Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes, on Tomato in Kentucky High Tunnels

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 2126
Author(s):  
E. Fealko ◽  
D. Szarka ◽  
A. Lamb ◽  
B. Amsden ◽  
J. Beale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
First Report ◽  
High Tunnels

SNP-based codominant markers for a recessive gene conferring resistance to corky root rot (Rhizomonas suberifaciens) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Moreno-Vázquez ◽  
Oswaldo E Ochoa ◽  
Nanne Faber ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
Jeanne M.E Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Corky Root ◽  
Corky Root Rot ◽  
Rhizomonas Suberifaciens

The analysis of F2 progeny and derived F3 families of Lactuca sativa segregating for resistance to corky root rot caused by Rhizomonas suberifaciens permitted the identification of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to the recessive resistance gene cor. PCR-based markers were identified by bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Allele-specific primers were generally designed with the 3´ terminal base coinciding with an SNP, matching one of the alleles and mismatching the other, and with an additional subterminal 3´ base mismatching both alleles. Codominant, robust, and inexpensive molecular markers were obtained that used standardized PCR conditions. Some of the markers could be analyzed in multiple Lactuca mapping populations that did not segregate for disease resistance allowing the cor locus to be located on several maps. The consistent low density of markers around cor in these maps suggests that cor may be in an area with an elevated rate of recombination. Evaluation of these markers in a large sample of cultivars and landraces identified pairs of flanking polymorphic markers that can be used for marker-assisted selection of corky root resistance.Key words: single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR), marker-assisted selection (MAS), genetic map, resistance gene.

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