scholarly journals Intermittent hypoxia prior to completion of nephrogenesis increases systolic blood pressure and proteinuria after angiotensin II treatment in adult male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey A Ramirez ◽  
Elizabeth Snyder ◽  
Terri Marin ◽  
Jennifer C Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Male Rats

Abstract 1684: Toll-like Receptor 4 Deficiency Attenuates Angiotensin II-induced Atherosclerosis and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms via a MyD88-dependent Mechanism

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Phillip Owens ◽  
Deborah A Howatt ◽  
Alan Daugherty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Post Infusion

Objective: We previously demonstrated that angiotensin II (AngII) infusion into myeloid differentiation factor 88 deficient mice (MyD88−/−) resulted in a profound reduction of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in apoE−/− mice. Furthermore, AngII directly regulated toll-like receptor (TLR) mRNA in cell types associated with these diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the specific TLR responsible for the MyD88 mediated reduction in vascular pathology. Methods and Results: MyD88 mice were bred onto an LDLr−/− background. Deficiency in this hyperlipidemic strain caused similar decreases in AngII-induced atherosclerosis and aneurysm to those we previously noted in apoE−/− mice. Male TLR4+/+ (n = 14) or −/− (n = 19), on an LDLr−/− background, were fed a fat-enriched diet (21% milk fat, 0.15% cholesterol) and infused with AngII (1,000ng/kg/min) for 28 days. TLR4−/− mice had significantly attenuated systolic blood pressure from TLR4+/+ mice both prior to and during AngII infusion (P < .01). However, AngII did increase systolic blood pressure similarly in both groups (+/+: pre-infusion 142 ± 2, post-infusion 169 ± 3 mmHg; −/−: pre-infusion 130 ± 1, post-infusion 158 ± 3 mmHg; P < .001). Neither TLR4 genotype nor AngII infusions had significantly different effects on total plasma cholesterol concentrations or lipoprotein-cholesterol distributions. TLR4 deficiency dramatically decreased AngII-induced atherosclerotic lesion areas in both the aortic arch (50% decrease, P < .004), and thoracic aorta (66% decrease, P < .001). TLR4 deficiency decreased the diameter of the suprarenal abdominal aortic region from 2.31 ± 0.3 to 1.2 ± 0.06 mm (P < 0.001) and the incidence of AAAs from 93% to 26% (P < 0.001), versus control animals. Conversely, TLR2 deficiency reduced AngII-induced atherosclerosis in LDLr−/− mice, but had no significant effect on AAA formation. Conclusion: TLR4 deficiency attenuated both AngII-induced atherosclerosis and AAAs, in LDLr−/− mice, in a manner similar to the effects of MyD88 deficiency. TLR2 deficiency decreased AngII-induced atherosclerosis, but had no effect on AAAs. These data are consistent with TLR4 being the major receptor for MyD88-induced effects on AngII-induced AAAs. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Great Rivers Affiliate (Delaware, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania & West Virginia).

scholarly journals Nuclear Activation Function 2 Estrogen Receptor α Attenuates Arterial and Renal Alterations Due to Aging and Hypertension in Female Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Guivarc'h ◽  
Julie Favre ◽  
Anne‐Laure Guihot ◽  
Emilie Vessières ◽  
Linda Grimaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Α ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Female Mice

Background The cardiovascular protective effects of estrogens in premenopausal women depend mainly on estrogen receptor α (ERα). ERα activates nuclear gene transcription regulation and membrane‐initiated signaling. The latter plays a key role in estrogen‐dependent activation of endothelial NO synthase. The goal of the present work was to determine the respective roles of the 2 ERα activities in endothelial function and cardiac and kidney damage in young and old female mice with hypertension, which is a major risk factor in postmenopausal women. Methods and Results Five‐ and 18‐month‐old female mice lacking either ERα (ERα −/− ), the nuclear activating function AF2 of ERα (AF2°), or membrane‐located ERα (C451A) were treated with angiotensin II (0.5 mg/kg per day) for 1 month. Systolic blood pressure, left ventricle weight, vascular reactivity, and kidney function were then assessed. Angiotensin II increased systolic blood pressure, ventricle weight, and vascular contractility in ERα −/− and AF2° mice more than in wild‐type and C451A mice, independent of age. In both the aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries, angiotensin II and aging reduced endothelium‐dependent relaxation in all groups, but this effect was more pronounced in ERα −/− and AF2° than in the wild‐type and C451A mice. Kidney inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as blood urea and creatinine levels, were also more pronounced in old hypertensive ERα −/− and AF2° than in old hypertensive wild‐type and C451A mice. Conclusions The nuclear ERα‐AF2 dependent function attenuates angiotensin II–dependent hypertension and protects target organs in aging mice, whereas membrane ERα signaling does not seem to play a role.

scholarly journals A randomized trial to evaluate a modified tracheal catheter with upper and lower balloons for anesthetic administration: effect on the cardiovascular, stress response, and comfort in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuenong Zhang ◽  
Zhiwen Zeng ◽  
Guangwen Xiao ◽  
Weiqiang Zhang ◽  
Weixiong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Endotracheal Anesthesia

Abstract Background We aimed to evaluate a modified endotracheal tube containing upper and lower balloons for anesthetic administration among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Ninety patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly allocated to 3 equal groups: group A (conventional tracheal intubation without endotracheal anesthesia); B (conventional tracheal intubation with endotracheal anesthesia); and C (tracheal intubation using a modified catheter under study). Blood pressure, heart rate, angiotensin II level, blood glucose level, airway pressure before anesthesia (T1) were measured immediately after intubation (T2), 5 min after intubation (T3), and immediately after extubation (T4). The post-extubation pain experienced was evaluated using the Wong-Baker Face Pain scale. Adverse reactions within 30 min after extubation were recorded. Results Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, angiotensin II, and blood sugar level in group C at T2, T3 and T4, and heart rate at T2 and T4 were significantly lower than those in group A (P < 0.05); systolic blood pressure and blood sugar at T4, and angiotensin II levels at T2, T3, and T4 were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). Patients in group C reported the lowest post-extubation pain (P < 0.05 vs. Group A), and the lowest incidence of adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, and sore throat than that in groups A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusion The modified endotracheal anesthesia tube under study is effective in reducing cardiovascular and tracheal stress response, and increasing patient comfort, without inducing an increase in airway resistance. Trial registration The clinical trial was retrospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with the Registration Number ChiCTR1900020832 at January 20th 2019.

Cyclic glycine-proline normalizes systolic blood pressure in high-fat diet-induced obese male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengxia Li ◽  
Karen Liu ◽  
Clint Gray ◽  
Paul Harris ◽  
Clare M. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Male

scholarly journals The Short-Term Effects of Prunes in Preventing Inflammation and Improving Indices of Bone Health in Osteopenic Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Bahram Arjmandi ◽  
Kelli George ◽  
Lauren Ormsbee ◽  
Neda Akhavan ◽  
Joseph Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Significant Group

Abstract Objectives Osteoporosis is a public health concern for both women and men. Chronic inflammation contributes to bone loss; therefore, foods rich in antioxidants, such as prunes, are of great interest. Previously, dietary intervention with prunes has been shown to prevent orchidectomy-induced decreases in BMD, microstructure, and biomechanics in male rats; however, there is a need for this to be studied in a clinical setting in adult males. Methods Thirty-five men between the ages of 55 and 80 with moderate bone loss were included. The men were randomized into one of three groups: 100 g prunes daily, 50 g prunes daily, or control group. All three groups also consumed a multivitamin containing 450 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D. Serum samples from the baseline and three-month time points were analyzed for biomarkers of bone turnover, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Results After three months, daily consumption of 100 g prunes was associated with a significant decrease in serum concentrations of osteocalcin (P &lt; 0.001). Consumption of 50 g of prunes was associated with significant decreases in systolic blood pressure, and serum osteocalcin concentrations (P = 0.040), and an increase in the OPG: RANKL ratio (P = 0.041). There were also significant decreases in systolic blood pressure, OPG (P = 0.004), RANKL (P = 0.010), and osteocalcin (P = 0.049) in control group. There was a significant group*time effect for changes in OPG (P = 0.019) and the OPG: RANKL ratio (P = 0.029). Conclusions Decreases in osteocalcin indicate a decrease in bone turnover, and a higher OPG: RANKL ratio indicates that more RANKL is bound to OPG, and not to osteoclasts, thus downregulating osteoclast activity. Therefore, regular consumption of either 100 g or 50 g dried plum for three months may make some contributions to bone formation and bone turnover activity, and minimal contribution to decreasing inflammation and improving bone density and quality. Funding Sources USDA/NIFA, California Prune Board, and Shaklee.

scholarly journals A Calibrated Method of Massage Therapy Decreases Systolic Blood Pressure Concomitant With Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Male Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt A. Spurgin ◽  
Anthony Kaprelian ◽  
Roberto Gutierrez ◽  
Vidyasagar Jha ◽  
Christopher G. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Male Rats

scholarly journals Enhanced sensitivity to acute angiotensin II is testosterone dependent in adult male growth-restricted offspring

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (5) ◽  
pp. R1421-R1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma B. Ojeda ◽  
Thomas P. Royals ◽  
Joshua T. Black ◽  
John Henry Dasinger ◽  
Jeremy M. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

Placental insufficiency results in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and hypertension in adult male growth-restricted rats. Although renal ANG II and plasma renin activity do not differ between growth-restricted and control rats, blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) abolishes hypertension in growth-restricted rats, suggesting that the RAS contributes to IUGR-induced hypertension. Moreover, castration abolishes hypertension in growth-restricted rats, indicating an important role for testosterone. Therefore, we hypothesized that enhanced responsiveness to ANG II contributes to hypertension in this model of IUGR and that androgens may play a pivotal role in this enhanced response. Physiological parameters were determined at 16 wk of age in male rats pretreated with enalapril (40 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 1 wk. Baseline blood pressures were similar between growth-restricted (112 ± 3 mmHg) and control (110 ± 2 mmHg) rats; however, an enhanced pressor response to acute ANG II (100 ng·kg−1·min−1 for 30 min) was observed in growth-restricted (160 ± 2 mmHg) vs. control (136 ± 2 mmHg; P < 0.05) rats. Castration abolished the enhanced pressor response to acute ANG II in growth-restricted (130 ± 2 mmHg) rats with no significant effect on blood pressure in controls (130 ± 2 mmHg). Blood pressure was increased to a similar extent above baseline in response to acute phenylephrine (100 μg/min) in control (184 ± 5 mmHg) and growth-restricted (184 ± 8 mmHg) rats, suggesting the enhanced pressor response in growth-restricted rats is ANG II specific. Thus, these results suggest that growth-restricted rats exhibit an enhanced responsiveness to ANG II that is testosterone dependent and indicate that the RAS may serve as an underlying mechanism in mediating hypertension programmed in response to IUGR.

STUDIES ON ALDOSTERONE: III. CHRONIC EFFECT ON THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Gornall ◽  
H. M. Grundy ◽  
C. J. Koladich
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Effect ◽  
Dose Levels

A rise in systolic blood pressure due to the administration of 0.4 or 0.5 μg of aldosterone per 100 g body weight to young male rats, over a period of 3 to 6 months, has been confirmed in two separate experiments. This effect was observed whether the aldosterone was given 3 days a week or 6 days a week, and whether dissolved in aqueous ethanol or in oil. Equal doses of 9-α-fluorohydrocortisone and of 2-methyl-9-α-fluorohydrocortisone produced similar though somewhat less consistent effects. When 4 or 5 μg of reserpine was administered along with aldosterone there was no clear evidence of a protective effect. Reserpine alone at these low dose levels was somewhat toxic in the rat and led to a rise in blood pressure.

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