Lactobacillus reuteri as a Therapeutic Agent in Acute Diarrhea in Young Children

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aino-Vieno Shornikova ◽  
Ivan A. Casas ◽  
Erika Isolauri ◽  
Hannu Mykkänen ◽  
Timo Vesikari
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri

scholarly journals Short-Term Effect of Prebiotics Administration on Stool Characteristics and Serum Cytokines Dynamics in Very Young Children with Acute Diarrhea

Nutrients ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachum Vaisman ◽  
Josef Press ◽  
Eugene Leibovitz ◽  
Güenther Boehm ◽  
Vivian Barak
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Serum Cytokines ◽  
Very Young Children

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effect of Lactobacillus-based Probiotic on Canine Acute Diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
G Ratio

The present study was conducted to evaluate therapeutic effect of commercial lactobacillus-based probiotic as a single therapeutic agent against acute diarrhea in dogs. About 47 dogs were studied in the present work, included 20 apparent healthy dogs and 27 diseased dogs suffered from acute diarrhea. About 17 diarrheic dogs were treated with probiotic for 5 days. Physical and clinical examinations were performed for all dogs. Blood and serum samples were collected to evaluate hemato-biochemical status at Day 0 and Day 5 after treatment. Stool was observed and scrutinized for its consistency during treatment. Results showed a decreased recovery time of diseased cases at 2.4±0.02 days. Significant decrease of PCV and WBCs count, significant increase total protein, albumin, A/G ratio and significant decrease of elevated ALT, AST and bilirubin at Day 5 was recorded compared to diarrheic dogs at day 0. Conclusion: the data indicates an efficient treatment with lactobacillus-based probiotic as solo therapeutic agent against canine acute diarrhea, not only reduce the recovery time, but also, enhance liver functions and improve the fecal consistency.

scholarly journals Effects of live versus heat-killed probiotics on acute diarrhea in young children

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atik Indriyani ◽  
Mohammad Juffrie ◽  
Amalia Setyati
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Probiotic Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Single Blind

Background Diarrhea remains one of the major causes ofmorbidity and mortality in children in developing countries.Probiotics have been shown to be beneficial for decreasing thefrequency and duration of diarrhea. However, the reported effectson reducing the duration of diarrhea have been varied.Objective To compare the effectiveness of live and heat􀁂killedprobiotics in 6􀁂60 month􀁂old children with acute diarrhea fordecreasing duration and frequency of diarrhea and improvingweight gain.Methods We conducted a randomized, single􀁂blind, controlledtrial in children aged 6􀁂60 months with acute diarrhea. Childrenwere randomized into two groups, receiving either live or heat􀁂killed probiotics. All children received standard treatment fordiarrhea and probiotics as adjuvant treatment. The primaryoutcomes were duration and frequency of diarrhea, as well asweight gain. T􀁂test was used for data analysis.Results There were 165 children with acute diarrhea enrolledin this study. They were divided into 2 groups, with 83 childrenreceiving live probiotics and 82 children receiving heat􀁂killedprobiotics. There were no significant differences in diarrhealduration in the two groups. The mean durations of diarrhea inthe live and heat􀁂killed probiotic groups were 3.64 (SD 0.85) daysand 3.74 (SD 0.73) days (P>0.05), respectively. Mean diarrhealfrequencies were also not significantly different, with 3.25 (SD1.44) times per day in the live probiotic group and 3.26 (SD 1.20)times per day in the heat􀁂killed probiotic group (P>0.05). Inaddition, mean weight gain was not significantly different, 'With241.57 (SD 75.84) g in the live prohiotic group and 221.95 (SD85.38) g in the heat-killed prohiotic group (P>0.05).Conclusion There were no significant differences between live andheat􀁂killed probiotics for reducing duration and frequency of diarrhea,as well as in weight gain in children aged 6􀁂60 months 'With acutediarrhea. [paediatr lndones. 2012;52:249-54].

Use of Nonhuman Milks in the Dietary Management of Young Children With Acute Diarrhea: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Brown ◽  
Janet M. Peerson ◽  
Olivier Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
World Health ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Failure Rates ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Oral Rehydration

Objective. To assess the effects of continued feeding of nonhuman milks or formulas to young children during acute diarrhea on their treatment failure rates, stool frequency and amount, diarrheal duration, and change in body weight. Methods. A total of 29 randomized clinical trials of 2215 patients were identified by computerized bibliographic search and review of published articles. Data were abstracted and analyzed using standard meta-analytic procedures. Results. Among studies that compared lactose-containing milk or formula diets with lactose-free regimens, those children who received the lactose-containing diets during acute diarrhea were twice as likely to have a treatment failure as those who received a lactose-free diet (22% vs 12%, respectively; P < .001). However, the excess treatment failure rates occurred only in those studies that included patients whose initial degree of dehydration, as reported by authors, was severe, or that were conducted before 1985, when appropriate diarrhea treatment protocols were first widely accepted. Among studies of patients with mild diarrhea, all but one of which were completed after 1985, the overall treatment failure rates in the lactose groups were similar to the rates in the lactose-free groups (13% vs 15%). These results suggest that children with mild or no dehydration and those who are managed according to appropriate treatment protocols, such as that promoted by the World Health Organization, can be treated as successfully with lactose-containing diets as with lactose-free ones. The pooled information from studies that compared undiluted lactose-containing milks with the same milks offered at reduced concentration concluded that (1) children who received undiluted milks were marginally more likely to experience treatment failure than those who received diluted milk (16% vs 12%, P = .05), (2) the differences in stool output were small and of limited clinical importance, and (3) children who received the undiluted milk diets gained 0.25 SD more weight than those who received the diluted ones (P = .004). In addition, as with the previous set of studies, there were no differences in the pooled treatment failure rates between the respective groups in those studies of mildly dehydrated patients conducted after 1985 (14% vs 12%). Conclusions. The vast majority of young children with acute diarrhea can be successfully managed with continued feeding of undiluted nonhuman milks. Routine dilution of milk and routine use of lactose-free milk formula are therefore not necessary, especially when oral rehydration therapy and early feeding (in addition to milk) form the basic approach to the clinical management of diarrhea in infants and children.

scholarly journals Correlation between gut pathogens and fecal calprotectin levels in young children with acute diarrhea

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanever Angela Lam ◽  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Audrey M.I. Wahani ◽  
Jeanette I.C. Manoppo ◽  
Praevilia Margareth Salendu
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Gut Pathogens

Background In cases of acute diarrhea, it is difficult to distinguishbetween bact erial and non-bacterial causes . Increased fecalcalprotectin (f-CP) level is a marker of neutrophil migration in theintestinal lumen and is associated with intes tinal inflammation.Previous studies reported an increase in f-CP levels in childrenwith acute diarrhea, which is caused by bacteria, but only fewhave studied the relationship between intestinal pathogens withf-CP levels in acute diarrhea.Objective To assess for a correlation between gut pathogens andfecal calprotectin levels in children with acute diarrhea.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study between Julyto November 2012 on children aged 1-5 ye ars with acutediarrhea, and underwent routine blood tests, stool microscopy,f-CP tests, and stool cultures. We used a simple linear regressionand correlation analysis with a significance level of P< 0.05.Results Forty-two children enrolled in this study. The mean age ofsubjects was 2.27 (SD 134) years. Theirmeanf-CP level was 93.88(SD 14.68) μg/g. On microscopic stool examination, 26 patients( 61.9%) had positive leukocytes, 1 had Ancy lo stoma duodenale, 1had Ascaris lumbricoides, and 2 had Blastocystis hominis. Positivestool cultures were found in 14 children (33.3%) with acutediarrhea. There was a significant positive correlation between gutpathogens and f-CP levels (r=0.605; P< 0.0001).Conclusion In young children with acute diarrhea, the averagef-CP levels are higher in those with positive intestinal pathogens.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Clinical Peculiarities of Norovirus and Rotavirus Infection in Hospitalized Young Children with Acute Diarrhea in Taiwan, 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yan Yang ◽  
Kao-Pin Hwang ◽  
Fang-Tzy Wu ◽  
Ho-Sheng Wu ◽  
Chao Agnes Hsiung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection

scholarly journals Which Probiotic Is the Most Effective for Treating Acute Diarrhea in Children? A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4319
Author(s):  
Zengbin Li ◽  
Guixian Zhu ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Hao Lai ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Moderate Evidence

Acute diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five. Probiotics are beneficial for treating acute diarrhea in children, but unclear which specific probiotic is the most effective. We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis to examine the comparative effectiveness of probiotics. By searching EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library up to 31 March 2021, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on probiotics for treating acute diarrhea in children were included. Primary outcomes included the duration of diarrhea and diarrhea lasting ≥2 days, and secondary outcomes included the mean stool frequency on day 2 and duration of hospitalization, fever, and vomiting. We assessed the certainty of the evidence of outcomes according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guideline. Eighty-four studies with twenty-one different interventions in 13,443 children were included. For the primary outcomes, moderate evidence indicated that, Lactobacillus reuteri [mean difference (MD) = −0.84 day; 95% confidence interval (CI), −1.39, −0.29], Bifidobacterium lactis (MD = −0.98 day; 95%CI, −1.82, −0.14), Saccharomyces boulardii (MD = −1.25 day; 95%CI, −1.59, −0.91), Lactobacillus species (spp.) plus Bifidobacterium spp. plus Saccharomyces spp. (MD = −1.19 day; 95%CI, −1.81, −0.58), and Bacillus spp. plus Enterococcus spp. plus Clostridium spp. (MD = −1.1 day; 95%CI, −1.84, −0.35) significantly reduced the duration of diarrhea when compared with placebo. Saccharomyces boulardii [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.22; 95%CI, 0.11, 0.41] and Lactobacillus reuteri (OR = 0.23; 95%CI, 0.090, 0.60) significantly reduced the risk of diarrhea lasting ≥2 days when compared with placebo or no treatment, with moderate evidence. Among all probiotics, Saccharomyces boulardii may be the most effective in reducing both duration of diarrhea (compared with placebo) and risk of diarrhea lasting ≥2 days (compared with placebo or no treatment), with moderate evidence. To be conclusive, Saccharomyces boulardii may be the most effective probiotic for treating acute diarrhea in children, followed by several other single-strain and multi-strain probiotics.

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