Influence of feeding cows with plant adaptogens on the physiological and biochemical status of lactating cows

Purpose: development of a method for correcting the physiological biochemical status of lactating cows and increasing their productivity in industrial stress conditions using vegetable adaptogens based on the sea buckthorn, hawthorn and lecithin.Materials and methods. The work reflects the results of a study on the effect of phytocompositions, including the fruits of sea buckthorn (SB), blood-red hawthorn (BH) and vegetable lecithin (L), on the physiological and biochemical status and productivity of lactating cows. The following groups of animals were formed, 5 animals each (n = 5), duration 30 days: group 1 (control) received only the basic diet of the farm (BD); Group 2 (BD + SB + BH) - the main diet of the farm, sea buckthorn fruits at a dose of 130 g / cow / day, blood-red hawthorn fruits dried at a dose of 40 g / cow/ day; Group 3 (BD + SB + BH + L) - the main diet of the farm, sea buckthorn fruits at a dose of 130 g / cow / day, blood-red hawthorn fruits dried at a dose of 40 g / cow / day, lecithin at a dose of 70 g / cow / day Revealed a positive effect on the indicators of protein, carbohydrate, lipid metabolism and milk productivity. By the end of the experiment, the experimental cows had the highest average daily milk yield in cows of group №. 3 that received, in addition to the main diet, a composition of hawthorn, sea buckthorn and vegetable lecithin (5.5% higher relative to the control group) and in group of cows №. 2 that received composition from the fruits of hawthorn and sea buckthorn (an increase of 4%).Results. Revealed positive effect on indicators of protein, carbohydrate, lipid exchanges and dairy productivity. By the end of the experiment, the experimental cows are the largest average daily fishing of the group of group No. 3, which additionally received the main diet from the fruits of hawthorn, sea buckthorn and vegetable lecithin (above 5.5% relative to the control group) and in the group of cows No. 2, which received the composition Of the fruits of hawthorn and sea buckthorn (the increase was 4%).Conclusion. The analysis of the results of the study of biochemical indicators shows that the composition comprising the fruits of sea buckthorn, hawthorn blood-red and vegetable lecithin has the greatest adaptogenic properties.

Effect of Maternal Migraine during Gestation and Delivery Outcomes

Background: Migraine is defined as a condition accompanied with head ache, nausea, visual and sound sensitivity. Objective: To determine the effect of migraine on maternal and neonatal health. Study Design: Case control study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta from 1st August 2018 to 31st August 2021. Methodology: One hundred pregnant women divided into migraine and non-migraine groups were enrolled. Both groups were assessed for their sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical status. Their information was documented. Results: Group I females were above 36 years of age and were in their first trimester. There were 56% women who did not presented visual aura. More irritability, pre-term labour and preeclampsia, risk of C section and hypertension was noticed in group I than Group II. Conclusion: Migraine is linked with higher risk of hypertension, preeclampsia, C section and low birth weight new born. Key words: Migraine, Pregnancy, Low birth weight

Triacontanol modulates salt stress tolerance in cucumber by altering the physiological and biochemical status of plant cells

Cucumber is an important vegetable but highly sensitive to salt stress. The present study was designed to investigate the comparative performance of cucumber genotypes under salt stress (50 mmol L−1) and stress alleviation through an optimized level of triacontanol @ 0.8 mg L−1. Four cucumber genotypes were subjected to foliar application of triacontanol under stress. Different physiological, biochemical, water relations and ionic traits were observed to determine the role of triacontanol in salt stress alleviation. Triacontanol ameliorated the lethal impact of salt stress in all genotypes, but Green long and Marketmore were more responsive than Summer green and 20252 in almost all the attributes that define the genetic potential of genotypes. Triacontanol performs as a good scavenger of ROS by accelerating the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and compatible solutes (proline, glycinebetaine, phenolic contents), which lead to improved gas exchange attributes and water relations and in that way enhance the calcium and potassium contents or decline the sodium and chloride contents in cucumber leaves. Furthermore, triacontanol feeding also shows the answer to yield traits of cucumber. It was concluded from the results that the salinity tolerance efficacy of triacontanol is valid in enhancing the productivity of cucumber plants under salt stress. Triacontanol was more pronounced in green long and marketer green than in summer green and 20252. Hence, the findings of this study pave the way towards the usage of triacontanol @ 0.8 mg L−1, and green long and marketer genotypes may be recommended for saline soil.

Features of the formation of the bacterial community of the rumen and the biochemical status of the cows depending on the protein source

The results of scientific and economic experiment on the use of protein concentrate “AgroMatic” in feeding highly productive cows of Ayrshire breed during lactation have been provided in the article. The use of protein concentrate “Agro-Matic” in the rations of dairy cattle in the amount of 1,0 and 1,5 kg/head/day has been leaded to an increase in the content of cellulolytic microflora at the end of lactation compared with the control group. At the same time, the level of microorganisms that stimulate and promote immunity (bacilli, bifid bacterium) and suppress the development of pathogenic bacteria has been observed in high amounts throughout lactation in the experimental groups whose ration was put with protein concentrate. In the rumen content of cows have been receiving 1,5 kg/head/day of protein concentrate “Agro-Matic”, the increased content of bifid bacterium by 0,03 abs.% and bacilli by 0,91 abs.% has been noted. The inclusion of the maximum level of protein concentrate was characterized by the decrease in the number of pathogenic microorganisms like pathogens of mastitis and other diseases (lactobacilli, actinomycetes and enterobacteria). The total number of cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen content at the end of lactation when using 1,0 kg/head/day of protein concentrate in animals increased compared to animals that consumed the basic ration. The inclusion of protein concentrate throughout lactation contributed to the increase in the blood content of total protein and nitrogen of free amino acids. Thus, the use of protein concentrate during the feeding period increased the intensity of protein metabolism in animals. The inclusion of 1,5 kg of protein concentrate in the ration contributed to the increase in total protein in the blood by 4,6 g/l, at the level of 1,0 kg by 9,1 g/l (P > 0,95). The index of insemination when using protein concentrate in lactating cows has been decreased by 21,7 % and the duration of the period of open days by 28,2 days.

The rationed feeding system of highly productive cows, taking into account their biochemical status

Researchers of the Department of Feed and Feeding of farm animals of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science “Vologda Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, as a result of research had been developed a draft system of rationed feeding system of highly productive cows, taking into account the biochemical status of the animal under different conditions of housing in the North of the European part of Russia, within the framework of the research topic AAAAA-A17-117032210064-7. A distinctive feature of the system is the physiological justification of the normative indicators of nutrient requirements for highly productive cows in the phases of lactation, depending on the level of daily productivity. The value of the development lies in a systematic approach to the requirements of complite rationed feeding of highly productive cows, feed quality, feeding regime and technique, taking into account the biochemical status of animals with different methods of housing. The feeding system provides for the year-round use of a feed mixture, which favorably affects the main indicators of the usefulness of the ration and, first of all, the concentration of energy (over 10,5 MJ/kg in dry matter), crude protein (at least 15,0 % in dry matter). The quality of raw protein characterizes the positive balance of protein not cleaved in the rumen. The practical application of the proposed rations with less than 50 % concentrated feed in their structure, the use of highly nutritious feed in the developed feeding scheme should be combined with regular monitoring of the biochemical status of the animal. Ensuring daily metabolism is based on the control of the main indicators of metabolic intensity, such as glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (not lower than 0,3 mg-eq/ml), alanine aminotransferase (not higher than 16 units/ml·h), aspartate aminotransferase (not higher than 27 units/ml·h), etc. The use of the feeding system ensures the productivity of animals at the level of 9000 kg of milk and above per lactation.

Interactive Effects of Microplastics and Tetracycline on Bioaccumulation and Biochemical Status in Jian Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

Microplastics (MPs) and tetracycline (TC) are severe emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment. But there is a lack of research to investigate the interactive effects of MPs and TC in vivo. This study used Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) as the model organism to explore the bioaccumulation and biochemical status when exposed to MPs and TC, alone and combined. The accumulation of TC and MPs in intestine, variation of enzyme activities in intestine, and expression of immune-related genes in muscle were evaluated. Our results found the bioaccumulation of MPs was not affected by TC, but the presence of MPs would change the content of TC within 48 h. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity showed that TC-MP combined exposure could reduce oxidative damage to Jian carps compared to MP exposure alone. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) index showed that SOD activity was sensitive to TC-MP exposure. In addition, co-exposure to MPs and TC could alleviate the overexpression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and toll like receptor 2 (TLR-2) induced by TC in muscles. TLR-2 gene has the potential to be the candidate gene reflecting the injury of TC exposure. In conclusion, it is inferred that co-exposure may reduce the toxicity of individual exposure in the living organisms. This study provides essential information for the risk assessment of pollution with MPs and TC, individually and combined, as well as a foundation to investigate the interactive effects of MPs and antibiotics on aquatic ecosystems.

Sida acuta Burm.f. leaves ethanol extract ameliorates haematological and biochemical alterations induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA-65 in mice

Background Malaria has continued to be a threat to man and his wellbeing, especially Africans and Asians. New antimalarial drugs are urgently needed to mitigate malaria treatment failure due to resistant Plasmodium species. Medicinal plants used by indigenous Nigerians for treating fever and malaria such as Sida acuta Burm.f. (Malvaceae) could be a promising source of lead compounds for developing new generations of antimalarial drugs. The effects of ethanol extract of S. acuta leaves (EESAL) on malaria parasitemia, haematological and biochemical status of P. berghei-infected mice were investigated, using the 4-day curative test. Methodology EESAL was prepared by maceration method. The phyto-constituents and acute toxicity profile of the extract were evaluated using standard protocols. In addition, malaria parasitemia and chemo-suppression, and indicators of haematological and biochemical status of P. berghei-infected mice treated with EESAL were assessed. Results At 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/d b.w., p.o doses for 4 consecutive days, EESAL significantly (p < 0.05) decreased parasitaemia and suppressed malaria parasite by 89.64%, 95.95% and 97.38%, respectively comparable to negative control. The reduction in percentage malaria parasitemia by EESAL is comparable to Artemether (140 mg/kg/d b.w., p.o) used as standard antimalarial drug in this study. The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts of negative control are significantly (p < 0.05) higher than normal control. However, parasitized-EESAL-treated mice have significantly (p < 0.05) higher PCV value, Hb concentration and RBC and WBC counts than negative control. Similarly, treatment of parasitized mice with EESAL restored some indicators of the antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile and liver status altered by malaria. In addition, EESAL was tolerable up to 5000 mg/kg b.w., p.o. Conclusion These results indicate that the EESAL possesses antimalarial activity and normalizes alterations in haematological and biochemical status of malaria-infected mice.

Program asuhan gizi olahraga (PAGO) atlet sepatu roda sebagai strategi memperbaiki profil status gizi, biokimia dan kualitas asupan

Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian intervensi gizi berupa edukasi dan konseling gizi pada atlet sepatu roda remaja terhadap status gizi, status hidrasi, status biokimia, dan asupan gizi. Penelitian one group pre and post test design yang melibatkan 11 atlet di Klub Sepatu Roda Kairos Semarang. Variabel terikat adalah profil antropometri (berat badan, tinggi badan, fat mass, massa otot, body water), status hidrasi, status biokimia (kadar gula darah puasa, asam urat, kolesterol, hemoglobin), dan asupan makan. Uji Wilcoxon digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan profi antropometri, status hidrasi, status biokimia, dan asupan makan subjek antara sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada berat badan (p=0,029), fat mass (p=0,003), status hidrasi subjek sebelum latihan (p=0,026), kadar gula darah (p=0,005), kadar hemoglobin (p=0,007), asupan karbohidrat (p=0,029) dan asupan seng (p=0,049) sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Program Asuhan Gizi Olahraga (PAGO) pada atlet sepatu roda terbukti berdampak pada perbaikan beberapa profil antropometri, status biokimia, dan asupan makan. Program for inline skating athletes as strategies to improve the profile of nutritional status, biochemistry and quality of food intakeAbstract: This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition intervention in the form of nutrition education and counseling for adolescent inline skating athletes on nutritional status, hydration status, biochemical status, and nutritional intake. Methods: One group pre and post test design research on 11 athletes at the Kairos Wheeled Shoes Club Semarang. The dependent variables were anthropometric profiles (body weight, height, fat mass, muscle mass, body water), hydration status, biochemical status (fasting blood sugar levels, uric acid, cholesterol, hemoglobin), and food intake. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze differences in anthropometric profile, hydration status, biochemical status, and food intake of subjects between before and after the intervention, Results: There was a significant difference in body weight (p = 0.029), fat mass (p = 0.003), hydration status subjects before exercise (p = 0.026), blood sugar levels (p = 0.005), hemoglobin levels (p = 0.007), carbohydrate intake (p = 0.029) and zinc intake (p = 0.049) before and after the intervention. Sports Nutrition Care Programme to inline skates athletes is proven to have an impact on anthropometric profile, biochemical status, and intake.