Potassium Channels and Human Corporeal Smooth Muscle Cell Tone: Further Evidence of the Physiological Relevance of the Maxi-K Channel Subtype to the Regulation of Human Corporeal Smooth Muscle Tone In Vitro

2002 ◽  
pp. 2628-2635 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIYA SPEKTOR ◽  
RAMON RODRIGUEZ ◽  
RAYMOND S. ROSENBAUM ◽  
HONG-ZANG WANG ◽  
ARNOLD MELMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tone ◽  
Physiological Relevance

A study of rat intracerebral arterioles: methods, morphology, and reactivity

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. H598-H606 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Dacey ◽  
B. R. Duling
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Cell Nuclei

Penetrating, intracerebral arterioles from rat were isolated, cannulated, and studied in vitro. Vessel wall elements were found to consist of an endothelial cell layer, one smooth muscle cell layer, and a thin adventitial layer or leptomeningeal sheath. Smooth muscle cell nuclei were oriented perpendicular to the vessel's longitudinal axis; endothelial cell nuclei were parallel to the axis. Mean vessel diameter with the smooth muscle inactivated (passive diameter) was 36.7 +/- 1.6 (SE) micrometer. Spontaneous smooth muscle tone developed at 37 degrees C and reduced vessel diameter to 70 +/- 4% of passive diameter. Vessels were activated by the extraluminal application of 140 mM KCl solution at pH 8.00, which produced a transient contraction that decayed within 30 s to a steady contraction of somewhat less intensity. Changes in intravascular pressure were used to alter wall tension of the vessels. Tension in the vessel wall was computed, and length-tension curves for the arteriolar smooth muscle were approximated. Length-tension relationships similar to those seen in other smooth-muscle preparations were found with maximal estimated force development of 1.29 x 10(-5) N . m-2. Alterations of bath pH caused changes in vessel diameter that were inversely related to extraluminal pH and varied by approximately 77% in the range from pH 6.85 to 8.00. Adenosine dilated vessels to 140 +/- 6% of control diameter at a concentration of 10(-5) M. The mechanical characteristics and the reactivity to H+, K+, and adenosine of these vessels were quantitatively consistent with in vitro data from larger cerebral vessels and in vivo data from pial arteries.

The Migration of Human Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro Is Mediated by Plasminogen Activation and Can Be Inhibited by α2-Macroglobulin Receptor Associated Protein

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (02) ◽  
pp. 880-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique J Wijnberg ◽  
Paul H A Quax ◽  
Nancy M E Nieuwenbroek ◽  
Jan H Verheijen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Invasion Assay ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration

SummaryThe plasminogen activation system is thought to be important in cell migration processes. A role for this system during smooth muscle cell migration after vascular injury has been suggested from several animal studies. However, not much is known about its involvement in human vascular remodelling. We studied the involvement of the plasminogen activation system in human smooth muscle cell migration in more detail using an in vitro wound assay and a matrix invasion assay. Inhibition of plasmin activity or inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) activity resulted in approximately 40% reduction of migration after 24 h in the wound assay and an even stronger reduction (70-80%) in the matrix invasion assay. Migration of smooth muscle cells in the presence of inhibitory antibodies against tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) was not significantly reduced after 24 h, but after 48 h a 30% reduction of migration was observed, whereas in the matrix invasion assay a 50% reduction in invasion was observed already after 24 h. Prevention of the interaction of u-PA with cell surface receptors by addition of soluble u-PA receptor or α2-macroglobulin receptor associated protein (RAP) to the culture medium, resulted in a similar inhibition of migration and invasion. From these results it can be concluded that both u-PA and t-PA mediated plasminogen activation can contribute to in vitro human smooth muscle cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the interaction between u-PA and its cell surface receptor appears also to be involved in this migration and invasion process. The inhibitory effects on migration and invasion by the addition of RAP suggests an involvement of a RAP sensitive receptor of the LDL receptor family, possibly the LDL-receptor related protein (LRP) and/or the VLDL receptor.

An In Vitro Study of Nano-fiber Polymers for Guided Vascular Regeneration

2001 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derick C. Miller ◽  
Anil Thapa ◽  
Karen M. Haberstroh ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Arterial Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Fiber Dimensions

ABSTRACTBiomaterials that successfully integrate into surrounding tissue should match not only the tissue's mechanical properties, but also the dimensions of the associated nano-structured extra-cellular matrix (ECM) components. The goal of this research was to use these ideals to develop a synthetic, nano-structured, polymeric biomaterial that has cytocompatible and mechanical behaviors similar to that of natural vascular tissue. In a novel manner, poly-lactic acid/polyglycolic acid (PLGA) (50/50 wt.% mix) and polyurethane were separately synthesized to possess a range of fiber dimensions in the micron and nanometer regime. Preliminary results indicated that decreasing fiber diameter on both PLGA and PU enhanced arterial smooth muscle cell adhesion; specifically, arterial smooth muscle cell adhesion increased 23% when PLGA fiber dimensions decreased from 500 to 50 nm and increased 76% on nano-structured, compared to conventional structured, polyurethane. However, nano-structured PLGA decreased endothelial cell adhesion by 52%, whereas adhesion of these same cells was increased by 50% on polyurethane. For these reasons, the present in vitro study provides the first evidence that polymer fiber dimensions can be used to selectively control cell functions for vascular prosthesis.

scholarly journals Basal Activation of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Murine Colonic Smooth Muscle Cell

1998 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Koh ◽  
K.K. Bradley ◽  
M.G. Rae ◽  
K.D. Keef ◽  
B. Horowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell
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