Protective efficacy against serotype 1 rotavirus diarrhea by live oral rhesus-human reassortant rotavirus vaccines with human rotavirus VP7 serotype 1 or 2 specificity

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMO VESIKARI ◽  
TARJA RUUSKA ◽  
KIM Y. GREEN ◽  
JORGE FLORES ◽  
ALBERT Z. KAPIKIAN
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

scholarly journals Parenterally Administered P24-VP8* Nanoparticle Vaccine Conferred Strong Protection against Rotavirus Diarrhea and Virus Shedding in Gnotobiotic Pigs

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh ◽  
Mao ◽  
Lei ◽  
Twitchell ◽  
Shiraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Current live rotavirus vaccines are costly with increased risk of intussusception due to vaccine replication in the gut of vaccinated children. New vaccines with improved safety and cost-effectiveness are needed. In this study, we assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a novel P24-VP8* nanoparticle vaccine using the gnotobiotic (Gn) pig model of human rotavirus infection and disease. Three doses of P24-VP8* (200 μg/dose) intramuscular vaccine with Al(OH)3 adjuvant (600 μg) conferred significant protection against infection and diarrhea after challenge with virulent Wa strain rotavirus. This was indicated by the significant reduction in the mean duration of diarrhea, virus shedding in feces, and significantly lower fecal cumulative consistency scores in post-challenge day (PCD) 1–7 among vaccinated pigs compared to the mock immunized controls. The P24-VP8* vaccine was highly immunogenic in Gn pigs. It induced strong VP8*-specific serum IgG and Wa-specific virus-neutralizing antibody responses from post-inoculation day 21 to PCD 7, but did not induce serum or intestinal IgA antibody responses or a strong effector T cell response, which are consistent with the immunization route, the adjuvant used, and the nature of the non-replicating vaccine. The findings are highly translatable and thus will facilitate clinical trials of the P24-VP8* nanoparticle vaccine.

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of a serotype 1 bovine-human rotavirus reassortant vaccine in infants

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN J. TREANOR ◽  
H. FRED CLARK ◽  
MICHAEL PICHICHERO ◽  
CYNTHIA CHRISTY ◽  
VERA GOUVEA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Serotype 1

scholarly journals Two out of the 11 genes of an unusual human G6P[6] rotavirus isolate are of bovine origin

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 2630-2635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle Matthijnssens ◽  
Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Marc Van Ranst
Keyword(s):  
Complete Genome ◽  
Bovine Rotavirus ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Molecular Origin ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Vp7 Gene

In 2003, we described the first human G6P[6] rotavirus strain (B1711). To investigate further the molecular origin of this strain and to determine the possible reassortments leading to this new gene constellation, the complete genome of strain B1711 was sequenced. SimPlot analyses were conducted to compare strain B1711 with other known rotavirus gene segments, and phylogenetic dendrograms were constructed to analyse the origin of the eleven genome segments of strain B1711. Our analysis indicated that strain B1711 acquired its VP1-, VP2-, VP4-, VP6- and NSP1–5-encoding gene segments from human DS-1-like P[6] rotavirus strains, and its VP3 and VP7 gene segments from a bovine rotavirus strain through reassortment. The introduction of animal–human reassortant strains, which might arise in either of the hosts, into the human rotavirus population is an important mechanism for the generation of rotavirus diversity, and might be a challenge for the current rotavirus vaccines and vaccines under development.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of WC3 Vaccine Against Rotavirus Diarrhea in Infants During a Predominantly Serotype 1 Rotavirus Season

1988 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Clark ◽  
F. E. Horian ◽  
L. M. Bell ◽  
K. Modesto ◽  
V. Gouvea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

Human rotavirus vaccines: too early for the strain to tell

The Lancet ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 371 (9619) ◽  
pp. 1144-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Grimwood ◽  
Carl D Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Human Rotavirus

scholarly journals Prevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies against Different Rotavirus Serotypes in Children with Severe Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea and Their Mothers

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratibha G. Ray ◽  
Shobhana D. Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Convalescent Phase ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Child Patients ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Paired Serum ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

ABSTRACT Neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to different rotavirus serotypes were compared in 64 convalescent-phase serum samples from hospitalized rotavirus-positive children less than 2 years of age and their mothers. Compared to the child patients, the mothers showed significantly higher NAb positivity to animal rotavirus serotypes G3 simian (96.88%), G6 bovine (85.94%), and G10 bovine (25.0%) and to human rotavirus serotypes G8 (79.69%) and G3 (57.81%) (P < 0.01 for each) but not to human serotypes G1, G2, G4, and G9 (P > 0.05). The overall prevalence of NAb among the child patients was low for human rotavirus serotypes G1 (20.31%) and G3 (21.8%). The comparative NAb response in individual mother-child paired serum samples was analyzed against each rotavirus serotype. A substantial number of child patients showed higher NAb titers than their mothers to serotypes G1, G2, G4, and G9, indicating that these serotypes are the major serotypes causing rotavirus diarrhea among the children of Pune, India. In these cases, the mothers were either negative or had lower titers of NAbs than their children. Correlation was observed between the infecting serotype and child patient serum that showed a homologous NAb response at a higher level than that of the mother. It appears that when the level of NAb to a particular serotype is higher among child patients than among their mothers, that serotype is the infecting serotype, and that low titers of NAb among the mothers predispose the children to infection with that serotype, if the serotype is in circulation.

scholarly journals Distinct yearly change of serotype distribution of human rotavirus in Thailand as determined by ELISA and PCR

1993 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pongsuwanna ◽  
K. Taniguchi ◽  
F. Wakasugi ◽  
Y. Sutivijit ◽  
M. Chiwakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Yearly Change ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummaryA total of 241 group A rotavirus-positive stool samples collected from diarrhoeic patients in Thailand between July 1988 and June 1991 were characterized for their serotypes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies and by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In July 1988–June 1989, serotype 1 was the most prevalent (63·4%), followed by serotype 4 (11·0%) and serotype 2 (8·5%). In July 1989–June 1990, 59·8% were serotype 1, 24·3% were serotype 2, and 6·1 % were serotype 3. In contrast, in July 1990–June 1991, serotype 3 was detected in the highest frequency (40·5%), 29·9% were serotype 1, and 27·3% were serotype 2. Thus, a distinct yearly change of serotype distribution of rotavirus in Thailand was observed in the three consecutive years. In particular, it was of note that the prevalence of serotype 3 greatly increased, in contrast to the previous studies in which almost no serotype 3 rotaviruses were detected in the years 1983–8 in Thailand.

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