CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV)-SPECIFIC CD4 AND CD8 T CELL RESPONSE TO CMV INFECTION IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS.

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
&NA;
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Renal Transplant Patients

scholarly journals Peripheral T cell activation in long-term renal transplant patients: concordant upregulation of adhesion molecules and cytokine gene transcription.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2476-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Kern ◽  
S Ode-Hakim ◽  
H Nugel ◽  
K Vogt ◽  
H D Volk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Granzyme A ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Renal Transplant Patients

In renal transplant, patients, the number of T cells expressing high levels of LFA-1 (LFA-1-bright) and of T cells expressing CD57 increases in response to viral infection, even if the latter is asymptomatic. Their role in long-term renal transplant patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia and concomitant transplant dysfunction was investigated. For this purpose, this study used triple-color flow cytometry, fluorescence-activated cell sorting of peripheral blood T cells (CD3+/LFA-1-dim or -bright and CD8+/CD57+ or CD57- subsets), and subsequent semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine mRNA levels for interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon-gamma, as well as Granzyme A and IL-2R p55 and p75 transcripts were determined and compared in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in separated T cell subsets. Although in patients with CMV infection and/or rejection, cytokine transcripts were readily detected and the levels in the CD3+/LFA-1-bright subsets were, by orders of magnitudes, higher than in the LFA-1-dim subset, hardly any cytokine message was found in patients without CMV infection or rejection episodes or in control subjects. The expression of Granzyme A, which is involved in cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, was not upregulated in LFA-1-bright T cells, which is in discordance with cytokine levels. Differences between CD57+ and CD57- T cells were limited to the IL-2R p55 mRNA, of which the former expressed significantly less than the latter. It is concluded that upon virus-induced activation of peripheral blood T cells, an effector type that is marked by high inflammatory but small cytotoxic potential is produced. The results of this study propose that these cells represent a correlate of persistent immune activation and are liable to produce graft dysfunction, although they are unable to clear the organism from virus infection because of their lack of cytotoxic potential.

Preserved specific anti-viral T-cell response but associated with decreased lupus activity in SLE patients with cytomegalovirus infection

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 3340-3349
Author(s):  
Chien-Sheng Wu ◽  
I-Tsu Chyuan ◽  
Yen-Ling Chiu ◽  
Wen-Lin Chen ◽  
Chieh-Yu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Intracellular Cytokines

Abstract Objectives SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by aberrant autoantibody production and immune dysfunctions. Whether the anti-CMV immunity is impaired in SLE patients is poorly understood. We investigated the specific anti-viral T-cell response in SLE patients with CMV infection and its possible impacts on clinical manifestations in lupus. Methods CD28 null T-cell percentages were measured by flow cytometry in 89 SLE patients and 58 healthy controls. A specific anti-CMV CD8 T-cell response was assessed ex vivo by the production of intracellular cytokines in response to CMV phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) by flow cytometry. Clinical manifestations and immune parameters were analysed in SLE patients according to their CMV serostatus. Results CD28 null T cells were significantly expanded in SLE patients. When the anti-CMV pp65 CD8 polyfunctional T cell response was analysed, as defined by production of at least three of four functional cytokines or effectors (intracellular IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α and surface CD107a), the results demonstrated that it was not impaired in SLE patients. In contrast, when comparing clinical manifestations, there were lower anti-ds-DNA levels and decreased SLEDAI in SLE patients with CMV infection. Furthermore, the expansion of CD4+CD28 null T cells was negatively associated with anti-ds-DNA levels and SLEDAI in these lupus patients. Conclusion In SLE patients with CMV infection, the specific anti-CMV CD8 T-cell response is preserved but is associated with decreased disease activity and lower anti-DNA levels among these patients, suggesting CMV infection may mitigate lupus activity.

Pretransplant CD8 T-Cell Response to IE-1 Discriminates Seropositive Kidney Recipients at Risk of Developing CMV Infection Posttransplant

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 839-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ovidia López-Oliva ◽  
Virginia Martinez ◽  
Águeda Buitrago ◽  
Carlos Jiménez ◽  
Begoña Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Kidney Recipients

Everolimus-Treated Renal Transplant Recipients Have a More Robust CMV-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Response Compared With Cyclosporine- or Mycophenolate-Treated Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone H.C. Havenith ◽  
Si La Yong ◽  
Karlijn A.M.I. van Donselaar-van der Pant ◽  
René A.W. van Lier ◽  
Ineke J.M. ten Berge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients

scholarly journals An epidemic Zika virus isolate suppresses antiviral immunity by disrupting antigen presentation pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Pardy ◽  
Stefanie F. Valbon ◽  
Brendan Cordeiro ◽  
Connie M. Krawczyk ◽  
Martin J. Richer
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cross Presentation ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Asian Lineage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Host Tissues

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as an important global health threat, with the recently acquired capacity to cause severe neurological symptoms and to persist within host tissues. We previously demonstrated that an early Asian lineage ZIKV isolate induces a highly activated CD8 T cell response specific for an immunodominant epitope in the ZIKV envelope protein in wild-type mice. Here we show that a contemporary ZIKV isolate from the Brazilian outbreak severely limits CD8 T cell immunity in mice and blocks generation of the immunodominant CD8 T cell response. This is associated with a more sustained infection that is cleared between 7- and 14-days post-infection. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that infection with the Brazilian ZIKV isolate reduces the cross-presentation capacity of dendritic cells and fails to fully activate the immunoproteasome. Thus, our study provides an isolate-specific mechanism of host immune evasion by one Brazilian ZIKV isolate, which differs from the early Asian lineage isolate and provides potential insight into viral persistence associated with recent ZIKV outbreaks.

scholarly journals Nano-Microparticle Platforms in Developing Next-Generation Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 606
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cappellano ◽  
Hugo Abreu ◽  
Chiara Casale ◽  
Umberto Dianzani ◽  
Annalisa Chiocchetti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Effector Functions

The first vaccines ever made were based on live-attenuated or inactivated pathogens, either whole cells or fragments. Although these vaccines required the co-administration of antigens with adjuvants to induce a strong humoral response, they could only elicit a poor CD8+ T-cell response. In contrast, next-generation nano/microparticle-based vaccines offer several advantages over traditional ones because they can induce a more potent CD8+ T-cell response and, at the same time, are ideal carriers for proteins, adjuvants, and nucleic acids. The fact that these nanocarriers can be loaded with molecules able to modulate the immune response by inducing different effector functions and regulatory activities makes them ideal tools for inverse vaccination, whose goal is to shut down the immune response in autoimmune diseases. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and liposomes are biocompatible materials approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use and are, therefore, suitable for nanoparticle-based vaccines. Recently, another candidate platform for innovative vaccines based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been shown to efficiently co-deliver antigens and adjuvants. This review will discuss the potential use of PLGA-NPs, liposomes, and EVs as carriers of peptides, adjuvants, mRNA, and DNA for the development of next-generation vaccines against endemic and emerging viruses in light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

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