PREVALENCE OF THE HAPTOGLOBIN POLYMORPHISM AMONG PREECLAMPTIC WOMEN: THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS DURING PREGNANCY.

This review outlines the current clinical research investigating how the haptoglobin (Hp) genetic polymorphism and stroke occurrence are implicated in sickle cell disease (SCD) pathophysiology. Hp is a blood serum glycoprotein responsible for binding and removing toxic free hemoglobin from the vasculature. The role of Hp in patients with SCD is critical in combating blood toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and even stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs when a blocked vessel decreases oxygen delivery in the blood to cerebral tissue and is commonly associated with SCD. Due to the malformed red blood cells of sickle hemoglobin S, blockage of blood flow is much more prevalent in patients with SCD. This review is the first to evaluate the role of the Hp polymorphism in the incidence of stroke in patients with SCD. Overall, the data compiled in this review suggest that further studies should be conducted to reveal and evaluate potential clinical advancements for gene therapy and Hp infusions.

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57 PREVALENCE OF THE HAPTOGLOBIN POLYMORPHISM AMONG PREECLAMPTIC WOMEN: THE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS DURING PREGNANCY.

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-57 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. S88.5-S88

Author(s):

T. J. Hamilton ◽

S. K. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Haptoglobin Polymorphism

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Biological and clinical significance of haptoglobin polymorphism in humans

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/42.10.1589 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 1589-1600 ◽

Cited By ~ 607

Author(s):

M R Langlois ◽

J R Delanghe

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽

Genetic Fingerprint ◽

Functional Differences ◽

Hemoglobin Binding ◽

Human Pathology ◽

Clinical Consequences ◽

Haptoglobin Polymorphism

Abstract Haptoglobin is a hemoglobin-binding protein expressed by a genetic polymorphism as three major phenotypes: 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2. Most attention has been paid to determining haptoglobin phenotype as a genetic fingerprint used in forensic medicine. More recently, several functional differences between haptoglobin phenotypes have been demonstrated that appear to have important biological and clinical consequences. Haptoglobin polymorphism is associated with the prevalence and clinical evolution of many inflammatory diseases, including infections, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune disorders. These effects are explained by a phenotype-dependent modulation of oxidative stress and prostaglandin synthesis. Recent evidence is growing that haptoglobin is involved in the immune response as well. The strong genetic pressure favoring the 2-2 phenotype suggests an important role of haptoglobin in human pathology.

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