Role of Oxidative Stress, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Leptin and Adiponectin in Organophosphorus-Induced Insulin Resistance in Wistar Albino Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Effects of erdosteine on cyclosporin-A-induced nephrotoxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tutanc ◽  
V Arica ◽  
N Yılmaz ◽  
A Nacar ◽  
I Zararsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: In cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective role of erdosteine against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopy in rats. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups. Group 1 rats treated with sodium chloride served as the control, group 2 rats were treated with CsA, group 3 with CsA plus erdosteine, and group 4 with erdosteine alone. Animals were killed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) levels. Kidney sections were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as for histopathological changes. Results: In the CsA group, MDA, GSH-Px, BUN, and Cr levels were increased. The TP and ALB levels were decreased. These changes had been improved by erdosteine administration. Other biochemical parameters did not show any significant change. Conclusion: These results indicate that erdosteine produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis.

Role of Diosmin in protection against the oxidative stress induced damage by gamma-radiation in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 104622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahenda Mahgoub ◽  
Anas O. Sallam ◽  
Hazem K.A. Sarhan ◽  
Amal A.A. Ammar ◽  
Sameh H. Soror
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals Modulation ofN-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in isolated rat heart

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1327-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Srejovic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Nevena Jeremic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Isolated Rat Heart ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Isolated Rat

Considering the limited data on the role of NMDA-Rs in the cardiovascular system, the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of NMDA and DL-Hcy TLHC, alone and in combination with glycine, memantine, and ifenprodil, in the isolated rat heart. The hearts of Wistar albino rats were retrogradely perfused according to the Langendorff technique at a constant perfusion pressure. The experimental protocol for all experimental groups included the stabilization period, application of estimated substance for 5 min, followed by a washout period of 10 min. Using a sensor placed in the left ventricle, we registered the following parameters of myocardial function: dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, SLVP, DVLP, HR; CF was measured using flowmetry). We estimated the following oxidative stress biomarkers in the coronary venous effluent using spectrophotometry: TBARS, NO2−, O2−, and H2O2. NMDA alone did not induce any change in any of the observed parameters, while DL-Hcy TLHC alone, as well as a combined application of NMDA and DL-Hcy TLHC with glycine, induced a reduction of most cardiodynamic parameters. Memantine and ifenprodil induced a reduction of cardiodynamic parameters and CF, as well as some oxidative stress biomarkers.

scholarly journals Effects of cisplatin on lipid peroxidation and the glutathione redox status in the liver of male rats: The protective role of selenium

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Trbojevic ◽  
Branka Ognjanovic ◽  
Natasa Djordjevic ◽  
Snezana Markovic ◽  
A.S. Stajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Glutathione Redox

The role of oxidative stress in cisplatin (CP) toxicity and its prevention by pretreatment with selenium (Se) was investigated. Male Wistar albino rats were injected with a single dose of cisplatin (7.5 mg CP/kg b.m., i.p.) and selenium (6 mg Se/kg b.m, as Na2SeO3, i.p.) alone or in combination. The results suggest that CP intoxication induces oxidative stress and alters the glutathione redox status: reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the GSH/GSSG ratio (GSH RI), resulting in increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver. The pretreatment with selenium prior to CP treatment showed a protective effect against the toxic influence of CP on peroxidation of the membrane lipids and an altering of the glutathione redox status in the liver of rats. From our results we conclude that selenium functions as a potent antioxidant and suggest that it can control CP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Role of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 in the Pathogenesis of Graves’ Orbitopathy in Orbital Fibroblasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga Eun Lee ◽  
Jinjoo Kim ◽  
Jihei Sara Lee ◽  
JaeSang Ko ◽  
Eun Jig Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Proprotein Convertase ◽  
Graves Orbitopathy ◽  
Pcsk9 Inhibition ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

BackgroundThe proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. We sought to investigate the role of PCSK9 in the pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) and whether it may be a legitimate target for treatment.MethodsThe PCSK9 was compared between GO (n=11) and normal subjects (n=7) in orbital tissue explants using quantitative real-time PCR, and in cultured interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated fibroblasts using western blot. Western blot was used to identify the effects of PCSK9 inhibition on IL-1β-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines production and signaling molecules expression as well as levels of adipogenic markers and oxidative stress-related proteins. Adipogenic differentiation was identified using Oil Red O staining. The plasma PCSK9 concentrations were compared between patients with GO (n=44) and healthy subjects (n=26) by ELISA.ResultsThe PCSK9 transcript level was higher in GO tissues. The depletion of PCSK9 blunted IL-1β-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), IL-6, IL-8, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in GO and non-GO fibroblasts. The levels of activated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and phosphorylated forms of Akt and p38 were diminished when PCSK9 was suppressed in GO fibroblasts. Decreases in lipid droplets and attenuated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and leptin as well as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), thioredoxin (Trx), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were noted when PCSK9 was suppressed during adipocyte differentiation. The plasma PCSK9 level was significantly higher in GO patients and correlated with level of thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) and the clinical activity score (CAS).ConclusionsPCSK9 plays a significant role in GO. The PCSK9 inhibition attenuated the pro-inflammatory cytokines production, oxidative stress, and fibroblast differentiation into adipocytes. PCSK9 may serve as a therapeutic target and biomarker for GO.

scholarly journals Bisphenol-A induced oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, and metabolic and histopathological changes in male Wistar albino rats: protective role of boron

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulas Acaroz ◽  
Sinan Ince ◽  
Damla Arslan-Acaroz ◽  
Zeki Gurler ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Demirel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Gene ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Boron reversed Bisphenol-A induced alterations.

scholarly journals The Role of Cardiac N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in Heart Conditioning—Effects on Heart Function and Oxidative Stress

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
Natalia Govoruskina ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljevic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Isidora Milosavljevic ◽  
Jovana Jeremic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Isolated Rat Heart ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Ischemic And Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

As well as the most known role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the nervous system, there is a plethora of evidence that NMDARs are also present in the cardiovascular system where they participate in various physiological processes, as well as pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of preconditioning and postconditioning of isolated rat heart with NMDAR agonists and antagonists on heart function and release of oxidative stress biomarkers. The hearts of male Wistar albino rats were subjected to global ischemia for 20 min, followed by 30 min of reperfusion, using the Langendorff technique, and cardiodynamic parameters were determined during the subsequent preconditioning with the NMDAR agonists glutamate (100 µmol/L) and (RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine (5 μmol/L) and the NMDAR antagonists memantine (100 μmol/L) and MK-801 (30 μmol/L). In the postconditioning group, the hearts were perfused with the same dose of drugs during the first 3 min of reperfusion. The oxidative stress biomarkers were determined spectrophotometrically in samples of coronary venous effluent. The NMDAR antagonists, especially MK-801, applied in postconditioning had a marked antioxidative effect with a most pronounced protective effect. The results from this study suggest that NMDARs could be a potential therapeutic target in the prevention and treatment of ischemic and reperfusion injury of the heart.

scholarly journals Disorders of microcirculation in a comorbid patient

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-270
Author(s):  
L.K. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic. According to the experts, by 2045 the number of patients with diabetes will rise by 48 %. Patients with diabetes are characterized by the high cardiovascular mortality and a significant reduction in life expectancy. Almost half of the deaths associated with diabetes are due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Patients with diabetes often have concomitant pathology (hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity), which increases the cardiovascular risk. Objective. To describe microcirculation disorders in patients with comorbid conditions. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature sources on this topic. Results and discussion. Type 2 diabetes (DM2) is a multifaceted disease that has a number of cardiovascular, metabolic and renal complications. The links of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications of DM2 include dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, autonomic imbalance, and endothelial dysfunction (ED). ED leads to vasoconstriction, increased chronic inflammation, increased vascular permeability and hypercoagulation, which ultimately causes micro- and macroangiopathy. Neurological complications of diabetes are also mediated by ED and microangiopathies, which lead to nerve hypoxia with a decrease in conductivity velocity. In recent years, the literature has been actively discussing the syndrome of early vascular aging – premature and accelerated development of structural and functional age-related changes in blood vessels. Microcirculation disorders that accompany diabetes, CVD and their complications are mediated by nitric oxide (NO) imbalance. NO reduces the contractility and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, platelet aggregation, endothelin production, adhesion of monocytes and platelets, and oxidation of low-density lipoproteins. In humans, NO is produced from L-arginine. Increased L-arginase activity and decreased NO-synthase activity lead to a decrease in NO content and to the development of ED, atherosclerosis, and decreased insulin sensitivity. L-arginine as a substrate of NO improves the functional state of the endothelium, reduces the manifestations of oxidative stress, reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, inhibits platelet aggregation, reduces insulin resistance. It should be noted that the administration of 4.2 g of L-arginine in DM is not enough. In clinical studies, doses of 6.4-9 g per day were found to be effective in diabetes and obesity. Therefore, it is advisable to use Tivortin-200 (“Yuria-Pharm”), which contains 8.4 g of L-arginine in one vial. Conclusions. 1. Patients with diabetes are characterized by the high cardiovascular mortality and a significant reduction in life expectancy. 2. The links of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications of DM2 include dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, autonomic imbalance, and ED. 3. Disorders of microcirculation that accompany diabetes, CVD and their complications, are mediated by NO imbalance. 4. L-arginine as a substrate of NO improves the functional state of the endothelium, reduces the manifestations of oxidative stress, reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, inhibits platelet aggregation, reduces insulin resistance. 5. In diabetes and obesity, it is advisable to use Tivortin-200, which contains 8.4 g of L-arginine in one vial.

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