scholarly journals Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Incident HIV Infection in Rural Uganda

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Quigley ◽  
Dilys Morgan ◽  
Samuel S. Malamba ◽  
Billy Mayanja ◽  
Martin J. Okongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk Factors Influencing HIV Infection Incidence in a Rural African Population: A Nested Case‐Control Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Todd ◽  
Heiner Grosskurth ◽  
John Changalucha ◽  
Angela Obasi ◽  
Frank Mosha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
African Population ◽  
Infection Incidence ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Investigation of an extensive outbreak of HIV infection among children in Sindh, Pakistan: protocol for a matched case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e036723
Author(s):  
Amna R Siddiqui ◽  
Apsara Ali Nathwani ◽  
Syed H Abidi ◽  
Syed Faisal Mahmood ◽  
Iqbal Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionIn April 2019, 14 children were diagnosed with HIV infection by a private healthcare provider in Larkana district, Sindh province, Pakistan. Over the next 3 months, 930 individuals were diagnosed with HIV, >80% below 16 years, the largest ever outbreak of HIV in children in Pakistan. In this protocol paper, we describe research methods for assessing likely modes of HIV transmission in this outbreak and investigate spatial and molecular epidemiology.Methods and analysisA matched case–control study will be conducted with 406 cases recruited. Cases will be children aged below 16 years registered for care at the HIV treatment centre at Shaikh Zayed Children Hospital in Larkana City. Controls will be children who are HIV-uninfected (confirmed by a rapid HIV test) matched 1:1 by age (within 1 year), sex and neighbourhood. Following written informed consent from the guardian, a structured questionnaire will be administered to collect data on sociodemographic indices and exposure to risk factors for parenteral, vertical and sexual (only among those aged above 10 years) HIV transmission. A blood sample will be collected for hepatitis B and C serology (cases and controls) and HIV lineage studies (cases only). Mothers of participants will be tested for HIV to investigate the possibility of mother-to-child transmission. Conditional logistic regression will be used to investigate the association of a priori defined risk factors with HIV infection. Phylogenetic analyses will be conducted. Global positioning system coordinates of participants’ addresses will be collected to investigate concordance between the genetic and spatial epidemiology.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the Aga Khan University, Karachi. Study results will be shared with Sindh and National AIDS Control Programs, relevant governmental and non-governmental organisations, presented at national and international research conferences and published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Risk factors for HIV infection in a gynaeco - obstetric population in Vietnam — a case-control study

Sexual Health ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Ha Tran ◽  
Brian P. Mulhall ◽  
Petra Macaskill ◽  
Thanh Quang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Past History ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Current History

Background: Vietnam has an emerging HIV epidemic, particularly in male drug injectors. Data on HIV infections in women in the general population, and their risk factors, are scanty. Methods: A case-control study was performed in a large gynaeco–obstetric hospital in Haiphong city in 1998–2001. The sample was 22000 attendees. The medical records of 58 HIV-seropositive cases were compared with 422 randomly chosen HIV-seronegative controls for potential risk factors. Results: A multivariate analysis found that HIV infection was associated with young age, past/current history of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and being unemployed. Patients aged 21–30 years were 10-fold less likely to be infected than women aged <20 years (OR 0.11, 95%CI 0.04–0.33). Women with a past/current history of STI had over 20 times the risk of those who did not (95% CI 6.7–62.3). Unemployed women had at least twice the risk of infection of any other occupational group. Conclusions: We have identified risk factors in women that have not been highlighted previously in Vietnam. Our study suggests that all antenatal women, especially those who are young or unemployed (or, with a current/past history of STI), should be offered free HIV tests, counselling and management.

scholarly journals Risk factors for HIV infection among circumcised men in Uganda: a case-control study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ediau ◽  
Joseph KB Matovu ◽  
Raymond Byaruhanga ◽  
Nazarius M Tumwesigye ◽  
Rhoda K Wanyenze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Incident HIV Infection in Rural Uganda

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Quigley ◽  
Dilys Morgan ◽  
Samuel S. Malamba ◽  
Billy Mayanja ◽  
Martin J. Okongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Risk factors for incident HIV infection in men having sex with men: a case-control study

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim R. H. Read ◽  
Jane Hocking ◽  
Vikki Sinnott ◽  
Margaret Hellard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Control Study

Background: HIV notifications affecting men having sex with men (MSM) in Victoria, Australia have been increasing. This study aimed to determine current risk factors for HIV infection in this population. Methods: Case-control study. Cases were MSM infected within the previous year (incident cases) as indicated by a previous negative test or seroconversion illness. Controls were MSM with a negative HIV test at the same clinic. From May 2001 to May 2003, cases and controls were interviewed about sexual behaviour, drug and alcohol use and mental health and sexually transmissible infections (STI) in the year before their HIV diagnosis. Results: Twenty-six cases and 52 controls were recruited. Risk factors in the year before diagnosis of incident HIV infection included: receptive unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with ejaculation with casual partners (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval 57.2 [6.7, 489.4]); insertive UAI with ejaculation with >1 casual partners (OR 19.2 [2.2, 168.9]); having >14 casual partners at sex venues (OR 3.2 [1.1, 9.1]); and consuming >60 g alcohol at one sitting at least weekly (OR 3.6 [1.1, 11.4]). Cases were also more likely to have anal sex with >100 partners in their life and cases had more casual partners than controls in the year before the test. Cases were more likely to have consumed alcohol or amphetamines during a high-risk sexual episode in the year before the test. Conclusions: UAI remains the most important behavioural risk for HIV in Australian MSM. Risk is increased by larger numbers of partners, partners met at sex venues and sex under the influence of alcohol.

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